Brandisia is a shrubby genus of about eight species distributed basically in East Asian evergreen broadleaved forests(EBLFs),with distribution centers in the karst regions of Yunnan,Guizhou,and Guangxi in southwestern...Brandisia is a shrubby genus of about eight species distributed basically in East Asian evergreen broadleaved forests(EBLFs),with distribution centers in the karst regions of Yunnan,Guizhou,and Guangxi in southwestern China.Based on the hemiparasitic and more or less liana habits of this genus,we hypothesized that its evolution and distribution were shaped by the development of EBLFs there.To test our hypothesis,the most comprehensive phylogenies of Brandisia hitherto were constructed based on plastome and nuclear loci(nrDNA,PHYA and PHYB);then divergence time and ancestral areas were inferred using the combined nuclear loci dataset.Phylogenetic analyses reconfirmed that Brandisia is a member of Orobanchaceae,with unstable placements caused by nuclear-plastid incongruences.Within Brandisia,three major clades were well supported,corresponding to the three subgenera based on morphology.Brandisia was inferred to have originated in the early Oligocene(32.69 Mya)in the Eastern Himalayas-SW China,followed by diversification in the early Miocene(19.45 Mya)in karst EBLFs.The differentiation dates of Brandisia were consistent with the origin of keystone species of EBLFs in this region(e.g.,Fagaceae,Lauraceae,Theaceae,and Magnoliaceae)and the colonization of other characteristic groups(e.g.,Gesneriaceae and Mahonia).These findings indicate that the distribution and evolution of Brandisia were facilitated by the rise of the karst EBLFs in East Asia.In addition,the woody and parasitic habits,and pollination characteristics of Brandisia may also be the important factors affecting its speciation and dispersal.展开更多
基金funded by the Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1802232)the national youth talent support program+2 种基金CAS"Light of West China"ProgramYunnan youth talent support program(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-183 to Y.N.)Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology(UQDTCB.06/22-23)。
文摘Brandisia is a shrubby genus of about eight species distributed basically in East Asian evergreen broadleaved forests(EBLFs),with distribution centers in the karst regions of Yunnan,Guizhou,and Guangxi in southwestern China.Based on the hemiparasitic and more or less liana habits of this genus,we hypothesized that its evolution and distribution were shaped by the development of EBLFs there.To test our hypothesis,the most comprehensive phylogenies of Brandisia hitherto were constructed based on plastome and nuclear loci(nrDNA,PHYA and PHYB);then divergence time and ancestral areas were inferred using the combined nuclear loci dataset.Phylogenetic analyses reconfirmed that Brandisia is a member of Orobanchaceae,with unstable placements caused by nuclear-plastid incongruences.Within Brandisia,three major clades were well supported,corresponding to the three subgenera based on morphology.Brandisia was inferred to have originated in the early Oligocene(32.69 Mya)in the Eastern Himalayas-SW China,followed by diversification in the early Miocene(19.45 Mya)in karst EBLFs.The differentiation dates of Brandisia were consistent with the origin of keystone species of EBLFs in this region(e.g.,Fagaceae,Lauraceae,Theaceae,and Magnoliaceae)and the colonization of other characteristic groups(e.g.,Gesneriaceae and Mahonia).These findings indicate that the distribution and evolution of Brandisia were facilitated by the rise of the karst EBLFs in East Asia.In addition,the woody and parasitic habits,and pollination characteristics of Brandisia may also be the important factors affecting its speciation and dispersal.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Basic Project of China(2015FY210200)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(QYZDY-SWW-SMC011)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31988102).
