FEM COUPLING FIELD ITERATION AND ITS CONVERGENCE FOR A GMM ACTURATOR

The coupling iteration (CI) of the finite element method(FEM) is used to simulate the magnetic and mechanical characteristics for a GMM actuator. The convergent ability under different prestress and different load types is investigated. Then the calculated deformations are compared with the experimental values. The results convince that the CI of FEM is suitable for the simulation of energy coupling and transformation mechanism of the GMM. At last, the output deformation properties are studied under different input currents, showing that there is a good compromise between good linearity and large strain under the prestress 6 MPa.

Iterative coupling reservoir simulation on high performance computers

In this paper, the iterative coupling approach is proposed for applications to solving multiphase flow equation systems in reservoir simulation, as it provides a more flexible time-stepping strategy than existing approaches. The iterative method decouples the whole equation systems into pressure and saturation/concentration equations, and then solves them in sequence, implicitly and semi-implicitly. At each time step, a series of iterations are computed, which involve solving linearized equations using specific tolerances that are iteration dependent. Following convergence of subproblems, material balance is checked. Convergence of time steps is based on material balance errors. Key components of the iterative method include phase scaling for deriving a pressure equation and use of several advanced numerical techniques. The iterative model is implemented for parallel computing platforms and shows high parallel efficiency and scalability.

Modified two-grid method for solving coupled Navier-Stokes/Darcy model based on Newton iteration

A new decoupled two-gird algorithm with the Newton iteration is proposed for solving the coupled Navier-Stokes/Darcy model which describes a fluid flow filtrating through porous media. Moreover the error estimate is given, which shows that the same order of accuracy can be achieved as solving the system directly in the fine mesh when h = H2. Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm for solving the coupled problem.

Metamorphic Manipulating Mechanism Design for MCCB Using Index Reduced Iteration

The present research on moulded case circuit breaker（MCCB） focuses on the enhancement of current-limiting interrupting performance during short circuit, overload, under voltage and phase failure, involving electrics, magnetic, mechanics, thermal, material, friction, arc extinguishing, impact vibration, skin effect, etc. The rigid-flexible coupling of the parts and components of the metamorphic manipulating mechanism in multi-fields leads to the non-rigid, high frequency, high damping, singularity of the Euler-Lagrange equations which represents the multi-body dynamics. The small step iteration which is used for obtaining the instantaneous and short time critical interrupting performance of metamorphic mechanism appears inaccuracy. It is difficult to realize top-down design by existing CAD systems. Therefore, a metamorphic manipulating mechanism design method for MCCB using index reduced iteration（IRI） is put forward. The metamorphic manipulating mechanism of MCCB is decomposed into three mechanisms： main switch connector mechanism, electromagnet-drawbar-jump buckle mechanism, and bimetallic strip-drawbar mechanism, which is respectively described by electro-dynamic force, electromagnet force, and bimetallic strip force. The dummy part（virtual rigid） without moment of inertia and mass is employed as intermediate to join the flexible body and rigid body. The model of rigid-flexible coupling metamorphic mechanism multi-body dynamics is built. The differential algebraic equations（DAEs） of the multibody dynamics model are converted to pure ordinary differential equations（ODEs） by coordinate partition. Order reduced integration with multi-step and variable step-size is preceded based on IRI. The non-linear algebraic equations are solved in each integration step by Newton-Rapson iteration. There is no ill-condition and singularity of Jacobian matrix when step size reduces to zero. The independent prototype design system using ACIS R13, HOOPS V11.0 and Visual C＋＋.NET 2003 has been developed, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method enhances the current-limiting interrupting performance of MCCB, and has reference significance for multi-body dynamics design for similar flexible metamorphic mechanisms in multi-fields.

An elastic-plastic analysis of short-leg shear wall structures during earthquakes

Short-leg shear wall structures are a new form of building structure that combine the merits of both frame and shear wall structures. Its architectural features, structure bearing and engineering cost are reasonable. To analyze the elastic-plastic response of a short-leg shear wall structure during an earthquake, this study modified the multiple-vertical-rod element model of the shear wall, considered the shear lag effect and proposed a multiple-vertical-rod element coupling beam model with a new local stiffness domain. Based on the principle of minimum potential energy and the variational principle, the stiffness matrixes of a short-leg shear wall and a coupling beam are derived in this study. Furthermore, the bending shear correlation for the analysis of different parameters to describe the structure, such as the beam height to span ratio, short-leg shear wall height to thickness ratio, and steel ratio are introduced. The results show that the height to span ratio directly affects the structural integrity; and the short-leg shear wall height to thickness ratio should be limited to a range of approximately 6.0 to 7.0. The design of short-leg shear walls should be in accordance with the ＂strong wall and weak beam＂ principle.

Thermal-Structural Coupled Analysis of ITER Torus Cryo-Pump Housing

An ITER torus cryo-pump housing （TCPH）, which encloses a torus cryo-pump, is connected to a vacuum vessel （VV） by a set of associated double bellows. There are complicated loads due to two different operating states （pumping and regeneration） and foreseeable accidents with the cryo-pump. This paper describes a thermal-structural coupled analysis of the present TCPH according to tho allowatfle stress criteria of RCC-MR, in which the worst cases and outcomes of various load combinations are obtained. Meanwhile, optimization of the structure has been carried oul, to obtain positive analysis results and an adequate safety margin.

Modified variational iteration method for an El Nio Southern Oscillation delayed oscillator

This paper studies a delayed air-sea coupled oscillator describing the physical mechanism of El Nino Southern Oscillation. The approximate expansions of the delayed differential equation＇s solution are obtained successfully by the modified variational iteration method. The numerical results illustrate the effectiveness and correctness of the method by comparing with the exact solution of the reduced model.

Sensor array calibration for uniform rectangular array in presence of mutual coupling and sensor gain-and-phase errors

The sensor array calibration methods tailored to uniform rectangular array(URA)in the presence of mutual coupling and sensor gain-and-phase errors were addressed.First,the mutual coupling model of the URA was studied,and then a set of steering vectors corresponding to distinct locations were numerically computed with the help of several time-disjoint auxiliary sources with known directions.Then,the optimization modeling with respect to the array error matrix(defined by the product of mutual coupling matrix and sensor gain-and-phase errors matrix)was constructed.Two preferable algorithms(called algorithm I and algorithm II)were developed to minimize the cost function.In algorithm I,the array error matrix was regarded as a whole parameter to be estimated,and the exact solution was available.Compared to some existing algorithms with the similar computation framework,algorithm I can make full use of the potentially linear characteristics of URA's error matrix,thus,the calibration precision was obviously enhanced.In algorithm II,the array error matrix was decomposed into two matrix parameters to be optimized.Compared to algorithm I,it can further decrease the number of unknowns and,thereby,yield better estimation accuracy.However,algorithm II was incapable of producing the closed-form solution and the iteration operation was unavoidable.Simulation results validate the excellent performances of the two novel algorithms compared to some existing calibration algorithms.

ITER PF导体缩径机轧辊温升数值模拟研究

文中对ITER PF超导导体缩径机轧辊温升问题进行了数值模拟研究。针对不同导体坯料尺寸和轧辊形状单独建模进行热力耦合数值模拟,基于热力耦合模拟结果构造轧辊传热分析模型,获得了多道次轧制过程中各轧辊的温度场信息,确定了各轧辊处于热平衡状态时的温度场。研究结果表明,各轧辊在轧制400米PF导体后轧辊温度均达到平衡,且平衡状态温度对轧辊性能影响微小,现有成形工艺较为合理。本研究的结果为PF导体缩径机的实际生产工艺及冷却方法的优化提供了有力依据。

带导数非线性项的耦合Tricomi方程组解的破裂

在空间维数n≥2时,研究带导数非线性项的耦合Tricomi方程组的小初值问题。通过定义问题的能量解并构造适当的检验函数,得到关于解的积分泛函的不等式。根据非线性项指数的范围将解的性态研究分为次临界情形及临界情形。在次临界情形利用改进的Kato引理,在临界情形利用迭代方法,证明了问题的解会在有限时间破裂。同时,在次临界情形得到幂次形式解的生命跨度的上界估计,在临界情形得到指数形式解的生命跨度的上界估计,推广了现有文献的结论。

Schwarzschild时空中带记忆项的波动方程耦合方程组解的奇性

本文研究Schwarzschild时空中非线性波动方程耦合方程组的Cauchy问题解的破裂性态.问题的非线性项包含混合型记忆项、组合和幂次型记忆项、组合和导数型记忆项以及组合型记忆项.当非线性项的指数满足一定假设时,利用迭代方法建立解的生命跨度的上界估计.创新之处是在Schwarzschild度量下分析非线性记忆项对解的生命跨度估计的影响.据已有文献所知,定理1.1-1.4中的结果是新的.

基于指数增益迭代学习三轴运动平台轮廓控制

为了得到三轴运动平台精确的轮廓误差估计值,提出了一种基于指数增益型迭代学习的轮廓控制方法。以永磁直线同步电机驱动的三轴运动平台为研究对象,建立三轴运动平台的数学模型,采用泰勒扩展轮廓误差估计法对轮廓误差进行估计,并设计了基于指数增益的PD型迭代学习控制器。采用交叉耦合控制策略,选取按比例的分配方式将轮廓误差补偿到原始参考轮廓上。仿真结果表明,针对给定马鞍形和心形曲线采用指数增益迭代学习比传统迭代学习控制的轮廓误差最大值以及均方差值均有所减小,可证明该方法能够有效减小系统轮廓误差,提升轮廓控制精度。

Multi-Fidelity Simulation of Gas Turbine Overall Performance by Directly Coupling High-Fidelity Models of Multiple Rotating Components

Multi-fidelity simulations incorporate computational fluid dynamics(CFD) models into a thermodynamic model,enabling the simulation of the overall performance of an entire gas turbine with high-fidelity components.Traditional iterative coupled methods rely on characteristic maps,while fully coupled methods directly incorporate high-fidelity simulations.However,fully coupled methods face challenges in simulating rotating components,including weak convergence and complex implementation.To address these challenges,a fully coupled method with logarithmic transformations was developed to directly integrate high-fidelity CFD models of multiple rotating components.The developed fully coupled method was then applied to evaluate the overall performance of a KJ66 micro gas turbine across various off-design simulations.The developed fully coupled method was also compared with the traditional iterative coupled method.Furthermore,experimental data from ground tests were conducted to verify its effectiveness.The convergence history indicated that the proposed fully coupled method exhibited stable convergence,even under far-off-design simulations.The experimental verification demonstrated that the multi-fidelity simulation with the fully coupled method achieved high accuracy in off-design conditions.Further analysis revealed inherent differences in the coupling methods of CFD models between the developed fully coupled and traditional iterative coupled methods.These inherent differences provide valuable insights for reducing errors between the component-level model and CFD models in different coupling methods.The developed fully coupled method,introducing logarithmic transformations,offers more realistic support for the detailed and optimal design of high-fidelity rotating components within the overall performance platform of gas turbines.

增程式发电机的磁热耦合分析及试验研究

随着新能源技术的日益成熟,增程式发电机对于新能源电动汽车的发展也越来越重要。这种增程式发电机的其本质上为永磁同步电机,特点是体积小,功率大,发热量高,所以计算发电机的损耗和分析其稳态运行温度尤为重要,并为此建造一款新型冷却水道,使其产生的发热量降低。首先运用Maxwell建立电机的二维模型并通过Motor-CAD建立等效热网络模型,采用有限元分析方法对电机进行磁-热双向迭代耦合,加入冷却水道,分析电机在稳态运行状态下的电磁性能以及电机温升。最终通过样机试验验证磁-热双向耦合分析温度场的方法的准确性。

车辆-轨道非线性耦合系统显隐式求解算法的收敛性分析

针对车辆-轨道非线性耦合系统的动力学方程联立求解过程,将车辆和轨道分别考虑为2个子系统,通过2个子系统之间的位移协调和轮轨非线性接触力耦合,再结合显隐式积分格式,提出车辆-轨道非线性耦合系统的分离迭代和分离同步两种求解方法,通过算例验证了两种方法的正确性,并对两种求解方法的收敛性进行了对比分析。计算结果表明:显隐式分离迭代法和显隐式分离同步法的最大有效时间步长分别是0.5、0.1 ms;在时间步长较大时,采用Aitken加速法可以起到增强显隐式分离迭代法的计算稳定性的作用,但Aitken加速法的作用会随着时间步长的减小而变小;相同时间步长下显隐式分离同步法的计算效率要比显隐式分离迭代法高,但可以通过选用较大的时间步长来提高显隐式分离迭代法的计算效率。

一类耦合代数Riccati方程的解

耦合代数Riccati方程在控制论中具有广泛的应用,文章研究了一类耦合代数Riccati方程的解。基于M-矩阵和非负矩阵的理论,在一定假设条件下,证明了这类耦合代数Riccati方程存在最小非负解。最后通过数值算例,验证了所得结果的有效性。

基于飞/发性能一体化快速迭代的循环参数匹配

针对150 kN级大涵道比涡扇发动机总体性能参数匹配设计问题,以A340-300飞机对发动机的任务需求为例,采用基于飞/发性能一体化快速迭代优化方法,将飞机/发动机一体化设计与发动机总体性能优化设计进行耦合迭代,对多约束条件下的大涵道比涡扇发动机总体性能方案进行优化设计。结果表明:在保证发动机满足飞机任务需求和任务载荷要求,以及发动机尺寸、质量、污染排放要求等约束条件下,飞机的最大起飞质量较初始方案减轻约14.33%,较A340-300飞机的最大起飞质量减轻约8%~9%;燃油消耗量较初始方案减少约20.6%;在保证发动机与飞机良好匹配性的前提下,通过飞发优化迭代使发动机和飞机的设计难度都有一定程度地降低。采用的研究思路与方法是合理、可行的,具有工程实用价值。

基于数据驱动的凸轮磨削轮廓误差补偿

针对数控凸轮磨削机床在加工过程中存在的周期性、重复性轮廓误差和不易建模等问题,提出一种基于数据驱动的轮廓误差补偿策略。在数控凸轮磨削机床的单轴伺服跟踪系统中加入无模型自适应迭代学习控制,该方法沿迭代轴引入伪偏导数,将复杂的非线性系统动态线性化处理。针对两轴之间由于伺服跟踪误差不同导致的滞后量不同,利用交叉耦合迭代学习控制,将补偿量按照交叉耦合系数反馈到单轴伺服控制系统中,实现对凸轮磨削轮廓误差的补偿。最后通过仿真实验验证了提出的轮廓误差补偿策略可以有效减小凸轮的轮廓误差,提高了数控凸轮磨削机床的加工精度。

NPC三电平整流器的混合参数自适应控制

为降低中点箝位型(neutral point clamped,NPC)三电平整流器的电流谐波,在dq同步旋转坐标系下推导出带中点电压耦合项的NPC三电平整流器数学模型,并分析中点电压对电流控制的影响。对模型中的中点电压耦合项和交流侧等效电阻会增大电流谐波及无法通过常规方法进行准确估计的问题,设计一种混合参数自适应的迭代学习控制方法,以进行解耦控制并消除不确定参数的影响。通过构造Lyapunov函数和理论推导验证控制方法的稳定性。在整流器硬件平台上进行试验验证,结果表明,所设计的控制方法可有效降低电流谐波。

面向多任务动态场景的雷达与干扰空时协同波束联合优化方法

现代雷达对抗形势复杂多变,体系与体系的作战已成为基本特点,而体系整体性能关乎着战场的主动权乃至最终的胜负。通过优化体系中雷达与干扰波束资源可以提升整体性能,获得在空间、时间域优效的低截获探测性能,然而空时域协同波束联合优化是一个复杂多参数耦合的非凸问题。该文针对空时域多任务动态场景,建立了以雷达探测性能为优化目标,以干扰性能以及能量限制为约束条件的优化模型。为求解该模型,该文提出了基于迭代优化的空时协同波束联合设计方法,即以雷达发射、接收、多干扰机发射波束交替迭代优化。其中,针对多干扰机协同优化的不定矩阵二次约束二次规划(QCQP)问题,该文基于可行点追踪-连续凸逼近(FPP-SCA)算法,在SCA算法的基础上,通过引入松弛变量与惩罚项,保证算法在合理松弛度下的可行性,解决了矩阵不定情况下难以获得可行解的问题。仿真表明,在一定的干扰机能量约束下,该文所提方法在保证雷达高性能探测目标且不受干扰情况下,同时实现了多干扰机在空时域干扰对方每个平台以掩护我方雷达探测的效果;相比传统算法,在动态场景中基于FPP-SCA算法的协同干扰具有更优效果。