Vital Nodes Evolution Study on Railway Network of Silk Road Economic Belt

In order to study the nodes importance and its evolution process of the railway network of SREB (Silk Road Economic Belt), we construct the network (RNSREB) based on Graph Theory, which focuses on the time intervals according to actually railway network, railway project under construction and the national railway network of medium-and long-term plan. The algorithms for vital nodes evaluation are analyzed, the evaluation method on nodes importance of RNSREB is proposed, the quantized values of each node are calculated with Pajek, and TOP20 core nodes of the network with different coefficients and time intervals are determined respectively. Then the evolution process of TOP20 critical nodes with 4 periods is contrasted and analyzed. It is indicated that some vital nodes newly discovered (Geermu, Maduo, Ruoqiang) should be concerned.

Virtualizing Network and Service Functions: Impact on ICT Transformation and Standardization

Virtualization of network/service functions means time sharing network/service（and affiliated）resources in a hyper speed manner.The concept of time sharing was popularized in the 1970s with mainframe computing.The same concept has recently resurfaced under the guise of cloud computing and virtualized computing.Although cloud computing was originally used in IT for server virtualization,the ICT industry is taking a new look at virtualization.This paradigm shift is shaking up the computing,storage,networking,and ser vice industries.The hope is that virtualizing and automating configuration and service management/orchestration will save both capes and opex for network transformation.A complimentary trend is the separation（over an open interface）of control and transmission.This is commonly referred to as software defined networking（SDN）.This paper reviews trends in network/service functions,efforts to standardize these functions,and required management and orchestration.

Analysis on Economic Resilience of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area:A Perspective from the Economic Connection Network

In the face of an increasingly complex and unstable external development environment,enhancing economic resilience has become a key task in the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.This paper analyzes the changes in the economic resilience of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and its constituent cities after the 2008 global financial crisis by virtue of the regional economic resilience assessment method proposed by Martin et al.It constructs an economic connection network for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area using the data from corporate headquarters and branches of A-share listed companies to analyze its impact on the economic resilience of the Area.The study reveals the three following conclusions.Firstly,the economic resilience of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area generally outperforms the national average level,seeing a rapid boost over the recent years and exceeding the level witnessed during the 2008 financial crisis.However,there are marked disparities in the economic resilience ofvarious cities within the Greater Bay Area,with Shenzhen,Guangzhou,and Dongguan emerging as the most robust in this regard.Secondly,the economic connection network has a positive impact on the economic resilience of the cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.Specifically,there is a positive correlation between a city's economic resilience and its centrality in the economic connectionnetwork.Suchcentrality exerts a positive spillover effect on the economic resilience of surrounding cities.Thirdly,from the perspective of industryspecific networks,circulation and service industry networks are more conducive to improving the economic resilience of a city.Given the significant role of the economic connection network in shaping regional and urban economic resilience,it is imperative for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to prioritize ensuring economic development security and enhancing economic resilience,promote the development of the economic connection network,and enhance the network centrality of its constituent cities.This can improve the economic resilience of itselfand its constituentcities inaneffective manner.

An economic tie network-structure analysis of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Changjiang River based on SNA

Due to its great strategic significance in integrating regional coordinated development and enhancing the rise of Central China, urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Changjiang （Yangtze） River has attracted much attention from both theoretical and practical aspects. Such research into the area＇s economic network structure is beneficial for the formation of an urban- and regional-development strategy. This paper constructs an economic tie model based on a modified gravitation model. Subsequently, referring to social network analysis, the paper empirically studies the network density, network centrality, subgroups and structural holes of the middle reaches of Changjiang River＇s urban agglomeration economic network. The findings are fourfold： （1） an economic network of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Changjiang River has been formed, and economic ties between the cities in this network are comparatively dense; （2） the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Changjiang River can be divided into four significant subgroups, with each subgroup having its own obvious economic communications, while there is less economic-behavioral heterogeneity among subgroups - this is especially true for the two subgroups that exist in the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone; （3） an economy pattern driven by the central cities of Wuhan, Changsha and Nanchang has emerged in the urban agglomeration of the middle reaches of Changjiang River, while these three capital cities have exerted great radiation abilities to their surrounding cities, the latter are less able to absorb resources from the former （4） the Wuhan Metropolitan Areas and the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone have more structural holes than the Ring of Changsha, Zhuzhou and the Xiangtan City Clusters, meaning that cities at the periphery of these two areas are easily constrained by central cities. The Ring of Changsha, Zhuzhou and the Xiangtan City Clusters have fewer structural holes; thus, the cities in this area will not face as many constraints as those in the other two areas.

基于公路客流的中国城市网络结构与空间组织模式（英文）

The use of multi-perspective and multi-scalar city networks has gradually developed into a range of critical approaches to understand spatial interactions and linkages. In particular, road linkages represent key characteristics of spatial dependence and distance decay, and are of great significance in depicting spatial relationships at the regional scale. Therefore, based on highway passenger flow data between prefecture-level administrative units, this paper attempted to identify the functional structures and regional impacts of city networks in China, and to further explore the spatial organization patterns of the existing functional regions, aiming to deepen our understanding of city network structures and to provide new cognitive perspectives for ongoing research. The research results lead to four key conclusions. First, city networks that are based on highway flows exhibit strong spatial dependence and hierarchical characteristics, to a large extent spatially coupled with the distributions of major megaregions in China. These phenomena are a reflection of spatial relationships at regional scales as well as core-periphery structure. Second, 19 communities that belong to an important type of spatial configuration are identified through community detection algorithm, and we suggest they are correspondingly urban economic regions within urban China. Their spatial metaphors include the administrative region economy, spatial spillover effects of megaregions, and core-periphery structure. Third, each community possesses a specific city network system and exhibits strong spatial dependence and various spatial organization patterns. Regional patterns have emerged as the result of multi-level, dynamic, and networked characteristics. Fourth, adopting a morphology-based perspective, the regional city network systems can be basically divided into monocentric, dual-nuclei, polycentric, and low-level equilibration spatial structures, while most are developing monocentrically.