Gastropods,a mollusk class including slugs and snails,represent an extraordinarily diverse and ecologically significant group of organisms featuring the largest class of invertebrates.They can be classified as aquatic...Gastropods,a mollusk class including slugs and snails,represent an extraordinarily diverse and ecologically significant group of organisms featuring the largest class of invertebrates.They can be classified as aquatic and terrestrial animals having coiled shells,although some species have reduced or absent shells.Their unique body structure includes a muscular foot for locomotion,a visceral mass containing essential organs,and a distinct head region with sensory organs such as tentacles and eyes.They are used to secrete a complex mixture of glycoproteins,enzymes,peptides,mucus and other bioactive compounds,namely slime,which represents a tool to allow locomotion,protection,and interaction within different habitats.The biological activities of the slime have attracted considerable interest due to their diverse and potentially valuable properties ranging from defense mechanisms to potential therapeutic applications in wound healing,antimicrobial therapy,management of inflammation,and neurological disorders.This review aims at exploring the beneficial effects of snail and slug slime focusing,in particular,on the improvement of the biological processes underlying them.Continued exploration of the intricate components of these slimy secretions promises to discover new bioactive molecules with diverse applications in various scientific and industrial fields.展开更多
【目的】观察苦瓜皂苷G对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠的治疗作用及机制。【方法】从55只大鼠中随机抽取45只采用一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)法诱导DN模型。将造模成功的38只大鼠随机分为模型组9只、苦瓜皂苷G低剂量组9只、苦瓜皂苷G中剂量组1...【目的】观察苦瓜皂苷G对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠的治疗作用及机制。【方法】从55只大鼠中随机抽取45只采用一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)法诱导DN模型。将造模成功的38只大鼠随机分为模型组9只、苦瓜皂苷G低剂量组9只、苦瓜皂苷G中剂量组10只、苦瓜皂苷G高剂量组10只。剩余10只大鼠设为正常组。对应灌胃给药4周后,酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)检测大鼠24 h尿蛋白水平,血糖仪检测空腹血糖(FBG),全自动生化分析仪检测血肌酐(SCr)、血尿素氮(BUN)水平,苏木素-伊红染色(HE)法观察大鼠肾组织病理学变化,采用实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)和Western Blot法分别检测E-钙黏蛋白(E-cad)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、Notch1、锌指蛋白转录因子1(Snail1)、Jagged1 m RNA及蛋白表达情况。【结果】与正常组比较,模型组24 h尿蛋白、FBG、血清SCr和BUN水平及肾组织α-SMA、Notch1、Snail1、Jagged1 mRNA及蛋白水平显著升高,肾组织E-cad m RNA及蛋白水平降低,肾组织可见肾小球萎缩、肾小管扩张及间质纤维化;与模型组比较,苦瓜皂苷G低、中、高剂量组24 h尿蛋白、FBG、血清SCr和BUN水平及肾组织α-SMA、Notch1、Snail1、Jagged1 mRNA及蛋白水平显著降低,肾组织E-cad m RNA及蛋白水平升高,肾组织病理损伤得到改善。【结论】苦瓜皂苷G可有效改善DN大鼠肾功能障碍、减轻肾脏纤维化,其机制可能与通过调控Notch/Snail1信号通路,抑制α-SMA和Jagged1 mRNA及蛋白表达,增强E-cad mRNA及蛋白表达有关。展开更多
目的:转录因子Snail能够抑制E-cadherin(E-cad)的表达促进上皮间质转化(Epithelial to mesenchymal transition,EMT),从而促进肿瘤侵袭与转移。本研究通过检测Snail及E-cad在结直肠癌组织、癌旁组织及结肠癌SW480细胞中的表达,探讨Snai...目的:转录因子Snail能够抑制E-cadherin(E-cad)的表达促进上皮间质转化(Epithelial to mesenchymal transition,EMT),从而促进肿瘤侵袭与转移。本研究通过检测Snail及E-cad在结直肠癌组织、癌旁组织及结肠癌SW480细胞中的表达,探讨Snail调控EMT在结直肠癌侵袭、转移方面的作用及意义。方法:免疫组化检测40例结直肠癌组织及癌旁组织中Snail、E-cad的表达情况s;iRNA干扰Snail基因后将结肠癌SW480细胞分为对照组、空质粒组及siRNA-Snail转染组,RT-PCR分别检测各组结肠癌SW480细胞Snail、E-cad mRNA表达;Transwell小室基质侵袭实验和异质粘附实验分别检测各组结肠癌细胞侵袭与异质粘附能力。结果:结直肠癌组织细胞中Snail、E-cad阳性表达率分别为57.5%、27.5%,癌旁组织细胞10%、80%;2种蛋白在结直肠癌组织细胞和癌旁组织细胞中的表达差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),均与结直肠癌组织的分化程度及淋巴结转移具有相关性(P<0.05),而与性别、年龄无相关性(P>0.05),且二者的表达呈负相关(P<0.05);RT-PCR结果显示,与对照组相比,Snail、E-cad mRNA表达在空质粒组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而转染组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);基质侵袭实验和异质粘附实验结果显示,与对照组相比,转染组结肠癌细胞侵袭力和异质粘附力降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而空质粒组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:Snail调控EMT与结直肠癌的侵袭和转移密切相关,Snail、E-cad可以作为判断结直肠癌侵袭和转移的指标。展开更多
基金FAR 2020,2021 Cataldi,FAR 2020,2021 Zara and also supported by MUR National Innovation Ecosystem-Recovery and Resilience Plan(PNRR)Italy。
文摘Gastropods,a mollusk class including slugs and snails,represent an extraordinarily diverse and ecologically significant group of organisms featuring the largest class of invertebrates.They can be classified as aquatic and terrestrial animals having coiled shells,although some species have reduced or absent shells.Their unique body structure includes a muscular foot for locomotion,a visceral mass containing essential organs,and a distinct head region with sensory organs such as tentacles and eyes.They are used to secrete a complex mixture of glycoproteins,enzymes,peptides,mucus and other bioactive compounds,namely slime,which represents a tool to allow locomotion,protection,and interaction within different habitats.The biological activities of the slime have attracted considerable interest due to their diverse and potentially valuable properties ranging from defense mechanisms to potential therapeutic applications in wound healing,antimicrobial therapy,management of inflammation,and neurological disorders.This review aims at exploring the beneficial effects of snail and slug slime focusing,in particular,on the improvement of the biological processes underlying them.Continued exploration of the intricate components of these slimy secretions promises to discover new bioactive molecules with diverse applications in various scientific and industrial fields.
文摘【目的】观察苦瓜皂苷G对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠的治疗作用及机制。【方法】从55只大鼠中随机抽取45只采用一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)法诱导DN模型。将造模成功的38只大鼠随机分为模型组9只、苦瓜皂苷G低剂量组9只、苦瓜皂苷G中剂量组10只、苦瓜皂苷G高剂量组10只。剩余10只大鼠设为正常组。对应灌胃给药4周后,酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)检测大鼠24 h尿蛋白水平,血糖仪检测空腹血糖(FBG),全自动生化分析仪检测血肌酐(SCr)、血尿素氮(BUN)水平,苏木素-伊红染色(HE)法观察大鼠肾组织病理学变化,采用实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)和Western Blot法分别检测E-钙黏蛋白(E-cad)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、Notch1、锌指蛋白转录因子1(Snail1)、Jagged1 m RNA及蛋白表达情况。【结果】与正常组比较,模型组24 h尿蛋白、FBG、血清SCr和BUN水平及肾组织α-SMA、Notch1、Snail1、Jagged1 mRNA及蛋白水平显著升高,肾组织E-cad m RNA及蛋白水平降低,肾组织可见肾小球萎缩、肾小管扩张及间质纤维化;与模型组比较,苦瓜皂苷G低、中、高剂量组24 h尿蛋白、FBG、血清SCr和BUN水平及肾组织α-SMA、Notch1、Snail1、Jagged1 mRNA及蛋白水平显著降低,肾组织E-cad m RNA及蛋白水平升高,肾组织病理损伤得到改善。【结论】苦瓜皂苷G可有效改善DN大鼠肾功能障碍、减轻肾脏纤维化,其机制可能与通过调控Notch/Snail1信号通路,抑制α-SMA和Jagged1 mRNA及蛋白表达,增强E-cad mRNA及蛋白表达有关。