Research on the Development of Rural Collective Economy in Shandong Province

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed a strategy for rural revitalization and made a scientific deployment.In this context,how to pursue the development of rural collective economy is of great significance.Analysis on the status of the development of rural collective economy in Shandong Province showed that decentralized small farmers had a wide range of wealth,poor income-generating capacity,and weak income growth.The development models of rural collective economy in Shandong mainly included the follows:property leasing to explore the way to make money on the spot;relying on resources to build advantageous industries;creating a livable living environment led by capable persons;cooperative management to sound agricultural production and management system;and reform of property rights system to develop the collective economy.In addition,it also found that the rural collective economy in Shandong Province had weak economic foundations,uneven development,financing difficulties,debt resolution difficulties,lack of scientific support policies,and limited innovation and development of leadership team.In response to these problems,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward in this article.

Distribution of Land Increment Income from Marketing Rural Collective Land for Development Purposes : A Case Study of Changyuan City

In order to protect the property rights and interests of farmers,promote the revitalization and development of rural areas,and provide a reference basis for the reform of marketing rural collective land for development purposes,this study explores the reasonable distribution proportion of land increment income from marketing rural collective land for development purposes through analytic hierarchy process and Delphi expert scoring method.The results show that there is a positive correlation between land increment income and land grade,that is,the higher the land grade,the higher the increment income,the larger the proportion of increment income to the transaction price.According to the calculation,when marketing rural collective land for development purposes,the reasonable distribution proportion of the land increment income of the government and the village collective is 28.6%and 71.4%,respectively,and the land increment income actually obtained by farmers has been greatly improved compared with the current situation.In practice,this distribution model has universal applicability and long-term mechanism.The reform of marketing also needs to improve the standard of marketing,explore diversified channels to protect interests,and strengthen the construction of rural collective management system.In short,the distribution of land increment income from marketing rural collective land for development purposes should proceed from the perspective of land property rights and the factors affecting the price of collective land for development purposes,in order to build a reasonable income distribution model.

Global Memory Net and the development of digital image information management system: Experience and practice

Global Memory Net (GMNet) is intended to be an effective gateway to the world cultural, historical, and heritage image collections from selected academic educational and research partners in the world. Much of these unique collections of great value to education and research are not currently accessible due to distance, form, and technical barriers. This project is to find new ways to enable users to access and exploit these significant research collections via global network. As GMNet is ending its first 5-year phase in October 2005, it has contributed substantially to the community building in digital library development by ac- commodating numerous collaborators and technical staff from various parts of the world to spend 3 to 5 months as a full-member of the GMNet team in Boston. They have come from different parts of China—such as Sichuan, Hainan, Shanghai and Xi’an; Croatia; and Hanoi, Vietnam. In addition to contribute to the overall system development and enhancement of system function- alities, they have brought valuable sample image collections of their own institutions/countries, and actually developed prototype collections as a part of GMNet. This paper describes the exciting and productive experience of the first of this visiting research group in developing the GMNet’s Version 2.0 PHP-based system under Prof. Chen’s overall supervision. It also describes both the system’s technical level structure—user/Web-based application/data, and complex functionalities with multi-collection, multi-lingual, multi-modal searching capabilities; system management capabilities; as well as provisions for user uploads and retrieval for our own projects. This Version 2.0 system is built on the Linux/Apache/PHP/MySQL platform. What is described in this paper is an actual case which has formed a base for further new development by others in the research group. It demonstrates fully the value of the synergistic collaboration among global partners for universal digital library development. More information can be found in http://www.memorynet.org/.

Machine Tool Fault Information Management System Softw are Development

In order to collect failure data conveniently and reserve reliability research data,the data collection software,the machine tool fault information management system, was developed. The method to computer numerical control( CNC) machine tool reliability data collection was introduced. Through designing the form and applying SQL Server 2008 as the database and Visual Studio 2005 as the development platform,establish the database,develop the software based on the early stage work,and realize the comprehensive statistical information, laying the foundation for further data analysis.

A Comparison of the Operational Energy Demand of Both Low Pressure and Vacuum Collection Systems

Climate change is regarded as the greatest threat to society in the coming years, and directly affects the water industry;with changes in temperature, rainfall intensities and sea levels resulting in increased treatment and subsequent energy costs. As one of the largest global consumers of energy, the water industry has the opportunity to significantly prevent climate change by reducing energy usage and subsequent carbon footprints. Wastewater treatment alone requires an estimated 1% - 3% of a country overall energy output while producing 1.6% of its global greenhouse gas emissions;over 75% of which can be due to the collection system. Gravity flows should therefore be incorporated where possible, reducing pumping requirements and therefore minimizing costs and subsequent carbon footprints. This study has assessed the operational energy usage of the alternative collection systems low pressure and vacuum, for use in situations in which a conventional gravity system is not practicable. This was carried out through hypothetical scenario testing using design parameters derived from literature, generating 60 hypothetical collection mains with variations in population, static head and main length. From this study, it was found that the energy demand of a low pressure system is 3.2 - 4.2 times greater than that of its equivalent vacuum system in the same scenario. Energy demand for both systems increases with population, static head and main length. However, population and therefore flow changes were found to have the greatest effect on the energy usage of both systems. Therefore, flow reduction measures should be adopted if the decarbonization of the water industry is to be achieved.

新型农村集体经济高质量发展:内涵特征、现实困境与应对策略

发展新型农村集体经济,实现集体经济现代化转型,是促进乡村振兴和共同富裕的重要途径。论文在阐述与分析新型农村集体经济高质量发展的理论内涵与新型农村集体经济主要类型的基础上,回顾与总结新型农村集体经济的发展历程与改革成效,阐明新型农村集体经济发展面临的主要问题,并有针对性地提出推动新型农村集体经济高质量发展的路径和举措。同时,论文结合目前学界关于经济发展质量内涵的界定,从现实困境与需求出发,提出从治理、经济和社会三个维度理解新型农村集体经济高质量发展的内涵特征。研究表明,面向未来,可从治理、经济和社会三个维度优化社会主义市场经济条件下新型农村集体经济的高质量发展路径,为全面推进乡村振兴和实现农民农村共同富裕奠定更加坚实的物质基础和制度保障。

新型集体经济与内源式发展:基于江苏省苏州市的案例研究

内源式发展是激发新型集体经济内生动力的重要举措。本文选取江苏省苏州市四个集体经济组织作为案例研究的对象,基于行动者网络理论构建了包括问题呈现、路径整合、利益赋予、征召动员和互动调整五个环节的整合性行动分析框架,归纳出新型集体经济实现内源式发展的演化机理。研究发现,集体经济组织是发展新型集体经济的核心主体;因地制宜地盘活优势资源要素并构建多方共赢的紧密利益联结机制是其实现内源式发展的核心。

农村集体产权制度改革综合评价及障碍因子分析

基于改革政策目标,从产权能力完善、集体经济发展和农民权益保障三个方面,运用熵权TOPSIS法和障碍度模型,对中国30个省(区、市)2014—2021年的农村集体产权制度改革进行综合评价和障碍因子分析。研究发现:中国农村集体产权制度改革水平总体呈平稳上升趋势,区域间呈现“东高西低”的特征,各地区改革水平的差距呈逐步缩小态势;各省(区、市)农村集体产权制度改革的主要障碍因子是农业机械化水平、家庭农场发展水平、农村市场化程度、集体经营收入水平、集体经济组织管理能力和农村居民财产性收入占比,基本属于集体经济发展维度,表明农村集体经济发展水平与改革规划目标仍有差距,还需进一步提升集体产权改革的经济效能。

新型农村集体经济的理论内涵、现实困境与实践路径

新时代发展新型农村集体经济对于促进农村共同富裕具有重要作用。高质量发展下新型农村集体经济是增进民生福祉、实现共同富裕的重要途径,是激发内生动能、实现乡村产业振兴的重要抓手,是巩固基层政权、增强制度自信的重要保障。新型农村集体经济发展至今,已取得一定阶段性成果,但仍存在诸多问题,如部分基层干部群众思想认知有待提升、新型农村集体经济相关政策支持力度有待增强、与新型农村集体经济相关联领域改革的协调性有待提高、与乡村振兴战略实施匹配度有待提高、对实现农村共同富裕建设的支撑力度有待加大等。因此,在中国式现代化发展进程中实现新型农村集体经济高质量发展,需要从普及常态化的农村现代化培训;加快综合性政策出台,优化资源配置;强化相关改革的协同效应;因地制宜探索内外联动发展新模式;构建共同富裕原则下治理新格局等方面入手,有针对性地优化其发展,促进新型农村集体经济发展提质增效,最终实现农村农民共同富裕。

转型视角下研究型图书馆文献资源建设重点内容与发展趋势

在数字驱动与高质量发展时代,图书馆文献资源建设面临着新的挑战与转型要求。文章选取全球主要的图书馆协会/学会及2023年ARWU排名前100的研究型图书馆作为研究对象,分析其最新战略规划、政策文本、行动纲要中对文献资源建设的论述,从技术、管理、服务、内容四个层面探讨文献资源建设的重点领域,并归纳研究型图书馆文献资源建设的发展趋势。

共同富裕视阈下经营性资产匮乏型村庄集体经济发展路径研究——以湖南标东垅村为例

经营性资产匮乏型村庄集体经济的发展壮大是推动共同富裕的重点和难点,找准适宜有效的发展路径是推动该类型村庄集体经济发展的关键所在。文章基于典型个案视角,对湖南省怀化市溆浦县标东垅村集体经济发展路径进行研究发现,推动资源经济价值释放与转化、推动资金向村集体经营性资产转化、推动乡村产业发展共同体构建等成为该村不断壮大集体经济,走向共同富裕的有效路径。实践给其他同类型村庄带来的启示有:经营性资产匮乏型村庄集体经济发展需要以多元绿色适度规模经营为特征的产业支撑,需要政策与项目支持和社会资本的进入,需要共创共建共享的合作模式。

论李华伟博士对图书馆事业的卓越贡献

文章回顾李华伟博士图书馆职业生涯的里程碑(1958-2008),以史实阐述李华伟博士在图书馆资源建设、信息技术推广、国际交流合作等领域的贡献卓著,及其对图书馆事业的发展与变革产生的深远影响,认为李华伟博士是享誉世界的杰出华美图书馆专家、图书馆学家和图书馆活动家。

从历史走向未来的农民集体发展权刍议

新形势下农民集体发展权应时代变化要求而生,以更好因应乡村振兴和共同富裕。一直以来农民集体合作发展都有着悠久历史,发展权的集体人权意涵、以人民为中心的人权理念遵循、现代性下的农民个体困境更是构筑了当下农民集体发展权的新兴逻辑。面向未来,农民集体发展权的主体必然是农民集体,并需依靠壮大农村集体经济、提升农村治理效能、优化农村社会保障来促进农民集体发展权的实现,以使农民能够在乡村振兴下跟上共同富裕的步伐。

大数据驱动的税收征管与非上市公司高质量发展——基于创新行为的研究视角

作为我国经济发展的重要力量,非上市公司创新行为是社会技术进步不可或缺的推动力。利用独特的全国税收调查数据,以金税三期工程在我国各省市的逐步试点作为政策冲击,探讨大数据驱动的税收征管是否以及如何影响非上市公司的创新行为。实证研究发现,在金税三期工程试点实施后,非上市公司加大了创新投入。机制检验发现,这种影响主要是通过大数据税收征管的公司治理效应和信息质量效应获得实现。异质性检验发现,大数据税收征管对非上市公司创新投入的影响与金税三期工程实施的客观条件和主观能动性,以及企业融资约束程度密切相关。进一步分析发现,在金税三期工程试点实施后,非上市公司的创新产出有了明显提升。

旅游发展背景下藏族社区居民生计适应的集体行动实践——以夏乌村为例

乡村振兴战略背景下,集体行动的积极效能需要结合乡村发展的现实进行充分探讨.通过旅游助推乡村振兴的实践,更需基于有效的集体行动,形成多主体共建共治共享的社会治理新格局.该文选择西藏夏乌村作为案例地,通过长期的人类学田野调查,对虫草“挖三休二”制度的形成与发展、轮流打工制度的形成与发展、社区旅游参与实践路径的研究发现,夏乌村集体行动实践具有强烈的自发性,组织上的村民小组网格化管理模式和均质化、公平的发展理念,使得村民个体平等决策和共同参与公共事务成为可能.该文结合当地独特的生态环境、生计条件和社区文化,依托夏乌村集体行动的实践方式和集体行动的制度形成过程,呈现当前旅游助推乡村振兴过程中解决集体主义困境的可能路径,重点讨论少数民族旅游社区在集体行动实践中的自发性和主动性,个体行动和集体行动在过程中产生策略性互动,并为旅游发展奠定充分的制度基础和组织基础.

我国催收行业合规发展路径探索

探索当前我国催收行业的合规发展路径,对化解不良资产、优化诚信体系、防范金融风险、维护金融秩序有着重要意义。文章基于扎根理论,以近年来关于催收行业的学术研究成果、政策文件及催收业务员的经验访谈作为研究对象,运用质性分析软件Nvivo11.0构建催收行业合规发展路径理论模型。研究发现:当前我国催收行业缺乏专门的法律体系和明确的监管主体;随着时代的发展,我国催收行业等来了合规发展的契机,科技的进步以及国家对催收行业的重视,使得传统不合理的催收方式慢慢向合理催收方式发展。基于此,今后应根据不同的债务人划分催收方式,建立催收行业法律体系、催收业务员培训体系、催收行业监管体系、智能催收体系,以使我国催收行业合规发展。

乡村振兴视角下农村集体经济的发展路径探究

农村问题作为关系国家发展和乡村振兴的重要课题,其集体经济组织形式的合理性程度与其经济发展密不可分.借助乡村振兴视角,以内部控制理论对农村集体经济组织与经济绩效之间的关系进行实证分析.结果表明:部分农村集体经济组织之间的发展不均衡情况较为突出,且农村集体经济组织内部控制要素与经济绩效之间具有相关关系(p<0.01),其中内部环境和控制活动在p<0.01的水平下呈显著正相关,风险评估、资产负债率及距离则在p<0.01,p<0.05和p<0.01水平下呈显著负相关.因此,加强内部控制建设是农村集体经济组织发展的重要举措.

“两山”理念与集体林权制度改革新格局构建

在阐述“两山”理念的本质与重要体现的基础上,理解其推动指导集体林权制度改革的现实意义,分析了集体林权制度改革的成效和问题,以及集体林权制度改革新格局构建的系统思维,“创新引领、科学先行”和“尊重农民意愿、保护农民权益”的原则,从为推进乡村振兴赋能助力、为推进共同富裕筑好平台以及为推进生态文明建设再立新功3个维度探讨了集体林权制度改革新格局构建的路径。

乡村振兴视域下的廊坊市农村集体经济产业模式发展研究

分析了农村集体经济在实现乡村振兴战略中扮演着的至关重要的角色。河北省廊坊市政府根据全市农村实际情况制定了农村集体经济发展规划,通过强化党建引领、优化资源配置,打造乡村振兴连片示范区等措施,致力于发展壮大廊坊市农村集体经济并取得突出成效。对廊坊市的各项信息进行处理和提炼,总结出廊坊市农村集体经济产业发展所呈现的“六种模式”,包括资源整合、文创旅游、品牌打造、股份合作、承包租赁以及资源开发。同时,探讨了集体经济成功发展的因素,总结了经验启示,旨在为其他地区农村集体经济发展提供一些参考。

论刑事电子数据取证制度新发展——兼评《公安机关办理刑事案件电子数据取证规则》

刑事电子数据取证经历了从无到有、从不完善到逐渐完善的发展过程。而以《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》《关于办理刑事案件收集提取和审查判断电子数据若干问题的规定》与《公安机关办理刑事案件电子数据取证规则》为代表的法律文件将刑事电子数据取证制度推向新的发展阶段。上述法律规范性文件在厘定刑事电子数据取证基本概念、细化取证程序规则基础上,初步构建起刑事电子数据取证规则体系。上述法律规范并未明确取证行为与侦查行为、电子数据载体与电子数据、境外取证与境内取证之间的关系,难以有效协调惩罚犯罪与保障人权之间的冲突。未来立法有必要将刑事电子数据取证行为纳入侦查行为范畴,并以电子数据载体与电子数据区分为标准构建二元化的搜查、扣押取证规则。同时,在尊重电子数据技术性特征的基础上,突出取证主体的专业技能,明确取证范围,细化取证程序,协调境外与境内电子数据取证关系,进一步完善刑事电子数据取证体系。