The paper mainly presents the design of beam-wave interaction of a C-band high-peakpower high-efficiency broadband klystron.The beam-wave interaction section is designed based on considerations of efficiency and bandw...The paper mainly presents the design of beam-wave interaction of a C-band high-peakpower high-efficiency broadband klystron.The beam-wave interaction section is designed based on considerations of efficiency and bandwidth synthetically.As a part of beam-wave interaction section,buncher section is simulated by Particle-In-Cell(PIC) code to observe the bunching process of electron beam to achieve high conversion efficiency of electron beam and RF field.When it comes to the other part,output circuit is designed as a three-section filter by an output cavity loaded with Chebyshev filter,and the cold test results are given.The beam-wave interaction is simulated by EGUN code and Arsenal-MSU code respectively.The simulated results indicated that,the existence of power dips in the operating bandwidth is verified by Arsenal-MSU code,comparing proper results by EGUN code.Then,the method that design parameters are not adjusted except parameters of buncher cavities to remove potential power dips is described.What is more,the simulated results of electron optics system are given by EGUN code and Arsenal-MSU code respectively.The further hot test results of klystron prove that the whole design of beam-wave interaction is effective.展开更多
With the rapid development of wireless technologies,wireless access networks have entered their Fifth-Generation(5G)system phase.The heterogeneous and complex nature of a 5G system,with its numerous technological scen...With the rapid development of wireless technologies,wireless access networks have entered their Fifth-Generation(5G)system phase.The heterogeneous and complex nature of a 5G system,with its numerous technological scenarios,poses significant challenges to wireless resource management,making radio resource optimization an important aspect of Device-to-Device(D2D)communication in such systems.Cellular D2D communication can improve spectrum efficiency,increase system capacity,and reduce base station communication burdens by sharing authorized cell resources;however,can also cause serious interference.Therefore,research focusing on reducing this interference by optimizing the configuration of shared cellular resources has also grown in importance.This paper proposes a novel algorithm to address the problems of co-channel interference and energy efficiency optimization in a long-term evolution network.The proposed algorithm uses the fuzzy clustering method,which employs minimum outage probability to divide D2D users into several groups in order to improve system throughput and reduce interference between users.An efficient power control algorithm based on game theory is also proposed to optimize user transmission power within each group and thereby improve user energy efficiency.Simulation results show that these proposed algorithms can effectively improve system throughput,reduce co-channel interference,and enhance energy efficiency.展开更多
To mitigate interference on celledge users and improve fairness of the whole system, dynamic inter-cell interference coordination(ICIC) is one of the promising solutions. However, traditional dynamic ICIC is considere...To mitigate interference on celledge users and improve fairness of the whole system, dynamic inter-cell interference coordination(ICIC) is one of the promising solutions. However, traditional dynamic ICIC is considered as an NP-hard problem and power variability further adds another dimension to this joint optimization issue, making it even more difficult to quickly reach a near-optimal solution. Therefore, we theoretically obtain the closed-form expression of the near-optimal power allocation ratio for users in adjacent cells paired in the same resource block and interfere each other, so that the total utility corresponding to α-fairness is maximized. Dynamic ICIC using this closed-form solution could improve user fairness without causing an increment of the computational complexity. Numerical results show that, compared with the schemes using identical power for different users, our method does not obviously degrade the system's average spectral efficiency.展开更多
In view of the low ranging efficiency of the conventional fixed frame-length algorithm in the inter-satellite link,an adaptive frame-length algorithm is proposed. The frame length is adjusted adaptively according to t...In view of the low ranging efficiency of the conventional fixed frame-length algorithm in the inter-satellite link,an adaptive frame-length algorithm is proposed. The frame length is adjusted adaptively according to the results of ranging and velocity measuring to improve ranging efficiency. Buffers which enable the frame length to be selected discretely and adaptively are introduced to avoid frequent hopping of the frame-length.Frame length marker is created to automatically identify the frame-length for frame synchronization procedures in receivers. The feasibility and the validity of the proposed algorithm to improve the efficiency of ranging are verified through both theoretic analysis and simulation,and the efficiency improves up to 88% when there are five buffers. This improvement can be further enhanced by increasing the number of buffers. Proper allocation of inter-satellite buffers is required to make a balance between the ranging efficiency and the system complexity.展开更多
HEVC(High efficiency video coding)是新一代的视频编码标准,它仍然采用了与先前视频编码标准H.264/AVC一样的混合视频编码的基本框架,但在各个编码模块都进行了改进和革新。与H.264/AVC相比较,在相同视频质量和应用条件下HEVC的码率...HEVC(High efficiency video coding)是新一代的视频编码标准,它仍然采用了与先前视频编码标准H.264/AVC一样的混合视频编码的基本框架,但在各个编码模块都进行了改进和革新。与H.264/AVC相比较,在相同视频质量和应用条件下HEVC的码率降低将近一半。本文对HEVC的关键技术进行综述,着重研究探讨了帧内和帧间预测技术的原理和实现过程。展开更多
介绍一种基于国产氮化镓(GaN)外延材料的X波段300 W GaN高效率内匹配器件技术。该技术采用大栅宽芯片的大信号有源模型和封装管壳、键合引线、电容等无源模型,开展X波段300 W内匹配功率器件的设计。采用四胞匹配合成电路,使用L-C网络提...介绍一种基于国产氮化镓(GaN)外延材料的X波段300 W GaN高效率内匹配器件技术。该技术采用大栅宽芯片的大信号有源模型和封装管壳、键合引线、电容等无源模型,开展X波段300 W内匹配功率器件的设计。采用四胞匹配合成电路,使用L-C网络提升器件阻抗,通过λ/4阻抗变换网络进行阻抗变换和功率合成,实现阻抗50Ω匹配,功率分配器和匹配电容使用高Q值陶瓷基片实现。仿真实验证明,该器件在9.5~10.5 GHz频率内输出功率大于300 W,功率增益大于9 dB,功率附加效率大于38.9%。同时研究了器件输出功率和功率附加效率随工作电压、脉冲宽度、占空比变化情况。展开更多
文摘The paper mainly presents the design of beam-wave interaction of a C-band high-peakpower high-efficiency broadband klystron.The beam-wave interaction section is designed based on considerations of efficiency and bandwidth synthetically.As a part of beam-wave interaction section,buncher section is simulated by Particle-In-Cell(PIC) code to observe the bunching process of electron beam to achieve high conversion efficiency of electron beam and RF field.When it comes to the other part,output circuit is designed as a three-section filter by an output cavity loaded with Chebyshev filter,and the cold test results are given.The beam-wave interaction is simulated by EGUN code and Arsenal-MSU code respectively.The simulated results indicated that,the existence of power dips in the operating bandwidth is verified by Arsenal-MSU code,comparing proper results by EGUN code.Then,the method that design parameters are not adjusted except parameters of buncher cavities to remove potential power dips is described.What is more,the simulated results of electron optics system are given by EGUN code and Arsenal-MSU code respectively.The further hot test results of klystron prove that the whole design of beam-wave interaction is effective.
基金Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,Saudi Arabia,under grant no.G:734-611-1441.
文摘With the rapid development of wireless technologies,wireless access networks have entered their Fifth-Generation(5G)system phase.The heterogeneous and complex nature of a 5G system,with its numerous technological scenarios,poses significant challenges to wireless resource management,making radio resource optimization an important aspect of Device-to-Device(D2D)communication in such systems.Cellular D2D communication can improve spectrum efficiency,increase system capacity,and reduce base station communication burdens by sharing authorized cell resources;however,can also cause serious interference.Therefore,research focusing on reducing this interference by optimizing the configuration of shared cellular resources has also grown in importance.This paper proposes a novel algorithm to address the problems of co-channel interference and energy efficiency optimization in a long-term evolution network.The proposed algorithm uses the fuzzy clustering method,which employs minimum outage probability to divide D2D users into several groups in order to improve system throughput and reduce interference between users.An efficient power control algorithm based on game theory is also proposed to optimize user transmission power within each group and thereby improve user energy efficiency.Simulation results show that these proposed algorithms can effectively improve system throughput,reduce co-channel interference,and enhance energy efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61501160supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No. 2015HGCH0013
文摘To mitigate interference on celledge users and improve fairness of the whole system, dynamic inter-cell interference coordination(ICIC) is one of the promising solutions. However, traditional dynamic ICIC is considered as an NP-hard problem and power variability further adds another dimension to this joint optimization issue, making it even more difficult to quickly reach a near-optimal solution. Therefore, we theoretically obtain the closed-form expression of the near-optimal power allocation ratio for users in adjacent cells paired in the same resource block and interfere each other, so that the total utility corresponding to α-fairness is maximized. Dynamic ICIC using this closed-form solution could improve user fairness without causing an increment of the computational complexity. Numerical results show that, compared with the schemes using identical power for different users, our method does not obviously degrade the system's average spectral efficiency.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2013AA1548)
文摘In view of the low ranging efficiency of the conventional fixed frame-length algorithm in the inter-satellite link,an adaptive frame-length algorithm is proposed. The frame length is adjusted adaptively according to the results of ranging and velocity measuring to improve ranging efficiency. Buffers which enable the frame length to be selected discretely and adaptively are introduced to avoid frequent hopping of the frame-length.Frame length marker is created to automatically identify the frame-length for frame synchronization procedures in receivers. The feasibility and the validity of the proposed algorithm to improve the efficiency of ranging are verified through both theoretic analysis and simulation,and the efficiency improves up to 88% when there are five buffers. This improvement can be further enhanced by increasing the number of buffers. Proper allocation of inter-satellite buffers is required to make a balance between the ranging efficiency and the system complexity.
文摘HEVC(High efficiency video coding)是新一代的视频编码标准,它仍然采用了与先前视频编码标准H.264/AVC一样的混合视频编码的基本框架,但在各个编码模块都进行了改进和革新。与H.264/AVC相比较,在相同视频质量和应用条件下HEVC的码率降低将近一半。本文对HEVC的关键技术进行综述,着重研究探讨了帧内和帧间预测技术的原理和实现过程。
