Observation of therapeutic effect of lamp irradiation combined with purple gromwell oil gauze on alleviating intestinal colic in patients

BACKGROUND Intestinal colic is a common complication in patients who have undergone radical surgery for colorectal cancer.Traditional Chinese medicine has advantages,including safety and stability,for the treatment of intestinal colic.Lamp irra-diation for abdominal ironing has been applied in the treatment of many gas-trointestinal diseases.Purple gromwell oil has the effects of clearing heat,cooling blood,reducing swelling,and relieving pain.RESULTS The general effective rate in the observation group was 95.00%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(86.67%,P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the duration of symptoms between the groups(P>0.05).After 1,2,3,and 4 d of treatment,the duration of symptoms in both groups were decreased,and the duration in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(96.54±9.57 vs 110.45±11.23,87.26±12.07 vs 104.44±11.68,80.45±16.21 vs 99.44±14.95,73.18±15.58 vs 92.17±14.20;P<0.05).After 1,3,5,and 7 d of treatment,the NRS scores in both groups were decreased,and the NRS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(3.56±0.41 vs 4.04±0.58,3.07±0.67 vs 3.74±1.02,2.52±0.76 vs 3.43±0.85,2.03±0.58 vs 3.03±0.82;P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reaction occurrence between the groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The use of lamp irradiation combined with purple gromwell oil gauze in patients with intestinal colic after radical surgery for colorectal cancer can reduce symptom duration,alleviate intestinal colic,and improve treatment efficacy,and this approach is safe.It is worth promoting the use of this treatment in clinical practice.

A Medicinal and Edible Plant Crocus sativus L.and Its Therapeutic Effects on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

This paper introduces the biological characteristics,medicinal value,chemical component,and pharmacological effects of Crocus sativus L.,and explores its therapeutic effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as angina pectoris and coronary heart disease.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of One-Time Endodontics in the Treatment of Chronic Apical Periodontitis with Sinus Tract in Pediatric Deciduous Teeth

Objective:To observe the effectiveness and safety of one-time endodontics in the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in pediatric deciduous teeth.Methods:109 cases of children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in the deciduous teeth treated in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and grouped by the randomized numerical table method,with 54 cases in the experimental group and 55 cases in the control group.The experimental group was treated with one-time endodontics and the control group was treated with conventional endodontics.Results:After the treatment,the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse events was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the satisfaction of the children's family members was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the pain duration was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the experimental group,children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract of the deciduous teeth were given one-time endodontic treatment,and the results of its implementation were relatively good.

Verification of the Physiological Therapeutic Effects of Harvesting Activities in a Patient with Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease with Long-Term Agricultural Experience

Background: Harvesting activities have proven effective in reducing stress in patients with dementia. At a psychiatric hospital, occupational therapists (OT) made patients with dementia perform vegetable harvesting activities as a part of their treatment. The patients became calmer and began to smile not only after but also before and during harvesting activity. Therefore, this study aimed to measure autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses over time in a female patient in her 80s with moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) who had experience in farming when performing harvesting activities. Additionally, this study aimed to consider factors associated with changes in ANS responses over time and to verify the physiological therapeutic effects of harvesting activities. Methods: An OT with more than 10 years of experience and a good relationship with the patient conducted one-on-one sessions with the patient. Harvesting activity was performed in a courtyard with trees. The patient harvested lettuce (three lettuce plants) grown in a planter while sitting on a chair. Additionally, the planter was set up on a desk. ANS responses were measured over time from before to after the activity for different events at six time periods. Changes in the patient’s ANS responses were assessed during each period. Results: With the involvement of environmental factors and OT during harvesting activities, parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity significantly increased. This may lead to improved mental stability. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that implementing harvesting activities may have a positive effect on the PNS in patients with AD with long-term agricultural experience. However, further studies with a larger sample size and multidimensional evaluations are needed.

Multidisciplinary strategies to enhance therapeutic effects of flavonoids from Epimedii Folium:Integration of herbal medicine,enzyme engineering,and nanotechnology

Flavonoids such as baohuoside I and icaritin are the major active compounds in Epimedii Folium(EF)and possess excellent therapeutic effects on various diseases.Encouragingly,in 2022,icaritin soft capsules were approved to reach the market for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)of China.Moreover,recent studies demonstrate that icaritin can serve as immune-modulating agent to exert anti-tumor effects.Nonetheless,both production efficiency and clinical applications of epimedium flavonoids have been restrained because of their low content,poor bioavailability,and unfavorable in vivo delivery efficiency.Recently,various strategies,including enzyme engineering and nanotechnology,have been developed to increase productivity and activity,improve delivery efficiency,and enhance therapeutic effects of epimedium flavonoids.In this review,the structure-activity relationship of epimedium flavonoids is described.Then,enzymatic engineering strategies for increasing the productivity of highly active baohuoside I and icaritin are discussed.The nanomedicines for overcoming in vivo delivery barriers and improving therapeutic effects of various diseases are summarized.Finally,the challenges and an outlook on clinical translation of epimedium flavonoids are proposed.

Effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for diabetic retinopathy:A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is currently recognized as one of the most serious diabetic microangiopathies and a major cause of adult blindness.Commonly used clinical approaches include etiological control,microvascular improvement,and surgical intervention,but they are ineffective and have many side effects.Oral Chinese medicine(OCM)has been used for thousands of years to treat DR and is still widely used today,but it is unclear which OCM is more effective for DR.AIM To estimate relative effectiveness and safety profiles for different classes of OCMs for DR,and provide rankings of the available OCMs.METHODS The search time frame was from the creation of the database to January 2023.RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 software were used to perform the systematic review and Network meta-analyses(NMA).RESULTS A total of 107 studies and 9710 patients were included,including 4767 cases in the test group and 4973 cases in the control group.Based on previous studies and clinical reports,and combined with the recommendations of Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of DR,9 OCMs were finally included in this study,namely Compound Xueshuantong Capsules,Qiming Granules,Compound Danshen Dripping Pills,Hexue Mingmu Tablets(HXMM),Qiju Dihuang Pills(QJDH),Shuangdan Mingmu Capsules(SDMM),Danggui Buxue Decoction(DGBX),Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and Buyang Huanwu Decoction.When these nine OCMs were analyzed in combination with conventional western medicine treatment(CT)compared with CT alone,the NMA results showed that HXMM+CT has better intervention effect on the overall efficacy of DR patients,HXMM+CT has better effect on improving patients'visual acuity,SDMM+CT has better effect on inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor,DGBX+CT has better effect on reducing fundus hemorrhage area,HXMM+CT has better effect on reducing fasting blood glucose,and QJDH+CT has better effect on reducing glycated hemoglobin.When there are not enough clinical indicators for reference,SDMM+CT or HXMM+CT treatments can be chosen because they are effective for more indicators and demonstrate multidimensional efficacy.CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that combining OCMs with CT leads to better outcomes in all aspects of DR compared to using CT alone.Based on the findings,we highly recommend the use of SDMM or HXMM for the treatment of DR.These two OCMs have demonstrated outstanding efficacy across multiple indicators.

Neuregulin 1 isoforms could be an effective therapeutic candidate to promote peripheral nerve regeneration

Traumatic injuries of peripheral nerves represent common casualties and their social impact is considerably high. Although peripheral nerves retain a good regeneration potential, the clinical outcome after nerve lesion is far from being satisfactory and functional recovery is almost never complete, especially in the case of large nerve defects, that result in loss or diminished sensitivity and/or motor activity of the innervated target organs. Therefore, to improve the outcome after nerve damage, or in peripheral neuropathies, there is a need for further research in nerve repair and regeneration to identify factors that promote axonal regrowth, remvelination and target reinnervation.

PREDICTION OF THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF NEW DRUGS FROM CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY STUDIES

The development of new drugs for therapeutic purposes has become very expensive and time-consuming in American and European countries.It is estimated that on the average 50 to 100 million dollars and 10 or more years from the time of patenting are required to make a new drug available for general prescription. Every new drug needs to be charac-

Kaempferol and its derivatives:Biological activities and therapeutic potential

Kaempferol,a natural plant-origin flavonoid,exhibits therapeutic anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anticancer,antidiabetic,and neuroprotective properties.Kaempferol acts within several distinct mechanisms like apoptotic induction in cancer cells,enzymatic inhibition,signalling pathway inhibition,and downregulation in cell viability during the G2/M phase of cell division.This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of kaempferol against several health ailments.The recent progress on kaempferol obtained from fruits and vegetables as an antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anticancer,antidiabetic,and neuroprotective agent and its mechanisms of action are also discussed.In addition,kaempferol has been reported to be present in wastes and byproducts from post-fruit and vegetable processing.Thus,a paradigm shift towards valorizing fruits and vegetable industrial wastes/byproducts to obtain bioactive kaempferol can support the circular economy pillar for generating wealth from waste and for finding a sustainable alternative source.

Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of New Fungicides on Rice Blast

[Objectives]The paper was to identify the characteristics and the potency of new fungicides to rice blast disease,and study their preventive and therapeutic effects on the disease.[Methods]Six new and conventional fungicides with different mechanisms of action were selected to compare their preventive and therapeutic effects on rice seedling blast in greenhouse.[Results]The agents which showed to be highly efficacious in blast prevention(greater than 90%)were 25%pyraclostrobin EC,20%fenoxanil SC,75%tricyclazole WP and 50%prochloraz-manganese WP sprayed at the dosages of 112.5-150,180-360,270-450 and 450-600 g/ha,respectively.The therapeutic effect of new fungicides 25%pyraclostrobin EC and 50%prochloraz-manganese WP on rice blast were above 90%when the dosages were 90-150 and 360-600 g/ha,respectively.The therapeutic effect of the conventional fungicide 40%isoprothiolane EC on rice blast was 69.04%when the dosage was 480 g/ha,while those of other fungicides were worse.[Conclusions]Both 25%pyraclostrobin EC and 50%prochloraz-manganese WP have good preventive and therapeutic effects on rice blast,which will provide a reference for the use of these fungicides in the field.

Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Effect of Modified Qiwei Baishu Powder in Diabetes

Objective:To study the mechanism of action and therapeutic effect of modified Qiwei Baishu powder in diabetic patients.Methods:From January 2021 to January 2022,80 diabetic patients were recruited in our study and divided into two groups by the random number table method.Group A was treated with modified Qiwei Baishu powder,whereas group B was treated with western medicine.The therapeutic effect,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,blood sugar level,and incidence of adverse reaction were compared between the two groups.Result:The therapeutic effect in group A was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05);the TCM syndrome scores of group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05);the fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 hour-postprandial blood glucose(PBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels of group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reaction in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of western medicine,the addition of modified Qiwei Baishu powder can maintain stable blood sugar levels in patients and alleviate diabetic symptoms;thus,it is not only effective,but also safe for clinical use in diabetes.

Utilizing engineered extracellular vesicles as delivery vectors in the management of ischemic stroke:a special outlook on mitochondrial delivery

Ischemic stroke is a secondary cause of mortality worldwide,imposing considerable medical and economic burdens on society.Extracellular vesicles,serving as natural nanocarriers for drug delivery,exhibit excellent biocompatibility in vivo and have significant advantages in the management of ischemic stroke.However,the uncertain distribution and rapid clearance of extracellular vesicles impede their delivery efficiency.By utilizing membrane decoration or by encapsulating therapeutic cargo within extracellular vesicles,their delivery efficacy may be greatly improved.Furthermore,previous studies have indicated that microvesicles,a subset of large-sized extracellular vesicles,can transport mitochondria to neighboring cells,thereby aiding in the restoration of mitochondrial function post-ischemic stroke.Small extracellular vesicles have also demonstrated the capability to transfer mitochondrial components,such as proteins or deoxyribonucleic acid,or their sub-components,for extracellular vesicle-based ischemic stroke therapy.In this review,we undertake a comparative analysis of the isolation techniques employed for extracellular vesicles and present an overview of the current dominant extracellular vesicle modification methodologies.Given the complex facets of treating ischemic stroke,we also delineate various extracellular vesicle modification approaches which are suited to different facets of the treatment process.Moreover,given the burgeoning interest in mitochondrial delivery,we delved into the feasibility and existing research findings on the transportation of mitochondrial fractions or intact mitochondria through small extracellular vesicles and microvesicles to offer a fresh perspective on ischemic stroke therapy.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus 8-mediated inhibition of microRNA let-7a ameliorates sclerosing cholangitis in a clinically relevant mouse model

BACKGROUND Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is characterized by chronic inflammation and it predisposes to cholangiocarcinoma due to lack of effective treatment options.Recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV)provides a promising platform for gene therapy on such kinds of diseases.A microRNA(miRNA)let-7a has been reported to be associated with the progress of PSC but the potential therapeutic implication of inhibition of let-7a on PSC has not been evaluated.AIM To investigate the therapeutic effects of inhibition of a miRNA let-7a transferred by recombinant adeno-associated virus 8(rAAV8)on a xenobiotic-induced mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis.METHODS A xenobiotic-induced mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis was induced by 0.1% 3,5-Diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-Dihydrocollidine(DDC)feeding for 2 wk or 6 wk.A single dose of rAAV8-mediated anti-let-7a-5p sponges or scramble control was injected in vivo into mice onset of DDC feeding.Upon sacrifice,the liver and the serum were collected from each mouse.The hepatobiliary injuries,hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated.The targets of let-7a-5p and downstream molecule NF-κB were detected using Western blot.RESULTS rAAV8-mediated anti-let-7a-5p sponges can depress the expression of let-7a-5p in mice after DDC feeding for 2 wk or 6 wk.The reduced expression of let-7a-5p can alleviate hepato-biliary injuries indicated by serum markers,and prevent the proliferation of cholangiocytes and biliary fibrosis.Furthermore,inhibition of let-7a mediated by rAAV8 can increase the expression of potential target molecules such as suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and Dectin1,which consequently inhibit of NF-κB-mediated hepatic inflammation.CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that a rAAV8 vector designed for liver-specific inhibition of let-7a-5p can potently ameliorate symptoms in a xenobiotic-induced mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis,which provides a possible clinical translation of PSC of human.

Clinical Application and Prospect of New Radiotherapy Technology in Cancer Treatment

Objective: Carbon ion therapy, a new radiotherapy technology, has shown its remarkable efficacy and potential in cancer treatment, especially in the treatment of refractory tumors. Methods: This paper clarifies the physical basis, technological change, and clinical practice effect of carbon ion therapy, comprehensively discusses the future prospects, and evaluates the clinical application effect. Results: The technology has significantly improved the treatment effectiveness and received a positive response from patients. Conclusion: Carbon ion therapy technology has become a major innovation in the field of cancer treatment. It not only has a profound impact on many current cancer therapy methods but also indicates the application blueprint for a wider range of cancer types in the future, showing a new chapter of medical technology advancement.

Clinical Study on Respiratory Medicine Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Combined with Respiratory Failure

Objective:To explore the respiratory medicine treatment methods for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)combined with respiratory failure.Methods:70 cases of COPD patients with combined respiratory failure admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,each with 35 cases.The control group received only conventional treatment,and the experimental group received non-invasive positive pressure ventilation,and the treatment effects and changes in the levels of IL-18,hs-CRP,and CES2 inflammatory factors were observed and evaluated in the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference between the general data of the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,the total effective rate of clinical efficacy of the observation group(91.43%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(71.43%),and the difference showed a significant correlation(P<0.05);after treatment,the level of inflammatory factor of the observation group was significantly reduced compared with that of the control group,and the difference showed a highly significant correlation(P<0.001).Conclusion:The non-invasive positive pressure ventilation treatment program significantly improves the therapeutic effect,effectively controls the level of inflammatory factors,and improves the health status of patients when dealing with patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease accompanied by respiratory failure,showing a good clinical application prospect.

Rho/ROCK pathway and neural regeneration: a potential therapeutic target for central nervous system and optic nerve damage

Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) is a serine/threonine kinase and one of the major downstream effectors of the small GTPase RhoA. The Rho/ROCK pathway is closely related to the pathogenesis of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and involved in many aspects of neuronal functions including neurite outgrowth and retraction. In the adult CNS, the damaged neuron regeneration is very difficult due to the presence of myelin-associated axon growth inhibitors such as Nogo, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein (Omgp), etc. The effects of these axon growth inhibitors are reversed by blocking the Rho/ROCK pathway 47 vitro, and the inhibition of Rho/ROCK pathway can promote axon regeneration and functional recovery in the injured CNS in viva In addition, the therapeutic effects of the Rho/ROCK inhibitors have also been demonstrated in some animal models and the Rho/ROCK pathway becomes an attractive target for the development of drugs for treating CNS disorders. In this review, we summarized on the effect of the Rho and the downstream factor ROCK in neural regeneration, and the potential therapeutic effect of Rho/ROCK inhibitors in the survival and axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cell was also discussed.

Bioactive compounds of sea cucumbers and their therapeutic effects

Abstract Sea cucumbers belong to the Class Holothuroidea of marine invertebrates. They are commercially valuable and prized as a food and folk medicine in Asia. Nutritionally, sea cucumbers have an impressive profile of valuable nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and amino acids. A number of unique biological and pharmacological activities/properties, including anticancer, anticoagulant/antithrombotic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antihypertension and radioprotective, have been ascribed to various compounds isolated from sea cucumbers. The therapeutic properties and medicinal benefits of sea cucumbers can be linked to the presence of a wide array ofbioactives, especially triterpene glycosides, acid mucopolysaccharide, sphingoid bases, glycolipids, fucosylated chondroitin sulfate, polysaccharides, phospholipids, cerebrosides, phosphatidylcholines, and other extracts and hydrolysates. This review highlights the valuable bioactive components as well as the multiple therapeutic properties of sea cucumbers with a view to exploring their potential uses as functional foods and a natural source of new multifunctional drugs.

Therapeutic effect of curcumin on experimental colitis mediated by inhibiting CD8^+ CD11c^+ cells

AIM To verify whether curcumin (Cur) can treat inflammatory bowel disease by regulating CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells. METHODS We evaluated the suppressive effect of Cur on CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells in spleen and Peyer's patches (PPs) in colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Mice with colitis were treated by 200 mg/kg Cur for 7 d. On day 8, the therapeutic effect of Cur was evaluated by visual assessment and histological examination, while co-stimulatory molecules of CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells in the spleen and PPs were measured by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin (IL)-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 in spleen and colonic mucosa were determined by ELISA. RESULTS The disease activity index, colon weight, weight index of colon and histological score of experimental colitis were obviously decreased after Cur treatment, while the body weight and colon length recovered. After treatment with Cur, CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells were decreased in the spleen and PPs, and the expression of major histocompatibility complex., CD205, CD40, CD40L and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was inhibited. IL-10, IFN-gamma and TGF-beta 1 levels were increased compared with those in mice with untreated colitis. CONCLUSION Cur can effectively treat experimental colitis, which is realized by inhibiting CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells.

Observation on the Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture for 60 Cases of Simple Obesity

Simple obesity refers to a disease characterized by body overweight due to excessive calorie intake and over accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. With the improvement of life conditions, obesity has become a factor that impairs the health of the people. From 1997 to 1998, the author had treated 60 cases of simple obesity with acupuncture and obtained satisfactory results. The results of treatment are reported as follows.

OBSERVATION ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF 123 CASES OF SCAPULOHUMERAL PERIARTHRITIS

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of Qinglong Bai Wei Zhen Fa (Green Dragon Shaking Tail Needling) in the treatment of scapulohumeral periarthritis. Methods: A total of 231 cases of scapulohumeral periarthritis patients were randomized into treatment group (n=123) and control group (n=108). In treatment and control groups, Jianyu (LI 15), Jianqian and Jianhou were used as the main acupoints and stimulated with Green Dragon Shaking Tail Needling and conventional needling separately. Additionally, in control group, Waiguan (TE 5) and Binao (LI 14) were supplemented. The treatment was given once daily, with 10 days being a therapeutic course, 2 courses altogether. Results: After the first course of treatment, in treatment and control groups, the cured, the markedly improved, the effective and ineffective cases were 49 and 12, 61 and 33, 11 and 40, 2 and 23, with the total effective rates being 98.4% and 78.7% respectively. There was a marked difference between two groups in the therapeutic effect (P<0.05). Following 2 courses of treatment, the cured, the markedly improved, the effective and ineffective cases were 66 and 21, 47 and 41, 10 and 39, 0 and 7, with the total effective rates being 100% and 93.5% separately. No significant difference between two groups in the total effective rates, but the cure rate of treatment group was strikingly higher than that of control group. Conclusion: Green Dragon Shaking Tail Needling is significantly superior to that of conventional needling in the treatment of scapulohumeral periarthritis.