Progress of systematic psychological interventions in elderly patients with femoral fractures:A comprehensive review

This review aims to gain a deeper understanding of the psychological state of elderly patients with femoral fractures and provide more theoretical and practical support for clinical treatment and care.Through a literature analysis,we found that elderly patients with femoral fractures face various psychological issues such as anxiety,depression,sleep disorders,and social isolation.The application of systematic nursing interventions in clinical practice,including cognitivebehavioral therapy,mindfulness therapy,family therapy,art therapy,interpersonal therapy,emotion-focused therapy,and relaxation training,has yielded significant results.Systematic psychological interventions can improve the psychological state and quality of life of elderly patients with femoral fractures.Therefore,promoting the application and practice of systematic psychological interventions in the clinical care of elderly patients with fractures will provide more effective psychological services to a wider group of patients with fractures in the future.

Arthroplasty vs proximal femoral nails for unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients: a systematic review and metaanalysis

BACKGROUND Proximal femoral nails(PFNs)are the most common method for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures(IFFs),but postoperative bed rest is required.There is a large amount of blood loss during the operation.Osteoporosis in elderly patients may cause nonunion of fractures and other complications.Arthroplasty can give patients early weight bearing and reduce financial burden,but whether it can replace PFNs remains controversial.AIM To compare the clinical outcomes of arthroplasty and PFNs in the treatment of unstable IFFs in elderly patients.METHODS A search was conducted in the PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases and included relevant articles comparing arthroplasty and PFN.The search time was limited from January 1,2005 to November 1,2020.Two investigators independently screened studies,extracted data and evaluated the quality according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.According to the research results,the fixed effect model or random effect model were selected for analysis.The following outcomes were analyzed:Harris Hip score,mortality,complications,operation time,blood loos,hospital stay,weight-bearing time,fracture classification and type of anesthesia.RESULTS We analyzed four randomized controlled trials that met the requirements.A total of 298 patients were included in these studies.According to the AO/OTA classification,there are 20 A1 types,136 A2 types,42 A3 types and 100 unrecorded types.Primary outcome:The Harris Hip Score at the final follow-up of the PFN group was higher[mean difference(MD):9.01,95%confidence interval(CI):16.57 to 1.45),P=0.02].There was no significant difference between the two groups in the rate of overall mortality[risk ratio(RR):1.44,P=0.44]or the number of complications(RR:0.77,P=0.05).Secondary outcomes:blood loss of the arthroplasty group was higher(MD:241.01,95%CI:43.06–438.96,P=0.02);the operation time of the PFN group was shorter(MD:23.12,95%CI:10.46–35.77,P=0.0003);and the length of hospital stay of the arthroplasty group was shorter[MD:0.97,95%CI:1.29 to 0.66),P<0.00001].There was no difference between the two groups in the type of anesthesia(RR:0.99).There were only two studies recording the weight-bearing time,and the time of full weight bearing in the arthroplasty group was significantly earlier.CONCLUSION Compared with PFN,arthroplasty can achieve weight bearing earlier and shorten hospital stay,but it cannot achieve a better clinical outcome.Arthroplasty cannot replace PFNs in the treatment of unstable IFFs in elderly individuals.

Therapeutic Effect of Artificial Femoral Head Replacement and Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation on Elderly Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of artificial femoral head replacement and Proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) in the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 60 elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA and artificial femoral head replacement from 2015.06 to 2018.06, of which 34 were in the PFNA group (Group A) and 26 in the artificial femoral head replacement group (Group B). Statistical analysis of relevant surgical indicators such as surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative blood transfusion, postoperative time to landing, postoperative infection rate, hospital stay, number of secondary operations, postoperative VAS score, and postoperative Hip function score comparison. Results: All 60 patients were followed up for 1 - 24 months. Compared with the artificial femoral head replacement group, the operation time of PFNA group was shorter, the blood loss during operation was less, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: The hip joint function and pain scores of the artificial femoral head replacement group in the early and follow-up periods are better than those of the PFNA group. The artificial femoral head replacement is more suitable for the treatment of elderly unstable intertrochanteric fractures.

Control study of short-term curative effect of minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty using metal-on-metal large-diameter femoral head for the elderly patients with femoral neck fractures

Objective To discuss the postoperative curative effects of two surgical techniques of minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-on-metal largediameter and conventional diameter femoral head for the elderly patients

A comparison of three fixations for intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the elderly

Objective To compare the efficacy of 3 internal fixations,locking proximal femoral plate (LPFP),ASI-AN IMHS and InterTAN,for intertrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients.Methods A retrospective study was done to analyse

Effect of early surgery in high surgical risk geriatric patients with femoral neck fracture and taking antiplatelet agents

AIM: To investigate the effect of early surgical intervention on the high surgical risk elderly patients who sustained femoral neck fracture(FNF) and taking concomitant antiplatelet agents. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2012, a prospective study was conducted on 49 geriatric patients, who took antiplatelet agents, sustained FNF and underwent surgery within 72 h [early surgery(ES) group], and these were compared with a retrospective consecutive case series of patients with similar characteristics(45 cases) who had delayed surgery(DS group) after 72 h during an earlier 3-year period. Postoperative outcomeswere followed for one year and compared. RESULTS: There were non-significant differences in perioperative blood loss, blood transfusion, intensive care unit requirement and postoperative mortality(P > 0.05 all). There were 2 patients(4%) in the DS group who died after surgery(P = 0.23). However, the ES group showed a significantly better postoperative outcome in terms of postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and functional outcome(P < 0.05 all).CONCLUSION: Early hip surgery in geriatric hip fracture patients with ongoing antiplatelet treatment was not associated with a significant increase of perioperative blood loss and postoperative mortality. Moreover, ES resulted in a better postoperative surgical outcome. In early hip surgery protocol, the antiplatelet agents are discontinued and the patient is operated on within 72 h after admission, which is safe and effective for the medically fit patients.

Medial support nail and proximal femoral nail antirotation in the treatment of reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fractures(Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesfrogen/Orthopedic Trauma Association 31-A3.1):a finite-element analysis

Background:The reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fracture is a distinct fracture pattern that is mechanically different from most inter-trochanteric fractures and the optional treatment of it is still controversial.The purpose of this study was to compare differences in the efficacy of a novel nail(medial support nail[MSN-II])and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA-II)in the treatment of reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fractures(Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesfrogen/Orthopedic Trauma Association[AO/OTA]31-A3.1)using finite-element analysis.Methods:Modeling software was used to establish a three-dimensional model of MSN-II and PFNA-II and an A3.1 inter-trochanteric fracture model.Abaqus software was used to implement different force loads to compare finite-element biomechanical parameters such as the maximum stress in implant and the displacement of fracture site.Results:The femoral stress,implant stress and fracture site displacement of MSN-II was less than that of PFNA-II.The results indicated that the maximal femoral stress was 581 MPa for PFNA-II and 443 MPa for the MSN-II.The maximum stress values in the PFNA-II and MSN-II models were 291 and 241 MPa,respectively.The maximal displacements of the fracture site were 1.47 and 1.16 mm in the PFNA-II and MSN-II models,respectively.Conclusions:Compared with PFNA-II for inter-trochanteric fracture(AO/OTA 31-A3.1),MSN-II which was designed with a triangular stability structure can provide better biomechanical stability.The MSN-II may be a feasible option for the treatment of reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fracture.

Modified fixation for periprosthetic supracondylar femur fractures:Two case reports and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Periprosthetic supracondylar femoral fractures(PSFs)present a challenge in terms of optimizing fixation in patients with poor bone quality.Surgical treatment and peri-operative management of PSFs in the elderly remain a burden for orthopedic surgeons.Among different treatment options,locking plate(LP)and retrograde intramedullary nail(RIMN)have shown favorable results.However,reduced mobility and protected weight-bearing are often present in the postoperative older population.With a purpose of allowing for early weight-bearing,a modified nail plate combination(NPC)was redesigned for PSF management.CASE SUMMARY In our cases,two elderly osteoporotic female underwent total knee arthroplasty(TKA),and then suffered from low energy trauma onto their knees after falling to the floor.Plain radiographs or computed tomography scans demonstrated oblique or transverse PSFs,both of which occurred at the distal femur above TKA.The modified NPC technique was performed for treatment of PSFs.The patient was made foot flat weight bearing in 1 wk.At 6-mo follow-up,the union was ultimately achieved using modified NPC with satisfactory implant outcomes.CONCLUSION Neither LP nor RIMN alone may provide adequate support to allow for union in circumstances where the patient has severely osteopenic bone.Therefore,developing a modified implant offer an alternative choice for treating PSFs.These two cases revealed that this technique is a viable option for the geriatric osteoporotic PSFs,offering safe,early weight bearing and favorable clinical outcomes.

Comparison of Proximal Femoral Geometry and Risk Factors between Femoral Neck Fractures and Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures in an Elderly Chinese Population

Background： Few studies have investigated the differences in proximal femoral geometry and risk factors between patients with different types of hip fracture, especially in elderly Chinese. This study aimed to assess the differences in proximal femoral geometry parameters between patients with femoral neck fractures and patients with intertrochanteric fractures to provide guidance for individualized customized prosthesis and accurate reconstruction of proximal femurs in elderly Chinese patients. Methods： We retrospectively studied the electronic medical records of 198 elderly patients over 65 years of age who were admitted to the orthopedic department with hip fractures between January 2017 and December 2017 in The Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University. Age, fracture site, gender, and proximal femoral geometry parameters （.neck shaft angle [NSA], center edge angle [CEA], femoral head diameter [FHD], femoral neck diameter [FND], femoral neck axial length [FNAL], hip axial length [HAL], and femoral shaft diameter [FSD]） were recorded. Student＇s t-test was used to compare the continuous variables, Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables, and multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of hip fracture type. Results： Statistically significant differences in NSA （137.63 ± 4.56° vs. 132.07 ± 4.17°, t = 1.598, P 〈 0.001）, CEA （37.62 ± 6.77° vs. 43.11 ±7.09°, t = 5.597, P 〈 0.001 ）, FND （35.21 ± 3.25 mm vs. 34.09 ±3.82 mm, t = 2.233, P = 0.027）, and FNAL （99.30 ± 7.91 mm vs. 103.58± 8.39 ram, t = 3.715, P 〈 0.001 ） were found between the femoral neck fracture group and femoral intertrochanteric fracture group. FHD, FND, FSD, HAL, and FNAL were different between sexes （all P 〈 0.001 ）. The greater NSA was the risk factor for femoral neck fractures （,odds ratio [OR]： 0.70, P 〈 0.001 ）, greater CEA and longer FNAL were risk factors for femoral intertrochanteric fractures （OR： 1.15, 1.17, all P 〈 0.001）, and greater FND was a protective factor for femoral intertrochanteric fractures （OR： 0.74, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions： We demonstrate differences in geometric morphological parameters of the proximal femur in different hip fracture types, as well as an effect of sex. These differences should he considered in the selection of prostheses for fracture internal fixation and hip replacements. These data could help guide the design of individualized customized prostheses and improve the accurate reconstruction of the proximal femur for elderly Chinese hip fracture patients.

营养状况、骨代谢及股骨颈强度指数和骨髓脂质分数与老年髋部骨折术后关节功能恢复的关系研究

目的探究营养状况、骨代谢及股骨颈强度指数(FSI)和骨髓脂质分数(LF)与老年髋部骨折术后关节功能恢复的关系。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月于原阳县中心医院接受治疗的髋部骨折手术老年患者160例为研究对象。根据患者髋关节功能恢复情况进行分组,恢复良好患者87例纳入良好组,恢复不良患者73例纳入不良组。对比两组患者一般资料、营养状况、骨代谢及FSI和LF。结果良好组年龄≥75岁比例、体重、体质量指数(BMI)、股骨粗隆间骨折比例、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白N端肽(NTX)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TPACP-5b)水平表达均低于不良组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);良好组微型营养评定(MNA)评分、FSI、LF、骨钙蛋白(BGP)水平表达均高于不良组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic回归分析,MNA评分、LF、FSI、NTX、TPACP-5b、BGP水平表达均为影响老年髋部骨折术后关节功能恢复情况的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析,MNA评分、FSI、LF、NTX、TPACP-5b水平表达均对老年髋部骨折术后关节功能恢复情况有较高的预测价值,曲线下面积(AUC)值分别为0.936、0.874、0.866、0.884、0.825;BGP水平表达的AUC值为0.634,可作为次要参考。结论观察行髋部骨折手术的老年患者术后营养状况、骨代谢及股骨颈强度指数和骨髓脂质分数的变化情况,有利于早期预测患者术后髋关节功能恢复情况,从而制定相应防控措施,帮助患者早日康复。

不同手术时点人工股骨头置换术联合加速康复锻炼对高龄老年股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效

目的分析不同手术时点人工股骨头置换术联合加速康复锻炼治疗对高龄老年股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法选择高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者104例,均接受人工股骨头置换术联合加速康复锻炼治疗,根据手术时点进行分组,创伤至手术时间≤24 h为A组(n=55)、>24 h为B组(n=49),比较两组患者围术期指标;分别于术前及术后采用Harris髋关节评分量表评估髋关节功能情况,疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估疼痛程度,Barthel指数评估日常生活能力,比较两组患者术前及术后的白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,统计两组患者术后并发症情况。结果两组患者手术时间、显性失血量、术后首次负重时间及住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组隐性失血量显著高于B组(P<0.05);术后6个月时,A组髋关节功能评分高于B组(P<0.05);术后6个月时,A组日常生活能力评分高于B组(P<0.05);术后7 d时,A组IL-6、IL-10及TNF-α水平比较低于B组(P<0.05);两组患者均未出现远期并发症,近期并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论创伤至手术时间≤24 h接受人工股骨头置换术联合加速康复锻炼治疗可促进高龄老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者髋关节功能及日常生活能力的恢复。

超声引导下股神经及坐骨神经阻滞对老年下肢骨折患者的疗效观察

目的:探讨超声引导下股神经及坐骨神经阻滞(Femoral and sciatic nerve blocks,F-SNB)对老年下肢骨折患者的麻醉效果及不良反应影响。方法:选取河南科技大学第一附属医院麻醉科2020年1月至2022年3月期间120例老年下肢骨折患者,随机分为A组和B组。A组60例给予腰硬联合麻醉(Combined spinal epidural anesthesia,CSEA),B组60例在超声引导下行F-SNB。记录两组的麻醉效果(感觉神经和运动神经阻滞的起效时间与持续时间);于术前、术后1h测定血液高凝状态凝血酶时间(Thrombin time,TT)、凝血酶原时间(Prothrombin time,PT)及活化部分凝血活酶时间(Activated partial thromboplastin time,APTT);于术前、术后24 h测定应激反应水平促肾上腺激素分泌激素(Adreno-cortico-tropic-hormone,ACTH)、皮质醇(Cortisol,COR),并统计两组患者在观察期间的不良反应发生情况。结果:两组的感觉神经和运动神经阻滞的起效时间与持续时间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。术后1 h,B组的TT、PT及APTT较A组延长(P<0.05)。术后24 h,B组的ACTH、COR低于A组(P<0.05)。两组寒战、头痛、恶心呕吐的发生率比较无显著差异(P>0.05);B组术中的低血压、心动过缓发生率低于A组(P<0.05)。结论:超声引导下F-SNB应用于老年下肢骨折患者,与CSEA的阻滞效果相当,但其优势在于不良反应事件风险较低,安全性较好。

老年伴有并存症的股骨颈骨折髋关节置换疗效分析

[目的]评价老年有并存症的股骨颈骨折、髋关节置换及围手术期的治疗等问题。[方法]将1997年6月～2003年12月收治的486例,65岁以上有并存症,GardenⅢ、Ⅳ型股骨颈骨折患者,分别采用全髋关节置换术(THR)和半髋关节置换术(PR)。[结果]486例随访时间18～72个月,平均36.5±6.2个月,两组在并存症等级、手术时间[THR平均(80.5±20.6)min,PR平均(60.2±10.7)min],失血量[THR平均(380.4±150.6)ml,PR平均(230.5±120.2)ml]方面,差异显著(P<0.05)。功能评价按照Harris[1]评分标准,优良率[THR(92.6±1.5)%],PR[(86.2±1.6)%]有显著性差异(P<0.05)。[结论]根据并存症的等级情况,选择全髋或半髋关节置换是治疗伴有并存症的老年股骨颈骨折的较好的方法,有助于安全度过围手术期,恢复功能活动,提高患者生活质量。

老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者围术期并发症的分析

目的探讨髓内固定系统、髓外钉板系统对老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者围术期并发症的影响。方法回顾性分析523例行手术治疗的老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者的临床资料,比较术中应用髓内固定系统(髓内组,369例)和髓外钉板系统(髓外组,154例)患者围术期猝死、深静脉血栓形成、心血管疾病、肺栓塞、脑梗死等全身并发症发生情况,以及有无感染、褥疮等局部并发症发生。结果两组间性别、国际内固定研究协会/美国骨科创伤协会骨折分型、美国麻醉医师学会分级Ⅲ或Ⅳ级的构成比,以及年龄、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。两组共60例患者发生全身和局部并发症,并发症发生率为11.5%(60/523)。髓内组中,40例患者发生并发症,全身并发症和局部并发症发生率分别为8.1%(30/369)和2.7%(10/369)。髓外组中,20例患者发生并发症,全身并发症和局部并发症发生率分别为9.7%(15/154)和3.2%(5/154)。两组间各种全身并发症和局部并发症发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的并发症发生率低,髓外钉板系统与髓内固定系统差异无统计学意义,但前者的局部并发症发生率有高于后者的趋势。

PFNA与PFN内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效评价

目的探讨PFNA(股骨近端抗旋髓内钉)与PFN(股骨近端重建钉)内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗效果。方法 2010年5月~2012年12月采用C臂透视下闭合复位PFNA内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折108例为PFNA组,随机选取同时期病例采用PFN内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折102例为PFN组,记录手术时间、术中出血量、手术前后血红蛋白值、术后完全负重时间、术后并发症及末次随访时患髋Harris评分,对二者的疗效进行回顾性分析比较。结果两组术后均随访8~24个月,PFNA组1例发生下肢深静脉血栓。全部病例未发生螺旋刀片骨内切割、松动移位,骨折全部愈合。PFN组6例发生髋部加压螺钉松动,其中骨折畸形愈合2例,2例行PFNA翻修治疗,2例行人工关节置换补救手术治疗。两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后血红蛋白值、术后完全负重时间、术后并发症比较差异有统计学意义(<0.05)。术前血红蛋白值、末次随访髋关节Harris评分无统计学意义(>0.05)。结论采用PFNA微创内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折可以减少医源性血运破坏、骨质丢失,操作简单、缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量,可有效固定骨折,减少并发症,有利于骨折愈合,临床疗效满意,是老年股骨粗隆间骨折理想的治疗方法。

老年人股骨颈骨折髋关节置换疗效分析

目的 :评价老年人股骨颈骨折髋关节置换临床疗效 ,探讨有关假体选择、并发症、手术时机把握等问题。方法 :回顾分析 1995～ 2 0 0 2年收治的 62例 70岁以上老年人股骨颈骨折应用髋关节置换的治疗方法及效果。结果 :随访 2 2～ 96个月 ,按照Harris[1] 评分标准进行评估显示 ,本组优良率为 83 .9%。全髋置换组明显优于半髋组 ,优良率为 93 .9% ,半髋组则为 46.2 %。结论 :(1)在并存症得到控制稳定后 ,及时地根据病人伤前生活质量来选择全髋或半髋置换是治疗高龄股骨颈骨折的首选方法 ;(2 )强调术中注意观察及处理麻醉开始、扩髓与灌注骨水泥这三个时段病情的变化 ;(3 )陈旧性股骨颈骨折病人术前不适宜牵引。

螺旋刀片髓内钉固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

目的比较专为骨质疏松设计的股骨近端螺旋刀片髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotion,PFNA)与目前临床常用的其他内固定系统在治疗老年股骨转子间骨折中的临床效果。方法2007年6月始采用PFNA治疗28例老年股骨转子间骨折患者,与同期我科采用不同内固定系统(动力髋螺钉、Gamma钉和股骨近端钉)治疗的相同疾病患者相比,分别从手术时间、手术并发症、骨折愈合时间及关节功能恢复情况进行分析。结果髋关节功能优良率73.3%。无感染、股骨颈螺钉切出、骨折断端塌陷吸收、主钉末端股骨干骨折等严重手术并发症;PFNA组手术时间、出血量优于其他内固定组。结论PFNA内固定治疗老年骨质疏松患者转子间骨折操作简单、固定牢固、初期疗效可靠、手术并发症发生率低,是一种理想的内固定方法。

雌激素水平与老年妇女股骨颈骨折的相关性分析

目的通过分析雷洛昔芬辅助治疗老年妇女股骨颈骨折的效果分析,探讨雌激素水平与老年妇女股骨颈骨折的相关性。方法老年妇女股骨颈骨折患者110例根据随机数字表法分为治疗组与对照组各55例,两组都采用内固定治疗,对照组术后口服钙尔奇D600片,治疗组术后开始口服盐酸雷洛昔芬,两组患者都服药3个月。结果治疗组术后第1周与术后第3个月的疼痛评分都明显低于对照组,对比差异明显(P<0.05);同时两组组内不同时间点的疼痛评分对比也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后第1天的患侧髋部骨密度值对比差异无统计学意义,术后第3个月骨密度值都呈现明显上升的趋势(P<0.05),同时治疗组的骨密度值明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组在术后第1个月与术后第3个月的骨折愈合率分别为58.2%和92.7%,都明显高于对照组,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在术后第3个月进行Harris评分,治疗组的优良率为96.4%,对照组优良率为80.0%,治疗组的优良率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论老年妇女股骨颈骨折的发生与体内雌激素水平的下降有一定的相关性,而外源雌激素的加入能缓解疼痛,提高骨密度值,从而促进患者的康复。

老年股骨粗隆间骨折内固定治疗策略及疗效分析

目的探讨老年股骨粗隆间骨折内固定方法的选择及疗效。方法回顾2008年1月-2013年2月间，我院治疗的老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者102例，术前均进行MullerAO分型及Singh分级，按照分型及分级结果选择动力髋（DHs）固定、股骨近端锁定钢板（LCP）或髓内钉定；全部手术均由同一组医生完成，手术治疗中要求复位良好，规范应用内固定技术；术后均常规给予预防下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）、抗骨质疏松及康复治疗。记录患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症及术后髋关节功能恢复情况，进行分析比较。结果随访时间3个月～18个月，平均12．7个月，按照董纪元等髋关节疗效评分标准进行评价，优54例，良42例，可4例，差2例。优良率94．1％。未发生心肺脑并发症，无感染、DVT及死亡病例发生。三组在平均手术时间及术中平均出血量，髓内钉组显著优于其他两组，有统计学意义，LCP组与DHS组之间差异无统计学意义。术后三组疗效比较无统计学意义。结论对于老年股骨粗隆间骨折，选择合适的内固定方式是治疗成功的基础；良好的复位、规范地应用内固定技术，术后积极预防并发症及康复治疗是减少术后并发症及获得良好疗效的关键。

早期系统康复对老年股骨近端骨折的影响

目的评价综合康复治疗对老年股骨近端骨折患者术后疗效的影响。方法 90例采用手术治疗的75岁以上老年股骨近端骨折患者,排除病理性骨折、双侧股骨骨折或以前对侧股骨骨折、痴呆、认知障碍。根据术后有无系统的康复治疗分为康复组46例、对照组44例。康复组术后采取早期系统康复治疗和训练,对照组术后常规康复治疗。比较2组疗效及并发症发生率。结果术后随访6个月,康复组术后并发症发生率为16%,明显少于对照组(36%)(P<0.05);康复组优良率为89%,高于对照组(68%)(P<0.05)。结论手术治疗老年股骨近端骨折能获得可靠的固定,系统的康复训练是保证疗效的重要措施,有助于加快患者术后功能康复,提高生活质量。