Effects of Whole-plant Corn Silage and Whole-plant Wheat Silage on Growth Performance and Economic Benefits of Beef Cattle

[Objectives]This study was conducted to study the effects of whole-plant corn silage and whole-plant wheat silage on growth performance and economic benefits of beef cattle.[Methods]Thirty Simmental crossbred cattle were selected and randomly divided based on their weight into two groups,15 cows in each group,with an average weight of 398 kg.Each group was fed the same concentrated feed,and the whole-plant corn silage and wheat silage were fed as roughage feed,respectively.The experimental period was 90 d.[Results](1)There was no significant difference in the initial weight of beef cattle between test group 1 and test group 2(P>0.05).Compared with group 2,group 1 had a higher final weight,average daily gain,and dry matter intake of beef cattle,without significant differences(P>0.05).Group 1 was 0.58%,1.99%,and 1.43%higher than group 2,respectively.The feed-to-gain ratio of test group 1 decreased by 0.54%compared with test group 2(P>0.05),with no significant difference therebetween.(2)The economic benefit of group 1 was 11.45 yuan/(day·capita),while the economic benefit of group 2 was 2.41 yuan/(day·capita),and group 1 was 9.04 yuan/(day·capita)higher than group 2.[Conclusions]Whole-plant corn silage for feeding beef cattle has the advantages of good weight gain and low breeding cost,and can be popularized in beef cattle fattening.

Impacts of Climate Change on Economic Performance of Tilapia Pond Operations in Minalin, Pampanga: A Case of Intensive Large-Scale Pond Culture

Pampanga is the top tilapia-producing province in Philippines. One of its municipalities, Minalin, is considered as one of its major centers of production. This study aims to determine the impacts of climate change hazards on the economic performance of tilapia-intensive pond culture in Minalin, Pampanga considering the threats to the industry, livelihoods, and food security. Results revealed that the economic performance of tilapia pond operations using semi-intensive large-scale culture was affected by climate change, as reflected in the reduction of yield among tilapia pond operators. This makes intensive tilapia pond farming in Minalin still a viable venture but will now require more than a year to pay for investment (variable and fixed) costs if under climate change risks. The study recommends strengthening capacity building related to climate-smart tilapia farming technologies for pond operators and to implement appropriate technologies to address climate change risks.

Research on the Impact of Independent R&D and Collaborative Innovation on Economic Performance in China’s pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To study the impact of independent R&D and collaborative innovation on economic performance in the pharmaceutical industry.Methods A panel regression model was established by selecting the panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019.Results and Conclusion Independent R&D and collaborative innovation of the pharmaceutical industry in eastern,central and western regions of China had a positive effect on economic performance.Besides,the promotion effect of independent R&D was greater than that of collaborative innovation.The positive driving effect of economic performance is the largest among the three regions,followed by the central and western regions.The collaborative innovation has the greatest positive effect on economic performance in the central region,followed by the eastern and western regions.

Effect of interest rate on economic performance: evidence from Islamic and non-Islamic economies

Background:Saving and investment are two of the most important tools for economic growth.The interest rate has always been considered an important determinant of saving and investment.However,according to Islamic teachings,riba or earning interest on saving or investment is forbidden,and thus,many Muslims try to avoid earning income from the interest rate.Therefore,the aim of this study is to assess the effects of this religious guideline on the financial decisions of an Islamic country’s population and its impact on saving and investment.Methods:We applied the random effect and system generalized method of moments(GMM)model separately to data of 17 non-Islamic and 17 Islamic countries from 2005 to 2013.Results:The results suggest that people in Islamic countries are not concerned about the interest rate on saving,but in non-Islamic countries,the interest rate,per capita income,and inflation have significant positive impacts,and national expenditure has a significant negative impact on saving.However,in Islamic countries,remittances received and national expenditure have negative significant impacts,and per capita income has a positive significant impact on saving.In the case of investment,interest rate and inflation show a negative effect on investment while trade affects investment positively in both Islamic and non-Islamic countries.Furthermore,domestic credit provided by banks has a negative significant effect on investment in non-Islamic countries,while in Islamic countries,remittances show a positive significant impact on investment.Conclusions:The governments and policy makers of Islamic countries should not imitate the economic policies of non-Islamic countries because religious factors play an important role in the interest rate-saving relationship.Instead,they should increase per capita income by improving employment conditions and by reducing remittances received and national expenditure.Policies on saving should not allow earning interest.Furthermore,in order to increase investment,efforts should be made to lower the interest rate and inflation,and to enhance remittances received and trade.These policies will increase saving and investment in Islamic countries,ultimately resulting in improved economic growth.

Influence of Mango Feed-Based Diets on the Production and Economic Profitability of Montbeliarde Cows’ Milk at the End of Lactation in Burkina Faso

The study evaluated the effects of a diet incorporating a mango-based feed on the technical-economic performance of milk production of Montbeliard cows at the end of lactation in a dairy farm in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. To do so, 14 cows were subjected to 3 diets, including an experimental diet incorporating mango (ED) in comparison to a balanced control diet (BCD) and to the feeding practice of the farmer (FCD) during 60 days. Results show that the average amount of milk milked per day from ED (10.93 ± 0.17 L) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than BCD (8.80 ± 0.19 L) and RTA (5.39 ± 0.14 L). The conversion index of FPD (4.24 ± 0.14) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of BCD (1.75 ± 0.19) and ED (1.26 ± 0.16). Average feed costs per liter of milk (FC/L) were significantly different (p (125.95 ± 4.56 FCFA), BCD (83.67 ± 6.36 FCFA) and ED (60.06 ± 5.49 FCFA). The average gross profit margins (GPM) were significantly higher and decreasing (p ,953 ± 5031 FCFA), BCD (167,157 ± 5831 FCFA) and FCD (74,188 ± 4185 FCFA). Mango feed can be used in the diet of dairy cows. Its use contributes to the reduction of production costs and the generation of substantial profits. The valorization of mango residues is an alternative for a greater availability of feed at lower cost for the animals. It could contribute to a better management of processing residues that pollute the environment and to the reduction of fruit flies that affect orchard yields through reinfestation. The increased use of mango in dairy cattle feed should be encouraged.

Simulating the Impact of the Economic Sustainability Plan on the Performance of the Nigerian Economy in the Post COVID-19 Era

This study examines the impact of Economic Sustainability Plan (ESP) on the performance of the Nigerian economy as a national economic resilient policy in the post COVID-19 era within the framework of a macro-econometric model. The study is hinged on the Keynesian general theory of employment, income and interest. Annual time series data spanning from 1970 to 2019 for within sample forecast, and a six-year out-of-sample forecast spanning from 2020 to 2025 were used. The policy scenario of 21.3 percent increase in government expenditure under the ESP as a stimulus package was simulated and the findings showed that increase in government expenditure under the ESP in critical areas would bring about significant impact on the macroeconomic performance of the Nigerian economy, especially on employment, inflation, economic growth and balance of payment in the post COVID-19 era. Emergent from these findings, the study recommended among others that the government should mobilize resources to finance the ESP in order to stimulate the economy in the post COVID-19 era by ensuring prudential fiscal management of resources;and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should ensure that financial institutions saddled with the responsibility of disbursement of intervention funds reduce interest rate from 9 percent to 5 percent as reflected in the ESP.

Economic Performance of Textile Machinery Industry in China (1-2,2009)

China’s textile machinery industry saw a continued decline in total profit and a hefty slump in imports and exports in the first two months of 2009.

White-Paper Report:Textile Machinery Industry (2005-2009) Economic Performance in Chinese Textile Machinery Industry

This report is accomplished by China Textile Machinery and Accessories Association to be part of the Annual Report of China Textile Industry that comes out in the middle of the year.Given that all the official statistics are channeled to each industrial sector four times a year(March,May,Aug.Nov.) ,it comes as no surprise at all when an annual report is prepared at the beginning of the new year by taking eleven months into account because of the data availability from the government.This report of Chinese textile machinery industry is also based on the data attainable from Jan.to Nov.in 2009.

Economic Performance of Chinese Wool Textile Industry (1-9,2005)

Chinese wool textile industry kept devel- oping smoothly, though RMB was rising in value and textile trade conflicts took place in succession. The whole industry increased but wool fabric’s market share shrank. Manufacture rose compared with last year. For the first three quarters, manufac- ture of wool yarn and wool fabric went up 4.9% and 16.1%

BASF Issues First Report on Economic,Environmental,and Social Performance

Seven key indicators standardize and integrate transparency BASF, the world’s leading chemical company, will enhance its transparency in Greater China by reporting annually on seven key financial, social and environmental indicators: sales, number of employees,

Greening the Supply Chain: Drivers and Outcomes in the Korean Manufacturing Industry

This research investigates the determinants of green supply chain management(GSCM)adoption and its impact on organizational performance,while considering the potential moderating factors influencing GSCM adoption.Despite the growing prevalence of GSCM practices among Korean firms,the factors driving their adoption have not received sufficient attention.To bridge this gap,the study uses structural equation modeling,integrating stakeholder theory and resource-based theory to explore how green entrepreneurial orientation(GEO),institutional pressure,and relational capital affect GSCM adoption.Additionally,the study explores the effects of GSCM implementation on competi­tiveness and economic performance.Drawing data from a sample of 213 Korean manufacturing firms,the PLS-SEM analysis highlights the significant influence of GEO,institutional pressure,and relational capital on GSCM adoption.Additionally,the study emphasizes the positive impact of GSCM implementation on firm competitiveness.These find­ings provide valuable insights for enhancing sustainability in supply chain management and are applicable to similar context countries such as Taiwan,China,Japan,and the Netherlands.

The Impact of Lean Manufacturing Practices on Sustainability Performance:A Natural Resource-Based View

Drawing upon a Natural Resource-Based View(NRBV),this paper aims to propose a quantitative model that could be used to investigate whether Lean Manufacturing(LM)practices/tools can improve the three aspects of corporate sustainability performance(economic,environmental,and social).This paper is based on a theoretical study to develop a new model by reviewing the literature and proposing new ideas according to the Natural Resource-Based View(NRBV).Reviewing the literature showed that there is a significant association between LM practices/tools implementation and the improvement on three aspects of corporate sustainability performance(economic,environmental,and social).This paper provides insights to manufacturing managers about the ability of LM practices to reduce cost of operations and maximize the value provided to customers.Further,it highlighted the importance of LM practices implementation to manage organizations’activities responsibly in terms of their environmental,social,and economic effects.By proposing such a quantitative model according to a NRBV,this study contributes to a broader understanding of how LM practices affect three pillars of sustainability.

Local Government Debt, Factor Misallocation and Regional Economic Performance in China

This paper examines total factor efficiency and productivity performance by taking into account local government debt （LGD） in 31 Chinese provincial regions for the period 2000-2013. The results show that neglecting LGD may overstate economic performance in Chinese provinces. The eastern region shows better performance in single jactor efficiency and total factor efficiency than the non-eastern regions. The western region shows the worst total factor performance. The north-eastern region is the only region that has experienced a decline in total factor performance. The state-dominated, investment- driven development model may help technological progress across Chinese regions but could lead to significant factor misallocation. We argue that biases towards more state- dominated investment and land supply in less productive western, central and north- eastern regions, at the expense of investment and land supply in more productive eastern regions, have contributed to the recent slowdown in economic growth in China. Therefore, .further market-oriented reforms in factor markets should be considered in the future.

Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of HFC-134a production from natural gas compared with oil-based and coal-based production

China is the largest producer and consumer of HFC-134a(1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)in the world.Coal-based route is mainly adopted to produce HFC-134a,which suffers from large waste and CO_(2) emissions.Natural gas is a low-carbon and clean energy resource,and no research has been found on the environment and economy of producing HFC-134a from natural gas.In this study,CML 2001 method was used to carry out the life cycle assessment of natural gas(partial oxidation)-based and natural gas(plasma cracking)-based routes(abbreviated as gas(O)-based and gas(P)-based routes,respectively),and their environmental performances were compared with coal-based and oil-based routes.Meanwhile,considering that China is vigorously promoting the transformation of energy structure,and the application of electric heating equipment to replace fossil-based heating equipment in industrial field,which has a great impact on the environmental performance of the production processes,the authors conducted a scenario analysis.The results showed that the gas(O)-based route had the most favourable environmental benefits.However,the gas(P)-based route had the highest potential for reducing environmental burdens,and its environmental benefit was the most favourable in scenario 2050.Additionally,the economic performance of the gas(P)-based route was significantly better than that of gas(O)-based and coal-based routes.

Politics or the economy?Weak economic performance and political support in East and Southeast Asia

What are the effects of weak economic performance in East and Southeast Asia?In particular,does weak performance lead to citizens'dissatisfaction and,correspondingly,increase preference for stronger govermments who may achieve economic targets more quickly?Recent elections in less democratic nations and emergent democracies of East and Southeast Asia suggest growing support for political parties carries over from previous authorities.And,governments are harking back to policies of the past that emphasise economic performance over political development in order to motivate political support.However,few studies system-atically assess how weak economic performance affects citizens'political support.This paper addresses this neglect.Using public opinion surveys from the Asian Barometer,we track how eco-nomic performance affects political support over time in countries with a multiparty system.The results offer two useful insights.First,economic performance is robustly and positively related to government approval.Thus,strong economic performan'e corre sponds with strong support for government while weak performance yields weak support.Importantly,this finding is consistent with the large amount of literature on economic voting.Second,economic performance is not consistently related to democratic support;instead,political influence plays an intervening role in how economic performance affects democratic support.This underlines the significance of institution-building for political stability and political development in the region.Equally important,the results tie to the literature on political institutionalisation and democratic support.In conjunction,the results embrace East and Southeast Asia into the broader disciplinary research of motivation theory-building and empirical studies.

Measuring The Economic Performance of Enterprises From China,Poland,Bulgaria and North America by Data Envelopment Analysi

Recently several countries and district have been experiencing economic reforms which lead to very different results, among them China, Poland, Bulgaria and North America. It is necessary to inspect how the enterprise is running in these countries and what′s the difference between the enterprises from China and other countries. In this paper, an application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) for measuring and evaluating the economic operating efficiency of forty enterprises from four countries and district: China, Poland, Bulgaria and North America is presented. This non parametric method allows efficiency to be measured without having to specify either the form of the production function or the weights for the different inputs and outputs used. Furthermore, the correspondence evaluating results are analyzed.

The processes of financialisation and economic performance

The paper considers the relationships between financialisation and economic performance.Financialisation is a persistent feature of industrialised capitalism,the nature of which differs over time and space.The present era of financialisation(since circa 1980)has been a world-wide phenomenon proceeding from different starting points and developing at different speeds,and can be viewed through the lens of variegated financialisation.The major features of the present era of financialisation are outlined.The increased scale of the financial sector leads to the issue of the relationship between financialisation and economic performance,and whether the additional resources used in the financial sector have been socially beneficial.The paper is completed by some brief remarks on the possibilities of de-financialisation.

Comparison for ecological economic performance of Chinese sea perch(Lateolabrax Maculatus)under different aquaculture systems

Chinese sea perch(Lateolabrax Maculatus)is one of the main marine fish culture species in China,its green development has received increasing attention and its ecological economic study is rare.Based on field survey,this paper takes water pollution tax of China as conversion indicator for aquaculture eutrophication to simulate aquaculture waste fee for further analyzing the ecological impact of Chinese sea perch’s aquaculture.For data analysis,data envelopment analysis model has been used.The comparison for Chinese sea perch’s economic performance and ecological economic performance under its main aquaculture systems has been done.The results show that:1.The simulated waste fee has no significant impact for the comparison.2.Ranking for ecological economic performance’s ecological economic,technical and scale efficiency is as follow:pond farming,offshore cage culture and cage culture.3.Offshore cage culture is the only system presenting positive increase for ecological economic performance,which makes its aquaculture activity more sustainable than other systems.4.The key point of green development is to maximize the ecological economic efficiency of main aquaculture systems.Thus,offshore cage culture is the most sustainable aquaculture system among China’s current marine fish culture systems,and other systems need innovation for achieving the green development of China’s aquaculture.

Economics and Performance of 10 Gb/s Metro Transport Over Mixed Fiber Plant of G.655 NZDF and G.652.C Zero Water-Peak Fibers

Using lower-cost lasers, 30% savings are possible for 10-Gb/s uncompensated metro transmission over NZDF, compared to G.652 fiber. We present WDM transmission results for a mixed plant of NZDF rings interconnected to G.652.C-fiber access laterals.