全程护理配合在超声内镜引导下细针穿刺活检术中的分析

目的分析全程护理配合在超声内镜引导下细针穿刺活检术中的应用效果。方法选取在我院行超声内镜引导下细针穿刺活检术的患者60例作为本次的研究对象,收治时间为2016年2月—2017年1月,将其依据单双号分组的方式平均分为对照组(单号)、观察组(双号),各30例,对照组行常规护理,观察组行全程护理,并将两组的并发症发生率及护理满意率进行对比。结果观察组患者的并发症发生率为6.67%,护理满意度为96.67%,与对照组数据相比,优于对照组,P <0.05。结论全程护理配合在超声内镜引导下细针穿刺活检术中的应用效果显著。

Endoscopic ultrasonography for gastric submucosal lesions

Gastric submucosal tumors(SMTs) are a rather frequent finding,occurring in about 0.36%of routine upper GIendoscopies.Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) has emerged as a reliable investigative procedure for evaluation of these lesions.Diagnostic EUS has the ability to differentiate intramural tumors from extraluminal compressions and can also show the layer of origin of gastric SMTs.Tumors can be further characterized by their layer of origin,echo pattern and margin.EUS-risk criteria of their malignant potential are presented,although the emergence of EUS-FNA has opened new indications for transmural tissue diagnosis and expanded the possibilities of EUS in SMTs of the stomach.Tissue diagnosis should address whether the SMT is a Gastrointestinal stromal tumour(GIST) or another tumor type and evaluate the malignant potential of a given GIST.However,there seems to be a lack of data on the optimal strategy in SMTs suspected to be GISTs with a negative EUS-FNA tissue diagnosis.The current management strategies,as well as open questions regarding their treatment are also presented.

Diagnosis of pancreatic tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography

Pancreatic tumors are highly diverse, as they can be solid or cystic, and benign or malignant. Since their imaging features overlap considerably, it is often difficult to characterize these tumors. In addition, small pancreatic tumors, especially those less than 2 cm in diameter, are difficult to detect and diagnose. For characterizing pancreatic tumors and detecting small pancreatic tumors, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is the most sensitive of the imaging procedures currently available. This technique also provides good results in terms of the preoperative staging of pancreatic tumors. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has also proved to be a safe and useful method for tissue sampling of pancreatic tumors. Despite these advantages, however, it is still difficult to differentiate between be-nign and malignant, solid or cystic pancreatic tumors, malignant neoplasms, and chronic pancreatitis using EUS, even when EUS-FNA is performed. Recently, contrast-enhanced EUS with Doppler mode (CE-EUS) employing ultrasound contrast agents, which indicate vascularization in pancreatic lesions, has been found to be useful in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic tumors, especially small pancreatic tumors. However, Doppler ultrasonography with contrast-enhancement has several limitations, including blooming artifacts, poor spatial resolution, and low sensitivity to slow flow. Consequently, an echoendoscope was developed recently that has a broad-band transducer and an imaging mode that was designed specifically for contrastenhanced harmonic EUS (CEH-EUS) with a secondgeneration ultrasound contrast agent. The CEH-EUS technique is expected to improve the differential diagnosis of pancreatic disease in the future. This review describes the EUS appearances of common solid and cystic pancreatic masses, the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA, and the relative efficacies and advantages of CE-EUS and CEH-EUS along with their relative advantages and their complementary roles in clinical practice.

分析甲状腺实性结节诊断中超声引导下细针吸取活检的应用价值

目的:探讨超声引导下细针吸取活检应用于甲状腺实性结节诊断中的临床价值。方法:62例患者均经超声检查发现甲状腺实性结节,将此检查结果与术后病理诊断结果做统计学分析。结果:62例甲状腺实性结节患者经术前超声引导下细针吸取活检诊断甲状腺实性结节与术后病理切片检查结果对比P>0.05,术前超声引导下细针吸取活检对甲状腺实性结节诊断的敏感性为80.00%、特异性为96.49%。结论:利用术前超声引导下细针吸取活检诊断甲状腺实性结节敏感性、特异性均较高,有利于为临床医生诊治甲状腺结节疾病提供可靠依据。