At a Crossroad： The Human Imagination and Educating to Reality in Religious Education

There are many indications that prove that religious education, and the religious discourse to a large extent, have reached a critical crossroad. Demands for a non-religious common ground in society is having a strong impact on how conventional religious education is perceived. Further, the harsh criticism on the legitimacy of religious from humanistic and atheistic circles also points to the fact that religious education needs to be re-evaluated. The paper takes critical look at religion both as a historical and cultural phenomenon and as a construct of the human imagination. Based on this it aims at addressing the question： Can religious education be justified if the aim of education is to educate to reality？ The question will be answered by stating an argument that views religious education as an exercise in a healthy use of the human imagination as an intellectual reference, emotional nest, and the mind＇s eye. This argument will be analysed and debated and conclusion will be drawn.

Innovative Research on Funding and Educating People in Applied Colleges and Universities Under the Perspective of Labor Education

As an important part of the“Five Education,”labor education is a practical activity for cultivating labor values,labor skills,and labor spirit(also named craftsman spirit).This article points out the importance of integrating labor education into the process of“funding and educating people”in applied colleges and universities.It also explores the role of labor education as a starting point from the three aspects of labor values,labor skills,and labor spirit.It provides an innovative path for applied colleges to fund and educate people.

Educating Africa

AFRICA＇S population will account for 3.2 billion out of the projected 4-billion increase in the global population by the end of this century and its working-age population will increase by 2.1 billion over the same time frame.

Educating Survivors:The Traumatic Effects of Sexual Assault on Student Academic Achievement in Graduate Education

Many educational and trauma psychologists have studied the impacts that rape and sexual assault have on the well-being of undergraduate students.However,few have analyzed the traumatic impact such events have on students after their undergraduate careers.This work looks at how students respond immediately and the years following a rape situation as they encounter the academic demands of graduate level education.Based on a study I ran in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia,this work scrutinizes the academic achievement differences in these two groups.This analysis uses the constructs outlined by psychologists regarding the added academic expectations in graduate education and studies involving the responses undergraduate students have in the classroom after experiencing similar scenarios.This will show the huge lulling impact such trauma has on a graduate student.In so doing,this work illuminates the dramatic impact that trauma can have on a student’s mind and shows that no matter what level of higher education a student is encountering this trauma in,the effects on a student’s learning capacity are drastic.Moreover,this work outlines for educators the added challenges their students may face who are in similar situations.This article is dedicated to Dr.Paul Menzer and Dr.Kerry Cooke who proved to be the most understanding and caring educators I have experienced in my academic career.

A Secure Approach to Educating a Mobile World-Class Military —A Mobile Secure Concept for Accessing the Classroom from Around the World

The “Mobile Secure Role Base Access Control Device” (MS-Ro-BAC) Device and database is a single unit system with the ability to instantly connect to secure databases around the world through Low Earth Orbit Satellite (LEO) using VPN wired communications. The capabilities provided by the MS-Ro-BAC device would support the“Global War on Terrorism” and increase the security of US force and Department of Defense Personnel around the world. Information dissemination in an austere environment is the focus of this seminal research;combat forces and DoD personnel depend on timely strategic information before making life threatening decisions on the battle field. This manuscript provides the framework and a prototype to improve the information dissemination process in the modern day information scenario.

An empirical study of the new mode of educating people through the school-enterprise cooperation in private universities based on "Intemet+"

With the use of the MIntemet+" thinking, vigorously carry out the innovation of the school-enterprise cooperation mode, and improve and promote the quality of the school-enterprise cooperation, which is a major task faced by all kinds of the private colleges and universities. The school-enterprise cooperation, as a personnel training mode adapting to the development of the times, makes ftill use of the resources of universities and enterprises, which is of great significance to strengthen the mutually beneficial cooperation between schools and enterprises and to train the practical talents. However, problems such as the imperfect equipment of private colleges and universities, the inactive participation of the enterprises in the cooperation, and the lack of communication and exchange between the two sides, still exist. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the development of the national education and the social progress to put forward the improvement measures and accelerate the development of the efficient and mutually beneficial mode of the school-enterprise cooperation.

Educating Children in the Family Created in the Second Marriage in Today＇s Lithuania

Since the end of the twenty-first century, relationships in the family have been rapidly changing in Lithuania. The changes correspond to changes in the birth-rate. The former model of birth-rate which was characterized by the prevalence of legitimate children, child-bearing at a younger age and which ensured a change of generations, it was replaced by a new model characterized by having illegitimate children, the postponement of child-bearing, and low birth-rate, which does not ensure a change of generations. Although love relationships, marriage, and children are still considered to be the recognized values, these changes have affected the conception of child＇s education in the family and the perception of child as a value. It is therefore relevant to evaluate future spouses＇ preparation for a modern marriage and to constantly improve it. Such preparation is usually understood as young people＇s readiness far their first marriage. Readiness for the second marriage and child＇s education in the second family are no less important though still insufficiently explored empirically and theoretically generalized. This paper explores attitudes to child＇s education in the second marriage. The research was conducted inquiring people who wanted to create a family or establish long-term relationships. They were members of the online dating site ＂Harmonious Couple＂.

Research on Educating College Students’ Ecological Values from the Perspective of Marxist Ecological View

The Marxist ecological view suggests a dialectical relationship between humans and nature.Only by integrating the initiative of human beings with developing laws of the nature,can we achieve the harmonious coexistence and development of humans and nature.From the perspective of Marxist ecological view,colleges should strengthen the education of college students’ecological values and guide them to have a deeper command of the true nature of Marxist ecological view.The author explores and analyzes the Marxist ecological view,and come up with an effective strategy for teaching college students’ecological values under the Marxist ecological view,hoping to help college students develop correct ecological values.

School Culture Educating People: Realization Path and Action Mechanism

Culture is the core of education and the proper meaning of education. Exploring the realization path and function mechanism of school culture education is a major task for educators at present and in the future. Then, the current academic research started late, had few achievements and was relatively broad and weak. The article believes that the mechanism of school culture educating people includes three fields: “cultural field”, “cultivation field” and “education field”. School teachers and students should be guided to make cultural choices, consciously transform school culture into personal culture, and achieve the purpose of school culture educating people.

Factors Influencing the Professional Development of Engineering Students Under the"Pian for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers"

Purpose:This study investigates the role of the engineering education environment created by the implementation of the“Plan for Educating and Training Outstanding Engineers”(PETOE)on the professional capability development of engineering students from the perspective of students'experience.Design/Approach/Methods:This study uses data from the National Engineering Student Survey and multiple regression analysis to explore the role of institutional resources and support,teaching reforms,and interpersonal interaction on the professional development of engineering students.Findings:The opportunities for on-campus practical activities provided by the institution,content of the teachers'teaching,teaching methods,comprehensive coursework assessment,and interpersonal interactions contributed to the development of students'engineering competencies,with limited contributions from research-based teaching methods.Internship opportunities and international exchange environments were negatively associated with the development of engineering skills in an“unexpected”manner.OriginalityNalue:Focusing on students'experiences of engineering education reform,this study comprehensively evaluates the implementation of the reform measures adopted under PETOE.Furthermore,it assesses how corresponding changes in the general educational environment relate to students’professional capability development.Thus,this study addresses an important research gap in educational reformthe lack of domestic empirical studies in China.

Educating Teachers of“Chinese as a Local/Global Language”:Teaching“Chinese with Australian Characteristics”

How can the education of teacher-researchers from China be framed in ways so that they might make Chinese learnable for primary and secondary school learners for whom English is their everyday language of instruction and communication.The concept“making Chinese learnable”and the characters of the language learners are explained in the introduction to the paper.The review of an extensive range of literature focuses on the challenges facing Chinese language education.This review of literature from China,the UK,the USA,and Australia leads to a focus on the need for improved teacher education in this field.We explain the theoretic-pedagogical framework for the education of Chinese language teacher-researchers from China.The“case”employed to develop this account an Australia-China partnership called the Research Oriented,School/Industry Engaged Teacher-Researcher Education(ROSETE)Program.Key aspects relating to the educational research process employed in this study are explained.The description of the ROSETE Program introduces the key ideas of“cross-sociolinguistic similarities”and“recurring everyday sociolinguistic activities.”The Ningbo Volunteers,as teacher-researcher candidates use these ideas to investigate efficient ways of making Chinese learnable for learners in Australian schools for whom English is their everyday language of instruction and communication.Through exploring these issues this paper addresses an important and under researched area.It provides inspiration for further teaching and research.

Effect of gamification applications on success of dentistry students

BACKGROUND Gamification,the use of game materials in education,has been used in several scientific fields,and studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in student comprehension.AIM To evaluate whether the success of 4th-and 5th-grade dentistry students increases when using the gamification applications Kahoot!and Mentimeter.METHODS An experimental design was used to measure the effect of gamification applications on students who were taught using the traditional method.For this purpose,Mentimeter and Kahoot!applications were used in this experimental study.Three groups of 4th-and 5th-grade students were formed:Mentimeter,Kahoot!,and control groups.The effect of gamification applications on achievement was evaluated by administering a post-test to these groups after the instructional process.One-way analysis of variance and t-tests were used for statistical analyses.RESULTS A total of 35.5%of the students were in the Mentimeter group,29.8%in the Kahoot!group,and 34.6%in the control group.Of the total number of students,54.8%were female and 45.2%were male,while 52.2%were 5th-grade students and 47.8%were 4th-grade students.The overall grade point average was found to be 66.65(range,24-100).There was a statistically significant difference in average success scores between students of different groups(P=0.003<0.05)and grades(P=0.036<0.05).The average success score was the highest in the Mentimeter group(71.64)and the lowest in the Kahoot!group(62.15).In the control group,this score was 65.41.The average success score was higher for students in the 5thgrade(68.16)and for female students(68.84).CONCLUSION Gamification has a great potential in the education of dentomaxillofacial radiology students.Mentimeter outperformed both the Kahoot!and the traditional method in terms of average student success rates.

Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

The benefits of regular physical activity are well known.Yet,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary setting.To investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MSK)anatomy course material.These synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy instructor.The fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously covered.After the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MSK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental wellbeing.Thirty participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MSK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce stress.The majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social connectedness.Overall,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MSK course concepts.Along with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

“The City Is the Best Teacher”: A Review of the Educating City in Europe and China

The Athenians thought that a city, understood as a community made up of people with different needs and potential, had the primary task of educating its citizens, in order to favour their harmonious integration in the polis and their active participation in the polis’ life.From this cultural perspective, admirably synthesized by Plutarch through the expression 'the city is the best teacher,' we can trace the roots of the current concept of the educating city.This article aims to explore the various dimensions of the educating city concept, by demonstrating, how only cities that are able to activate different educational processes(formal and informal) can be authentic vehicles of social integration.In this direction, the city, on the one hand, can realize every person’s potential, abilities, and rights to the lifelong education;on the other hand, the city can promote the community identity itself, as well as the self-construction of the sense of community.This, also through innovative conceptual proposals for overcoming the relational and aesthetic poverty of the metropolis form of the contemporary city, fosters the perception of the city as a highly complex living organism.

The Joys and Sorrows of Educating Children

Different families have different views about educating children. But teaching methods reflect the economic and cultural level of society. As society develops, the traditional Chinese patriarchal method to educate children encounters many objections. However, when parents treat their children democratically, children are spoiled to different degrees and "Little Emperors" appear, which proves the patriarchal method still exists in disguised form.

Educating for Wholeness, but Beyond Competences: Challenges to Key-Competences- Based Education in China

Purpose:This article aims to conduct a critical analysis of key-competences-based education in China today by revealing three main challenges that Chinese educational practitioners,researchers,and policymakers might face.Design/Approach/Methods:Against the backdrop of international and Chinese policy and the practice of key-competences-based education,this article focuses on a critical discourse analysis of this educational movement in China.Findings:China places great emphasis on the personal,cultural,and moral dimensions in generating a framework of competences,paying considerable attention to the well-being of children;hence it currently endeavors to provide a consistent educational framework to educate the young for the all-round development.However,three challenges are salient:the dilemma between Core-Suyang(Core-Competence)and the education for all-round development of the young,the limitations of design of“subject core-competences,”and a lack of consideration of subjectification as purpose of education.Originality/Value:Education which merely focuses on a list of key-competences might not only exclude non-key-competences but also exclude something unforeseen and unknown in the process of educational adventure.It is therefore suggested that a holistic education needs to be engaged in with an encompassing and dynamic view of purpose(s)of education,in which the education for subjectification is at stake in our educational endeavor.

Collective Resources as a Precursor for Educating Children Toward a Sustainable Global World

Purpose:Preserving and caring for nature in a sustainable way has long been part of Swedish preschool practice.However,recently has it been explicitly referenced in the Swedish preschool curriculum with the goal of incorporating sustainability holistically and coherently in all areas of children’s daily preschool experiences through play,care,and education.Research has revealed a potential roadblock to achieving this goal;the difficulty connecting the three inextricably linked dimensions of sustainability:ecological,social-cultural,and economic.The purpose is to generate knowledge about preschool teachers’professional understanding of education for sustainable development(ESD)in early childhood education(ECE)by implementing and enhancing the operationalization of such work in four Swedish preschools.Design/Approach/Methods:The design of the study rests on the involvement of teachers in work where they created sustainability activities supported by the Environmental Rating Scale for Sustainable Development in Early Childhood(ERS-SDEC).The data consist of teachers’narratives and interviews,and a qualitative content analysis is used from which a number of themes emerged.Findings:The initial interviews foregrounded three themes:the value of collective resources,the wonders of nature,and a global world.At the end of the project,the teachers’expressions of their practice revealed three qualitatively transformed themes:broadened awareness of sustainability,ecology embracing culture,and expanded perspectives,as factors of ESD.Originality/Value:Teachers did increase their awareness of working with children and expressed a strength in using each other as collective resources.By that,their professional understandings of ESD in preschool developed.

Educating for Comprehensive Well-being

Purpose:Educational approaches that advocate“well-being,”the“whole child,”“social and emotional learning,”“character,”and the like emphasize human development beyond the acquisition of knowledge and skills.These approaches vary widely in their views of human nature,their visions of a good life,and their prescriptions for educational practice.This article maps out heterogeneous contemporary approaches to“well-being”and related constructs,thereby allowing researchers,educators,and policymakers to understand the divergent assumptions made by the proliferating approaches to education that go beyond academics.Design/Approach/Methods:This article presents results from a 2-year project,which included interviews with advocates of different approaches and review of key literature about eleven educational approaches to“well-being,”the“whole child,”“social and emotional learning,”“character,”and similar noncognitive ends.Findings:The article argues that any educational approach to“well-being”and related constructs must respond to four questions:whether humans are bundles of discrete competencies or integrated wholes,what the appropriate relation is between individuals and society,the relative importance of instrumental and intrinsic goals,and the importance of an overarching purpose for one’s life.The analysis reviews how eleven contemporary approaches address these four questions.Originality/Value:Despite the global proliferation of divergent approaches to“well-being,”the“whole child,”“social and emotional learning,”“character,”and related constructs in education,there are no comprehensive frameworks for understanding the alternatives and their key assumptions.This article organizes the globally proliferating educational movements that promote“well-being,”making sense of a confusing set of alternatives.We also argue that any comprehensive approach to education that goes beyond academics must consider the four questions that we identify.

Educating the children of migrants in China and the United States:a common challenge?

The education of the children of migrants is a policy issue of great importance in both China and the United States.While first generation migrants have generally completed their education in the place of origin,and some may return,their children will generally remain in the receiving place.Both pragmatic and moral considerations therefore require that schools equip them to participate fully in society as workers and citizens.This paper considers what we know about the education of children of low-skilled international labor migrants in the United States and the children of rural-urban migrants in China.It finds that although one migration flow is international and the other internal,the similar background characteristics of migrants create common challenges in both contexts;and the structure of both education systems serves to exacerbate underlying socio-economic inequalities.Residential segregation,unequal funding and formal and informal tracking processes concentrate migrant children in poor quality schools,resulting in low average levels of attainment and high drop-out rates.There are some obvious steps that could be taken in China to expand opportunities for migrant children,especially with regard to the transition to post-compulsory education,which is still constrained by their parents’household registration status(hukou).However,the experience of the United States shows that expanding access,while necessary,is not sufficient to level the playing field.To do this,targeted investments must be made to meet the specific educational needs of migrant children.

Virtual reality for preoperative patient education: Impact on satisfaction, usability, and burnout from the perspective of new nurses

BACKGROUND Traditional paper-based preoperative patient education is a struggle for new nurses and requires extensive training.In this situation,virtual reality technology can help the new nurses.Despite its potential benefits,there are studies on patient satisfaction but there is limited information on the usability of virtual reality(VR)technology for new nurses in giving preoperative education to patients.AIM To investigate the impact on satisfaction,usability,and burnout of a system using VR technology in preoperative patient education.METHODS The study involved 20 nurses from the plastic surgery ward and 80 patients admitted between April and May 2019.Each nurse taught four patients:Two using traditional verbal education and two using virtual reality.The System Usability Scale,After-Scenario Questionnaire,and Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)were employed to evaluate the impact of these education methods.RESULTS The VR education groups showed a statistically higher satisfaction than the traditional verbal education groups.Among the three subscales of the MBI,emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment improved statistically significantly.VR was also better in terms of usability.CONCLUSION This study suggests VR enhances usability and reduces burnout in nurses,but further research is needed to assess its impact on depersonalization and objective measures like stress and heart rate.