Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital i...Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.展开更多
As one of the most important part of weapon system of systems(WSoS),quantitative evaluation of reconnaissance satellite system(RSS)is indispensable during its construction and application.Aiming at the problem of nonl...As one of the most important part of weapon system of systems(WSoS),quantitative evaluation of reconnaissance satellite system(RSS)is indispensable during its construction and application.Aiming at the problem of nonlinear effectiveness evaluation under small sample conditions,we propose an evaluation method based on support vector regression(SVR)to effectively address the defects of traditional methods.Considering the performance of SVR is influenced by the penalty factor,kernel type,and other parameters deeply,the improved grey wolf optimizer(IGWO)is employed for parameter optimization.In the proposed IGWO algorithm,the opposition-based learning strategy is adopted to increase the probability of avoiding the local optima,the mutation operator is used to escape from premature convergence and differential convergence factors are applied to increase the rate of convergence.Numerical experiments of 14 test functions validate the applicability of IGWO algorithm dealing with global optimization.The index system and evaluation method are constructed based on the characteristics of RSS.To validate the proposed IGWO-SVR evaluation method,eight benchmark data sets and combat simulation are employed to estimate the evaluation accuracy,convergence performance and computational complexity.According to the experimental results,the proposed method outperforms several prediction based evaluation methods,verifies the superiority and effectiveness in RSS operational effectiveness evaluation.展开更多
This paper realizes the full-domain collaborative deployment of multiple interference sources of the global satellite navigation system(GNSS)and evaluates the deployment effect to enhance the ability to disturb the at...This paper realizes the full-domain collaborative deployment of multiple interference sources of the global satellite navigation system(GNSS)and evaluates the deployment effect to enhance the ability to disturb the attacker and the capability to defend the GNSS during navigation countermeasures.Key evaluation indicators for the jamming effect of GNSS suppressive and deceptive jamming sources are first created,their evaluation models are built,and their detection procedures are sorted out,as the basis for determining the deployment principles.The principles for collaboratively deploying multi-jamming sources are developed to obtain the deployment structures(including the required number,structures in demand,and corresponding positions)of three single interference sources required by collaboratively deploying.Accordingly,simulation and hardware-in-loop testing results are presented to determine a rational configuration of the collaborative deployment of multi-jamming sources in the set situation and further realize the full-domain deployment of an interference network from ground,air to space.Varied evaluation indices for the deployment effect are finally developed to evaluate the deployment effect of the proposed configuration and further verify its reliability and rationality.展开更多
Based on the CIPP(context,input,process,and product)model,this paper constructs an index system suitable for evaluating the teaching effect of VBSE(virtual business social environment)practical training from four aspe...Based on the CIPP(context,input,process,and product)model,this paper constructs an index system suitable for evaluating the teaching effect of VBSE(virtual business social environment)practical training from four aspects:context evaluation,input evaluation,process evaluation,and product evaluation.Taking the students participating in VBSE practical training in X university as the survey population,381 valid sample data were obtained through an online questionnaire survey,and the index weights were determined by factor analysis method.The score value of the VBSE practical training teaching effect was calculated based on the evaluation mean value of three indexes.The results showed that the context evaluation score was 1.56,the input evaluation score was 1.54,the process evaluation score was 1.51,and the product evaluation score was 1.48.Subsequently,this paper put forward some countermeasures from the aspects of optimizing course arrangement,improving hardware facilities,and enhancing team cooperation to provide a guideline for improving the effect of VBSE practical training.展开更多
To evaluate the effectiveness of weapon systems, the advantages and disadvantages of grey relational analysis and TOPSIS for multiattribute decision-making is pointed out, and an effectiveness evaluation model of weap...To evaluate the effectiveness of weapon systems, the advantages and disadvantages of grey relational analysis and TOPSIS for multiattribute decision-making is pointed out, and an effectiveness evaluation model of weapon systems by combining grey relational analysis and TOPSIS is proposed. The model aggregates the grey relational grade and the distance to a new integrated closeness and reflects not only the trend but also the situation of the alternative. The example illuminates that the model is effective for the effectiveness evaluation of weapon systems.展开更多
A self-organizing fuzzy clustering neural network by combining the self-organizing Kohonen clustering network with the fuzzy theory is proposed. This network model is designed for the effectiveness evaluation of elect...A self-organizing fuzzy clustering neural network by combining the self-organizing Kohonen clustering network with the fuzzy theory is proposed. This network model is designed for the effectiveness evaluation of electronic countermeasures, which not only exerts the advantages of the fuzzy theory, but also has a good ability in machine learning and data analysis. The subjective value of sample versus class is computed by the fuzzy computing theory, and the classified results obtained by self-organizing learning of Kohonen neural network are represented on output layer. Meanwhile, the fuzzy competition learning algorithm keeps the similar information between samples and overcomes the disadvantages of neural network which has fewer samples. The simulation result indicates that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective.展开更多
Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exer...Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exertional heat stroke(EHS).Methods: Data were collected from a total of 170 exertional heat stroke(EHS) patients between 2005 and 2016 from 52 hospitals in China. Univariate statistical methods and comparison of the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve(AUC) were used to screen exertional heat stroke score(EHSS) parameters, including but not limited body temperature(T), Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) and others. By comparing the sizes of the AUCs of the APACHE II, SOFA and EHSS assessments, the effectiveness of EHSS in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients was verified.Results: Through screening with a series of methods, as described above, the present study determined 12 parameters – body temperature(T), GCS, p H, lactate(Lac), platelet count(PLT), prothrombin time(PT), fibrinogen(Fib), troponin I(Tn I), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TBIL), creatinine(Cr) and acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI) classification – as EHSS parameters. It is a 0–47 point system designed to reflect increasing severity of heat stroke. Low(EHSS<20) and high scores(EHSS>35) showed 100% survival and 100% mortality, respectively. We found that AUCEHSS>AUCSOFA>AUCAPACHE II.Conclusions: A total of 12 parameters – T, GCS, p H, Lac, PLT, PT, Fib, Tn I, AST, TBIL, Cr and gastrointestinal AGI classification – are the EHSS parameters with the best effectiveness in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients. As EHSS score increases, the mortality rate of EHS patients gradually increases.展开更多
Equipment systems-of-systems (SOS) effectiveness evaluation can provide important reference for construction and optimization of the equipment SoS. After discussing the basic theory and methods of parallel experimen...Equipment systems-of-systems (SOS) effectiveness evaluation can provide important reference for construction and optimization of the equipment SoS. After discussing the basic theory and methods of parallel experiments, we depict an SoS effectiveness analysis and evaluation method using parallel expe- riments theory in detail. A case study is carried out which takes the missile defense system as an example. An artificial system of the missile defense system is constructed with the multi-agent modeling method. Then, single factor, multiple factors and defense position deployment computational experiments are carried out and evaluated with the statistical analysis method. Experiment re- sults show that the altitude of the secondary interception missile is not the key factor which affects SoS effectiveness and putting the defense position ahead will increase defense effectiveness. The case study demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method.展开更多
Introduction. Recognition of best practices in workplace health promotion is an important task that significantly affects the expansion of those programs. Once the program has been developed, its effectiveness becomes...Introduction. Recognition of best practices in workplace health promotion is an important task that significantly affects the expansion of those programs. Once the program has been developed, its effectiveness becomes the most critical point of evaluation to guarantee achievements in the improvement of workers’ health. Objectives. To identify the practices for evaluating the effectiveness of workplace health promotion programs. Material and Methods: A search was performed on MEDLINE through PubMed with the MeSH: “Occupational Health”, “Health Promotion” and “Program Evaluation”, from the year 2000 to the year 2020 for studies with the following designs: Meta-analyses, Systematic reviews, Randomized Clinical Trials and Clinical Trials. Results: The most common topic of workplace health promotion programs (WHP) was increasing physical activity and avoiding a sedentary lifestyle, followed by stress management and finally smoking cessation and musculoskeletal disorders. The post-intervention measurements were most often done at 6 months and 12. The most commonly used indicators were the number of steps, weight, BMI, % body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, sedentary time, level of physical activity and time of moderate-vigorous physical activity, daily energy output, life purpose, life satisfaction, mood and stress level. Conclusions: Although a great variability was observed in the evaluation of WHP programs, there were also common aspects. These results will help with designing WHP programs and defining evidence-based evaluation of their effectiveness. It is important to remember that WHP programs must be customized, taking into consideration the needs of each organization’s workforce.展开更多
Future Airspace Window Shooting is a newly developed technology, which needs effectiveness evaluation before widely used. Future airspace window shooting technology, simulation system development principles and softwa...Future Airspace Window Shooting is a newly developed technology, which needs effectiveness evaluation before widely used. Future airspace window shooting technology, simulation system development principles and software chosen to develop the simulation system are introduced in the first. And then the overall design of the system, realization of the system and effectiveness evaluation through simulation are discussed in detail. Through the simulation, it is known that the FAW shooting has more superior performance when facing maneuvering targets.展开更多
The effectiveness evaluation of GEO satellite communication constellation not only characterizes the communication capability of the constellation but also provides a basis for optimizing the constellation structure.W...The effectiveness evaluation of GEO satellite communication constellation not only characterizes the communication capability of the constellation but also provides a basis for optimizing the constellation structure.Whether due to information poverty or the complexity of the system,the impact of uncertain information on the effectiveness evaluation needs to be considered to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results.To address this issue,this paper develops a model for evaluating the GEO satellite communication constellation’s effectiveness in the context of poor information.Firstly,it analyses the GEO satellite communication constellation plus system based on communication links with an in-depth analysis of the constellation structure.Secondly,an equivalent transfer function algorithm based on the characteristic function and transfer probability is proposed with the help of graphical evaluation and review technique.Then,by analyzing the communication link importance connotation,the algorithm formula of communication link effectiveness and its importance is derived,and the constellation effectiveness and variance are found.Finally,the model constructed in this paper is used to evaluate the effectiveness of a GEO satellite communication constellation,further verifying the accuracy and validity of the model.Through comparative analysis,it is shown that the model can not only solving the effectiveness of the constellation but also analyzing the variation of its effectiveness.It lays a theoretical foundation for the analysis and optimization of the GEO satellite communication constellation effectiveness.展开更多
To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive ...To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive BRB.The reasoning method based on reduced conjunctive BRB is designed with the help of the conversion technology from conjunctive BRB to disjunctive BRB.Finally,the operational mission effectiveness evaluation is taken as an example to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.展开更多
Accurate diagnosis of fracture geometry and conductivity is of great challenge due to the complex morphology of volumetric fracture network. In this study, a DNN (deep neural network) model was proposed to predict fra...Accurate diagnosis of fracture geometry and conductivity is of great challenge due to the complex morphology of volumetric fracture network. In this study, a DNN (deep neural network) model was proposed to predict fracture parameters for the evaluation of the fracturing effects. Field experience and the law of fracture volume conservation were incorporated as physical constraints to improve the prediction accuracy due to small amount of data. A combined neural network was adopted to input both static geological and dynamic fracturing data. The structure of the DNN was optimized and the model was validated through k-fold cross-validation. Results indicate that this DNN model is capable of predicting the fracture parameters accurately with a low relative error of under 10% and good generalization ability. The adoptions of the combined neural network, physical constraints, and k-fold cross-validation improve the model performance. Specifically, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the model decreases by 71.9% and 56% respectively with the combined neural network as the input model and the consideration of physical constraints. The mean square error (MRE) of fracture parameters reduces by 75% because the k-fold cross-validation improves the rationality of data set dividing. The model based on the DNN with physical constraints proposed in this study provides foundations for the optimization of fracturing design and improves the efficiency of fracture diagnosis in tight oil and gas reservoirs.展开更多
Combined application of organic fertilizer is an effective measure to improve the productivity and ecological effect of newly added soil.However,the effect of organic fertilizer application in newly added orchard soil...Combined application of organic fertilizer is an effective measure to improve the productivity and ecological effect of newly added soil.However,the effect of organic fertilizer application in newly added orchard soil is not clear.In this project,the soil of newly built peach orchard in the Longquan Mountain of Chengdu was applied with 45 t/hm 2 of organic fertilizer.After 9 months of planting 6 varieties of honey peach(Wanhujing,Baifeng,Zhongtao 13,Huangjinmitao 1,Zhongpan 101,Zhongpan 104),the locally well developed peach orchard was taken as the control.The physical and chemical properties of soil from four topography(top slope,middle slope,lower slope and flat land)of newly built peach orchard were analyzed,and the effect of organic fertilizer on soil was evaluated.The results showed that combined application of organic fertilizer had different effects on soils from orchards with different varieties of peach and from different terrain parts of the same peach variety.Specifically,it had the best effect on soil improvement in Baifeng(local variety),Zhongpan 101 and Zhongpan 104(introduced varieties).Meanwhile,the best effect of soil improvement was found on top slope.Cluster analysis divided newly built peach orchards,uncultivated soil,and locally well developed peach orchard into four groups,indicating that the selected amount of organic fertilizer application in this study has improved the soil of peach orchards to some extent,but it was still necessary to increase the application amount.It was better for 54 t/hm 2 amount of organic fertilization on the part of top and middle slope,and 60 t/hm 2 on the lower slope and flat land.The comprehensive ecological benefit assessment of organic fertilizer should be conducted based on long-term monitoring of peach orchard ecological environment,fruit tree growth,fruit yield and quality,which would provide scientific basis for peach orchard production and management.展开更多
IaH incorporates resource introduction,platform construction,and environment creation,effectively addressing the limitations of traditional IA.It has emerged as a prevailing trend in the internationalizing evolution o...IaH incorporates resource introduction,platform construction,and environment creation,effectively addressing the limitations of traditional IA.It has emerged as a prevailing trend in the internationalizing evolution of Chinese higher education.This article takes local colleges in Zhejiang Province as an example to illustrate the importance of IaH in upgrading the quality of local higher education,analyzes the models,paths,and strategies of the agenda,and discusses its effect evaluation across teaching,research,platforms,and social service.展开更多
Brain functional networks model the brain's ability to exchange information across different regions,aiding in the understanding of the cognitive process of human visual attention during target searching,thereby c...Brain functional networks model the brain's ability to exchange information across different regions,aiding in the understanding of the cognitive process of human visual attention during target searching,thereby contributing to the advancement of camouflage evaluation.In this study,images with various camouflage effects were presented to observers to generate electroencephalography(EEG)signals,which were then used to construct a brain functional network.The topological parameters of the network were subsequently extracted and input into a machine learning model for training.The results indicate that most of the classifiers achieved accuracy rates exceeding 70%.Specifically,the Logistic algorithm achieved an accuracy of 81.67%.Therefore,it is possible to predict target camouflage effectiveness with high accuracy without the need to calculate discovery probability.The proposed method fully considers the aspects of human visual and cognitive processes,overcomes the subjectivity of human interpretation,and achieves stable and reliable accuracy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)was introduced in China in 2007.Over time,the scope of ERAS has expanded from abdominal surgery to orthopedics,urology and other fields.Continuous development and resear...BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)was introduced in China in 2007.Over time,the scope of ERAS has expanded from abdominal surgery to orthopedics,urology and other fields.Continuous development and research has contributed to progress of ERAS in China.In 2019,to promote the application of ERAS in bone tumor surgery,we formed the“Consensus of Experts on Perioperative Management of Accelerated Rehabilitation in Major Surgery of Bone Tumors in China”.AIM To evaluate the effect of enhanced recovery after bone tumor surgery in perioperative management in China.METHODS One hundred and seven patients who underwent bone tumor surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between May 2019 and April 2021 were randomized into a study group(53 cases)and a control group(54 cases).The study group adopted the ERAS protocol and the control group adopted conventional care.Main outcome measures included postoperative length of stay(LOS),postoperative complications,mortality,and 30-d readmission rates.Secondary outcomes included postoperative visual analog scale(VAS)score of pain,number of blood transfusions,drainage volume in 24 h after operation,patient satisfaction 30 d after discharge,VAS score at 30 d after discharge,and daily standing walking time.RESULTS There were no significant differences in the baseline data,clinical features and surgical site between the two groups.The LOS in the study group with the ERAS protocol was 7.72±3.34 d compared with 10.28±4.27 d in the control group who followed conventional care.The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)in the study group was 19%and 37%in the control group.The VAS scores of pain on postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD3 in the study group were 4.79±2.34 and 2.79±1.53 compared with 5.28±3.27 and 3.98±2.27 in the control group.The drainage volume in 24 h after the operation was 124.36±23.43 mL in the study group and 167.43±30.87 mL in the control group.The number of blood transfusions in the study group was also lower.The patient satisfaction rate was higher in the study group than in the control group.CONCLUSION The ERAS protocol in the perioperative period of bone tumor surgery can decrease LOS,PONV,and postoperative pain,blood transfusion and 24-h drainage,improve patient satisfaction and accelerate recovery.展开更多
To improve the effect of destroying time-sensitive target (TST), a method of operational effectiveness evaluation is presented and some influential factors are analyzed based on the combat flow of system for destroy...To improve the effect of destroying time-sensitive target (TST), a method of operational effectiveness evaluation is presented and some influential factors are analyzed based on the combat flow of system for destroying TST. Considering the possible operation modes of the system, a waved operation mode and a continuous operation mode are put forward at first. At the same time, some relative formulas are modified. In examples, the influential factors and operation modes are analyzed based on the system effectiveness. From simulation results, some design and operation strategies of the system for destroying time sensitive targets are concluded, which benefit to the improvement of the system effectiveness.展开更多
This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Chinese crop insurance program in terms of farmers' utility and welfare. A simulation model based on the power utility function was first developed to evaluate the...This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Chinese crop insurance program in terms of farmers' utility and welfare. A simulation model based on the power utility function was first developed to evaluate the effectiveness of crop insurance. Then, the Monte Carlo approach was used to generate the datasets of area, price, yield, cost, and income based on the characteristics of representative farmers, which were clustered and calibrated using the farm-level data of 574 individual farmers from five Chinese provinces. Finally, the effectiveness of Chinese crop insurance was evaluated by comparing the certainty equivalence(CE) of farmers' utility/welfare under alternative crop insurance scenarios. Government subsidy is a necessary premise for implementing the crop insurance program. The government should subsidize more than 50% of the crop insurance premium to motivate more farmers to participate in the program. The findings also show that the current crop insurance program in China has increased the farmers' welfare but still need to be improved to achieve the Pareto improvement and to make full use of the financial fund of the government. This paper is believed to not only extend academic research but also has significant implications for policymakers, especially in the context of rapid development of Chinese crop insurance with much issues such as rate, subsidy and coverage level needed to be improved.展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.
基金the National Defense Science and Technology Key Laboratory Fund of China(XM2020XT1023).
文摘As one of the most important part of weapon system of systems(WSoS),quantitative evaluation of reconnaissance satellite system(RSS)is indispensable during its construction and application.Aiming at the problem of nonlinear effectiveness evaluation under small sample conditions,we propose an evaluation method based on support vector regression(SVR)to effectively address the defects of traditional methods.Considering the performance of SVR is influenced by the penalty factor,kernel type,and other parameters deeply,the improved grey wolf optimizer(IGWO)is employed for parameter optimization.In the proposed IGWO algorithm,the opposition-based learning strategy is adopted to increase the probability of avoiding the local optima,the mutation operator is used to escape from premature convergence and differential convergence factors are applied to increase the rate of convergence.Numerical experiments of 14 test functions validate the applicability of IGWO algorithm dealing with global optimization.The index system and evaluation method are constructed based on the characteristics of RSS.To validate the proposed IGWO-SVR evaluation method,eight benchmark data sets and combat simulation are employed to estimate the evaluation accuracy,convergence performance and computational complexity.According to the experimental results,the proposed method outperforms several prediction based evaluation methods,verifies the superiority and effectiveness in RSS operational effectiveness evaluation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42174047 and No.42174036)the National Science Foundation Project for Outstanding Youth(No.42104034).
文摘This paper realizes the full-domain collaborative deployment of multiple interference sources of the global satellite navigation system(GNSS)and evaluates the deployment effect to enhance the ability to disturb the attacker and the capability to defend the GNSS during navigation countermeasures.Key evaluation indicators for the jamming effect of GNSS suppressive and deceptive jamming sources are first created,their evaluation models are built,and their detection procedures are sorted out,as the basis for determining the deployment principles.The principles for collaboratively deploying multi-jamming sources are developed to obtain the deployment structures(including the required number,structures in demand,and corresponding positions)of three single interference sources required by collaboratively deploying.Accordingly,simulation and hardware-in-loop testing results are presented to determine a rational configuration of the collaborative deployment of multi-jamming sources in the set situation and further realize the full-domain deployment of an interference network from ground,air to space.Varied evaluation indices for the deployment effect are finally developed to evaluate the deployment effect of the proposed configuration and further verify its reliability and rationality.
基金2022 Southwest Forestry University Educational Science Research Project-General Project“Research on the Evaluation of VBSE Practical Training Teaching Effects Based on CIPP Model”(Project number:YB202227)。
文摘Based on the CIPP(context,input,process,and product)model,this paper constructs an index system suitable for evaluating the teaching effect of VBSE(virtual business social environment)practical training from four aspects:context evaluation,input evaluation,process evaluation,and product evaluation.Taking the students participating in VBSE practical training in X university as the survey population,381 valid sample data were obtained through an online questionnaire survey,and the index weights were determined by factor analysis method.The score value of the VBSE practical training teaching effect was calculated based on the evaluation mean value of three indexes.The results showed that the context evaluation score was 1.56,the input evaluation score was 1.54,the process evaluation score was 1.51,and the product evaluation score was 1.48.Subsequently,this paper put forward some countermeasures from the aspects of optimizing course arrangement,improving hardware facilities,and enhancing team cooperation to provide a guideline for improving the effect of VBSE practical training.
文摘To evaluate the effectiveness of weapon systems, the advantages and disadvantages of grey relational analysis and TOPSIS for multiattribute decision-making is pointed out, and an effectiveness evaluation model of weapon systems by combining grey relational analysis and TOPSIS is proposed. The model aggregates the grey relational grade and the distance to a new integrated closeness and reflects not only the trend but also the situation of the alternative. The example illuminates that the model is effective for the effectiveness evaluation of weapon systems.
文摘A self-organizing fuzzy clustering neural network by combining the self-organizing Kohonen clustering network with the fuzzy theory is proposed. This network model is designed for the effectiveness evaluation of electronic countermeasures, which not only exerts the advantages of the fuzzy theory, but also has a good ability in machine learning and data analysis. The subjective value of sample versus class is computed by the fuzzy computing theory, and the classified results obtained by self-organizing learning of Kohonen neural network are represented on output layer. Meanwhile, the fuzzy competition learning algorithm keeps the similar information between samples and overcomes the disadvantages of neural network which has fewer samples. The simulation result indicates that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81671966)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7182155)+2 种基金the Application Research and Achievement Extension of Clinical Characteristics in Chinese Capital Foundation (Z171100001017160)the Cultivation Program for Military Medical Science and Technology Youth-Growth Project (16QNP139)the Clinical Research Support Foundation of Chinese PLA General Hospital (2015FC-ZHCG-1002)。
文摘Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exertional heat stroke(EHS).Methods: Data were collected from a total of 170 exertional heat stroke(EHS) patients between 2005 and 2016 from 52 hospitals in China. Univariate statistical methods and comparison of the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve(AUC) were used to screen exertional heat stroke score(EHSS) parameters, including but not limited body temperature(T), Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) and others. By comparing the sizes of the AUCs of the APACHE II, SOFA and EHSS assessments, the effectiveness of EHSS in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients was verified.Results: Through screening with a series of methods, as described above, the present study determined 12 parameters – body temperature(T), GCS, p H, lactate(Lac), platelet count(PLT), prothrombin time(PT), fibrinogen(Fib), troponin I(Tn I), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TBIL), creatinine(Cr) and acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI) classification – as EHSS parameters. It is a 0–47 point system designed to reflect increasing severity of heat stroke. Low(EHSS<20) and high scores(EHSS>35) showed 100% survival and 100% mortality, respectively. We found that AUCEHSS>AUCSOFA>AUCAPACHE II.Conclusions: A total of 12 parameters – T, GCS, p H, Lac, PLT, PT, Fib, Tn I, AST, TBIL, Cr and gastrointestinal AGI classification – are the EHSS parameters with the best effectiveness in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients. As EHSS score increases, the mortality rate of EHS patients gradually increases.
文摘Equipment systems-of-systems (SOS) effectiveness evaluation can provide important reference for construction and optimization of the equipment SoS. After discussing the basic theory and methods of parallel experiments, we depict an SoS effectiveness analysis and evaluation method using parallel expe- riments theory in detail. A case study is carried out which takes the missile defense system as an example. An artificial system of the missile defense system is constructed with the multi-agent modeling method. Then, single factor, multiple factors and defense position deployment computational experiments are carried out and evaluated with the statistical analysis method. Experiment re- sults show that the altitude of the secondary interception missile is not the key factor which affects SoS effectiveness and putting the defense position ahead will increase defense effectiveness. The case study demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method.
文摘Introduction. Recognition of best practices in workplace health promotion is an important task that significantly affects the expansion of those programs. Once the program has been developed, its effectiveness becomes the most critical point of evaluation to guarantee achievements in the improvement of workers’ health. Objectives. To identify the practices for evaluating the effectiveness of workplace health promotion programs. Material and Methods: A search was performed on MEDLINE through PubMed with the MeSH: “Occupational Health”, “Health Promotion” and “Program Evaluation”, from the year 2000 to the year 2020 for studies with the following designs: Meta-analyses, Systematic reviews, Randomized Clinical Trials and Clinical Trials. Results: The most common topic of workplace health promotion programs (WHP) was increasing physical activity and avoiding a sedentary lifestyle, followed by stress management and finally smoking cessation and musculoskeletal disorders. The post-intervention measurements were most often done at 6 months and 12. The most commonly used indicators were the number of steps, weight, BMI, % body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, sedentary time, level of physical activity and time of moderate-vigorous physical activity, daily energy output, life purpose, life satisfaction, mood and stress level. Conclusions: Although a great variability was observed in the evaluation of WHP programs, there were also common aspects. These results will help with designing WHP programs and defining evidence-based evaluation of their effectiveness. It is important to remember that WHP programs must be customized, taking into consideration the needs of each organization’s workforce.
文摘Future Airspace Window Shooting is a newly developed technology, which needs effectiveness evaluation before widely used. Future airspace window shooting technology, simulation system development principles and software chosen to develop the simulation system are introduced in the first. And then the overall design of the system, realization of the system and effectiveness evaluation through simulation are discussed in detail. Through the simulation, it is known that the FAW shooting has more superior performance when facing maneuvering targets.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 71671091in part by the Major Project Cultivation Fund and Major Science and Technology Achievements Development Fund of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics under Grant NP2019104 and NC2019003 respectivelyin part by the National Development and Reform Commission (High-Tech[2017]1069)
文摘The effectiveness evaluation of GEO satellite communication constellation not only characterizes the communication capability of the constellation but also provides a basis for optimizing the constellation structure.Whether due to information poverty or the complexity of the system,the impact of uncertain information on the effectiveness evaluation needs to be considered to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results.To address this issue,this paper develops a model for evaluating the GEO satellite communication constellation’s effectiveness in the context of poor information.Firstly,it analyses the GEO satellite communication constellation plus system based on communication links with an in-depth analysis of the constellation structure.Secondly,an equivalent transfer function algorithm based on the characteristic function and transfer probability is proposed with the help of graphical evaluation and review technique.Then,by analyzing the communication link importance connotation,the algorithm formula of communication link effectiveness and its importance is derived,and the constellation effectiveness and variance are found.Finally,the model constructed in this paper is used to evaluate the effectiveness of a GEO satellite communication constellation,further verifying the accuracy and validity of the model.Through comparative analysis,it is shown that the model can not only solving the effectiveness of the constellation but also analyzing the variation of its effectiveness.It lays a theoretical foundation for the analysis and optimization of the GEO satellite communication constellation effectiveness.
基金supported by the Military Scientific Research Program(41401020301).
文摘To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive BRB.The reasoning method based on reduced conjunctive BRB is designed with the help of the conversion technology from conjunctive BRB to disjunctive BRB.Finally,the operational mission effectiveness evaluation is taken as an example to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52174044,52004302)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.ZX20200134,2462021YXZZ012)the Strategic Cooperation Technology Projects of CNPC and CUPB(ZLZX 2020-01-07).
文摘Accurate diagnosis of fracture geometry and conductivity is of great challenge due to the complex morphology of volumetric fracture network. In this study, a DNN (deep neural network) model was proposed to predict fracture parameters for the evaluation of the fracturing effects. Field experience and the law of fracture volume conservation were incorporated as physical constraints to improve the prediction accuracy due to small amount of data. A combined neural network was adopted to input both static geological and dynamic fracturing data. The structure of the DNN was optimized and the model was validated through k-fold cross-validation. Results indicate that this DNN model is capable of predicting the fracture parameters accurately with a low relative error of under 10% and good generalization ability. The adoptions of the combined neural network, physical constraints, and k-fold cross-validation improve the model performance. Specifically, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the model decreases by 71.9% and 56% respectively with the combined neural network as the input model and the consideration of physical constraints. The mean square error (MRE) of fracture parameters reduces by 75% because the k-fold cross-validation improves the rationality of data set dividing. The model based on the DNN with physical constraints proposed in this study provides foundations for the optimization of fracturing design and improves the efficiency of fracture diagnosis in tight oil and gas reservoirs.
基金Supported by the Research Project of China Railway 23 rd Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.(LQST-03-GCB-2022-02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42277245).
文摘Combined application of organic fertilizer is an effective measure to improve the productivity and ecological effect of newly added soil.However,the effect of organic fertilizer application in newly added orchard soil is not clear.In this project,the soil of newly built peach orchard in the Longquan Mountain of Chengdu was applied with 45 t/hm 2 of organic fertilizer.After 9 months of planting 6 varieties of honey peach(Wanhujing,Baifeng,Zhongtao 13,Huangjinmitao 1,Zhongpan 101,Zhongpan 104),the locally well developed peach orchard was taken as the control.The physical and chemical properties of soil from four topography(top slope,middle slope,lower slope and flat land)of newly built peach orchard were analyzed,and the effect of organic fertilizer on soil was evaluated.The results showed that combined application of organic fertilizer had different effects on soils from orchards with different varieties of peach and from different terrain parts of the same peach variety.Specifically,it had the best effect on soil improvement in Baifeng(local variety),Zhongpan 101 and Zhongpan 104(introduced varieties).Meanwhile,the best effect of soil improvement was found on top slope.Cluster analysis divided newly built peach orchards,uncultivated soil,and locally well developed peach orchard into four groups,indicating that the selected amount of organic fertilizer application in this study has improved the soil of peach orchards to some extent,but it was still necessary to increase the application amount.It was better for 54 t/hm 2 amount of organic fertilization on the part of top and middle slope,and 60 t/hm 2 on the lower slope and flat land.The comprehensive ecological benefit assessment of organic fertilizer should be conducted based on long-term monitoring of peach orchard ecological environment,fruit tree growth,fruit yield and quality,which would provide scientific basis for peach orchard production and management.
基金supported by the Hangzhou Dianzi University Education and Teaching Reform project(No.YBJG202060).
文摘IaH incorporates resource introduction,platform construction,and environment creation,effectively addressing the limitations of traditional IA.It has emerged as a prevailing trend in the internationalizing evolution of Chinese higher education.This article takes local colleges in Zhejiang Province as an example to illustrate the importance of IaH in upgrading the quality of local higher education,analyzes the models,paths,and strategies of the agenda,and discusses its effect evaluation across teaching,research,platforms,and social service.
基金sponsored by the National Defense Science and Technology Key Laboratory Fund(Grant No.61422062205)the Equipment Pre-Research Fund(Grant No.JCKYS2022LD9)。
文摘Brain functional networks model the brain's ability to exchange information across different regions,aiding in the understanding of the cognitive process of human visual attention during target searching,thereby contributing to the advancement of camouflage evaluation.In this study,images with various camouflage effects were presented to observers to generate electroencephalography(EEG)signals,which were then used to construct a brain functional network.The topological parameters of the network were subsequently extracted and input into a machine learning model for training.The results indicate that most of the classifiers achieved accuracy rates exceeding 70%.Specifically,the Logistic algorithm achieved an accuracy of 81.67%.Therefore,it is possible to predict target camouflage effectiveness with high accuracy without the need to calculate discovery probability.The proposed method fully considers the aspects of human visual and cognitive processes,overcomes the subjectivity of human interpretation,and achieves stable and reliable accuracy.
文摘BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)was introduced in China in 2007.Over time,the scope of ERAS has expanded from abdominal surgery to orthopedics,urology and other fields.Continuous development and research has contributed to progress of ERAS in China.In 2019,to promote the application of ERAS in bone tumor surgery,we formed the“Consensus of Experts on Perioperative Management of Accelerated Rehabilitation in Major Surgery of Bone Tumors in China”.AIM To evaluate the effect of enhanced recovery after bone tumor surgery in perioperative management in China.METHODS One hundred and seven patients who underwent bone tumor surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between May 2019 and April 2021 were randomized into a study group(53 cases)and a control group(54 cases).The study group adopted the ERAS protocol and the control group adopted conventional care.Main outcome measures included postoperative length of stay(LOS),postoperative complications,mortality,and 30-d readmission rates.Secondary outcomes included postoperative visual analog scale(VAS)score of pain,number of blood transfusions,drainage volume in 24 h after operation,patient satisfaction 30 d after discharge,VAS score at 30 d after discharge,and daily standing walking time.RESULTS There were no significant differences in the baseline data,clinical features and surgical site between the two groups.The LOS in the study group with the ERAS protocol was 7.72±3.34 d compared with 10.28±4.27 d in the control group who followed conventional care.The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)in the study group was 19%and 37%in the control group.The VAS scores of pain on postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD3 in the study group were 4.79±2.34 and 2.79±1.53 compared with 5.28±3.27 and 3.98±2.27 in the control group.The drainage volume in 24 h after the operation was 124.36±23.43 mL in the study group and 167.43±30.87 mL in the control group.The number of blood transfusions in the study group was also lower.The patient satisfaction rate was higher in the study group than in the control group.CONCLUSION The ERAS protocol in the perioperative period of bone tumor surgery can decrease LOS,PONV,and postoperative pain,blood transfusion and 24-h drainage,improve patient satisfaction and accelerate recovery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60774064)the Aerospace Science Foundation (05D53022)the Youth for NPU Teachers Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation (W016210)
文摘To improve the effect of destroying time-sensitive target (TST), a method of operational effectiveness evaluation is presented and some influential factors are analyzed based on the combat flow of system for destroying TST. Considering the possible operation modes of the system, a waved operation mode and a continuous operation mode are put forward at first. At the same time, some relative formulas are modified. In examples, the influential factors and operation modes are analyzed based on the system effectiveness. From simulation results, some design and operation strategies of the system for destroying time sensitive targets are concluded, which benefit to the improvement of the system effectiveness.
基金the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the 12th Five-year Plan period (2014BAL07B03-02)Agricultural Risk Management Projet Cooperated with Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
文摘This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Chinese crop insurance program in terms of farmers' utility and welfare. A simulation model based on the power utility function was first developed to evaluate the effectiveness of crop insurance. Then, the Monte Carlo approach was used to generate the datasets of area, price, yield, cost, and income based on the characteristics of representative farmers, which were clustered and calibrated using the farm-level data of 574 individual farmers from five Chinese provinces. Finally, the effectiveness of Chinese crop insurance was evaluated by comparing the certainty equivalence(CE) of farmers' utility/welfare under alternative crop insurance scenarios. Government subsidy is a necessary premise for implementing the crop insurance program. The government should subsidize more than 50% of the crop insurance premium to motivate more farmers to participate in the program. The findings also show that the current crop insurance program in China has increased the farmers' welfare but still need to be improved to achieve the Pareto improvement and to make full use of the financial fund of the government. This paper is believed to not only extend academic research but also has significant implications for policymakers, especially in the context of rapid development of Chinese crop insurance with much issues such as rate, subsidy and coverage level needed to be improved.