The optochin susceptibility test is a key method for differentiating Streptococcus pneumoniae from other α-hemolytic streptococci;however, optochin-resistant (Optr) S. pneumoniae have been reported in the last two de...The optochin susceptibility test is a key method for differentiating Streptococcus pneumoniae from other α-hemolytic streptococci;however, optochin-resistant (Optr) S. pneumoniae have been reported in the last two decades. In this study, we investigated the isolation frequency of Optr S. pneumoniae in the North Kyushu area of Japan, and biochemically and genetically characterized Optr S. pneumoniae clinical isolates. Seven (0.68%) out of 1032 S. pneumoniae isolates collected by the North Fukuoka Infectious Diseases Working Group were found to be Optr S. pneumoniae. Resistant strains had MICs of optochin 2- to 64- fold higher than susceptible strains, possessed different antimicrobial resistance profiles, and belonged to different serotypes. All the seven Optr isolates had mutations in the nucleotide sequence code for subunit c of F0F1 ATPase. Three isolates had mutations in codon 48 (deduced amino acid substitution of valine with phenylalanine) and two isolates had mutations in codon 49 (substitution of alanine with threonine or serine). Of the remaining two isolates, one had mutation in codon 50 (substitution of phenylalanine with leucine) and the other had mutation in codon 44 (substitution of methionine with isoleucine, which was a novel mutation in this position). From these results, we identified the mutation in the H+-ATPase subunit c gene (atpC) of S. pneumoniae, which was not recognized earlier, and determined that Opt resistance among Japanese pneumococcal isolates is not related to a specific pneumococcal serotype or antimicrobial resistance profile. Furthermore, the results indicate that when α-hemolytic streptococci resistant to optochin are isolated from patients with invasive infectious diseases, such as meningitis and pneumonia, we should perform additional examinations such as bile solubility tests or PCR assays before confirming isolates as viridans streptococci. This is the first report of the characterization of Optr S. pneumoniae in Japan.展开更多
Objective:The rehospitalization rate of children<5 years old with pneumonia is still high.The risk of hospitalization becomes higher in mothers with low knowledge of their child’s disease.The purpose of this study...Objective:The rehospitalization rate of children<5 years old with pneumonia is still high.The risk of hospitalization becomes higher in mothers with low knowledge of their child’s disease.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of post-health-education maternal knowledge in cases of rehospitalization and to determine the differences in rehospitalization rate based on the type of health education media.Methods:This study is a quasi-experiment.Health education was given to both groups:one group received education through audiovisual media and the other group through leaflet media.The level of post-health-education knowledge was measured on the third day,then followed up until the 30th day after the patient was discharged from the hospital.Results:Post-health-education knowledge significantly reduced the cases of rehospitalization in both groups.However,the rehospitalization rate in the audiovisual group was lower than in the leaflet group(P=0.047,odds ratio=5.870).Conclusions:Post-health-education knowledge is effective in reducing the risk of rehospitalization,and health education using audiovisual media is more effective,compared to health education using leaflets,in reducing the cases of rehospitalization in children<5 years of age with pneumonia.展开更多
The diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in severe pneumonia is difficult and the prognosis is poor. Its outcome is closely related to bacterial pathogenicity and the timeliness and pertinence of antibiotic treatment. The...The diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in severe pneumonia is difficult and the prognosis is poor. Its outcome is closely related to bacterial pathogenicity and the timeliness and pertinence of antibiotic treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis is of great significance to the prognosis of patients. Sputum examination and culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pathogens of severe pneumonia. However, due to the long time of bacterial culture, the early use of antibiotics, the change of bacteria species, mixed infection and other problems, the results of bacterial culture in sputum are often false negative. With the continuous application of new molecular biology techniques in clinical detection, the classification of bacteria and microorganisms has deepened from the identification of phenotypic characteristics to the classification of gene characteristics. Sequencing analysis with 16S rDNA sequencing technology has the characteristics of high sequencing flux, large amount of data obtained, short cycle, and can more comprehensively reflect the species composition of microbial community, real species distribution and abundance information. In this paper, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial population composition in the sputum of severe pneumonia, and to explore a new method of etiological diagnosis.展开更多
<b>Objective:</b> 120 patients with severe pneumonia who were kept in the comprehensive ICU of our hospital in 2018 were selected, and 16s rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the composition of pathog...<b>Objective:</b> 120 patients with severe pneumonia who were kept in the comprehensive ICU of our hospital in 2018 were selected, and 16s rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the composition of pathogenic bacteria in the sputum of severe pneumonia. <b>Methods:</b> The sputum samples of patients with severe bacterial pneumonia were collected, and the diversity of pathogens in the samples was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and high-throughput sequencing (16s rDNA PCR-DGGE). <b>Results:</b> Sequence showed that sputum samples contained a relatively large number of species, and there were many species that were not detected by sequencing. The dominant bacteria were <i>Streptococcus, Sphingomonas, Corynebacterium, Denatobacteria, Aquobacteria, Acinetobacteria, Prevotella, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas</i>, etc. <b>Conclusion:</b> Bacteria caused by sputum of severe bacterial pneumonia are complex and diverse, which provides new methods and ideas for individualized treatment of patients with severe pneumonia.展开更多
We report a 9-year-old Japanese girl who presented with muscle weakness and elevated serum levels of muscle-derived enzymes following mycoplasma infection. Rhabdomyolysis or myositis was suggested by magnetic resonanc...We report a 9-year-old Japanese girl who presented with muscle weakness and elevated serum levels of muscle-derived enzymes following mycoplasma infection. Rhabdomyolysis or myositis was suggested by magnetic resonance imaging and repeated four times within 4 years. Each episode developed following respiratory infection and spontaneously recovered. The diagnosis of Sjogren’s syndrome was made by decreased salivary secretion, MR sialography, lip biopsy, and positive anti-SSA/Ro antibody. Given the rarity of rhabdomyolysis/myositis, recurrent episode could be induced by infectious disease on the basis of underlying Sjogren’s syndrome. Conclusion: Sjogren’s syndrome should be considered as an underlying disease of recurrent infection-induced rhabdomyolysis/ myositis.展开更多
文摘The optochin susceptibility test is a key method for differentiating Streptococcus pneumoniae from other α-hemolytic streptococci;however, optochin-resistant (Optr) S. pneumoniae have been reported in the last two decades. In this study, we investigated the isolation frequency of Optr S. pneumoniae in the North Kyushu area of Japan, and biochemically and genetically characterized Optr S. pneumoniae clinical isolates. Seven (0.68%) out of 1032 S. pneumoniae isolates collected by the North Fukuoka Infectious Diseases Working Group were found to be Optr S. pneumoniae. Resistant strains had MICs of optochin 2- to 64- fold higher than susceptible strains, possessed different antimicrobial resistance profiles, and belonged to different serotypes. All the seven Optr isolates had mutations in the nucleotide sequence code for subunit c of F0F1 ATPase. Three isolates had mutations in codon 48 (deduced amino acid substitution of valine with phenylalanine) and two isolates had mutations in codon 49 (substitution of alanine with threonine or serine). Of the remaining two isolates, one had mutation in codon 50 (substitution of phenylalanine with leucine) and the other had mutation in codon 44 (substitution of methionine with isoleucine, which was a novel mutation in this position). From these results, we identified the mutation in the H+-ATPase subunit c gene (atpC) of S. pneumoniae, which was not recognized earlier, and determined that Opt resistance among Japanese pneumococcal isolates is not related to a specific pneumococcal serotype or antimicrobial resistance profile. Furthermore, the results indicate that when α-hemolytic streptococci resistant to optochin are isolated from patients with invasive infectious diseases, such as meningitis and pneumonia, we should perform additional examinations such as bile solubility tests or PCR assays before confirming isolates as viridans streptococci. This is the first report of the characterization of Optr S. pneumoniae in Japan.
基金supported by Hibah PITTA (Grant A 2019)funded by DRPM Universitas Indonesia (No. NKB-0346/UN2.R3.1/HKP.05.00/2019)
文摘Objective:The rehospitalization rate of children<5 years old with pneumonia is still high.The risk of hospitalization becomes higher in mothers with low knowledge of their child’s disease.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of post-health-education maternal knowledge in cases of rehospitalization and to determine the differences in rehospitalization rate based on the type of health education media.Methods:This study is a quasi-experiment.Health education was given to both groups:one group received education through audiovisual media and the other group through leaflet media.The level of post-health-education knowledge was measured on the third day,then followed up until the 30th day after the patient was discharged from the hospital.Results:Post-health-education knowledge significantly reduced the cases of rehospitalization in both groups.However,the rehospitalization rate in the audiovisual group was lower than in the leaflet group(P=0.047,odds ratio=5.870).Conclusions:Post-health-education knowledge is effective in reducing the risk of rehospitalization,and health education using audiovisual media is more effective,compared to health education using leaflets,in reducing the cases of rehospitalization in children<5 years of age with pneumonia.
文摘The diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria in severe pneumonia is difficult and the prognosis is poor. Its outcome is closely related to bacterial pathogenicity and the timeliness and pertinence of antibiotic treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis is of great significance to the prognosis of patients. Sputum examination and culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pathogens of severe pneumonia. However, due to the long time of bacterial culture, the early use of antibiotics, the change of bacteria species, mixed infection and other problems, the results of bacterial culture in sputum are often false negative. With the continuous application of new molecular biology techniques in clinical detection, the classification of bacteria and microorganisms has deepened from the identification of phenotypic characteristics to the classification of gene characteristics. Sequencing analysis with 16S rDNA sequencing technology has the characteristics of high sequencing flux, large amount of data obtained, short cycle, and can more comprehensively reflect the species composition of microbial community, real species distribution and abundance information. In this paper, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial population composition in the sputum of severe pneumonia, and to explore a new method of etiological diagnosis.
文摘<b>Objective:</b> 120 patients with severe pneumonia who were kept in the comprehensive ICU of our hospital in 2018 were selected, and 16s rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the composition of pathogenic bacteria in the sputum of severe pneumonia. <b>Methods:</b> The sputum samples of patients with severe bacterial pneumonia were collected, and the diversity of pathogens in the samples was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and high-throughput sequencing (16s rDNA PCR-DGGE). <b>Results:</b> Sequence showed that sputum samples contained a relatively large number of species, and there were many species that were not detected by sequencing. The dominant bacteria were <i>Streptococcus, Sphingomonas, Corynebacterium, Denatobacteria, Aquobacteria, Acinetobacteria, Prevotella, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas</i>, etc. <b>Conclusion:</b> Bacteria caused by sputum of severe bacterial pneumonia are complex and diverse, which provides new methods and ideas for individualized treatment of patients with severe pneumonia.
文摘We report a 9-year-old Japanese girl who presented with muscle weakness and elevated serum levels of muscle-derived enzymes following mycoplasma infection. Rhabdomyolysis or myositis was suggested by magnetic resonance imaging and repeated four times within 4 years. Each episode developed following respiratory infection and spontaneously recovered. The diagnosis of Sjogren’s syndrome was made by decreased salivary secretion, MR sialography, lip biopsy, and positive anti-SSA/Ro antibody. Given the rarity of rhabdomyolysis/myositis, recurrent episode could be induced by infectious disease on the basis of underlying Sjogren’s syndrome. Conclusion: Sjogren’s syndrome should be considered as an underlying disease of recurrent infection-induced rhabdomyolysis/ myositis.
