A new kind of vanadium bronze with rich lithium (Li_5V_5O_(15))was prepared from Li_2CO_3 and V_2O_5 at 680℃ for 24 hrs. The charge and discharge curves of bronze electrode were determined in organic electrolyte. One...A new kind of vanadium bronze with rich lithium (Li_5V_5O_(15))was prepared from Li_2CO_3 and V_2O_5 at 680℃ for 24 hrs. The charge and discharge curves of bronze electrode were determined in organic electrolyte. One mole of this material could be incorporated up to 4 mole lithium at 0.2mA/cm^2 and 1.0V cut-off voltage, corresponding capacity about 340Ah/kg. Compared with the cell of Li/Li_(1+x)V_3O_5 the cell of Li/new bronze had higher capacity, smoother discberge curve, but lower plateau voltage (about 1.8V). The cycling behaviour of this material was good. The electrode insertion reaction was controlled by the lithium diffusion process in the bronze. This new bronze could be used for low voltage rechargeable lithium battery.展开更多
Several acid compounds have been employed as additives of the V(V) electrolyte for vanadium redox flow battery(VRB) to improve its stability and electrochemical activity. Stability of the V(V) electrolyte with and wit...Several acid compounds have been employed as additives of the V(V) electrolyte for vanadium redox flow battery(VRB) to improve its stability and electrochemical activity. Stability of the V(V) electrolyte with and without additives was investigated with ex-situ heating/cooling treatment at a wide temperature range of-5 ?C to 60 ?C. It was observed that methanesulfonic acid, boric acid, hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid,polyacrylic acid, oxalic acid, methacrylic acid and phosphotungstic acid could improve the stability of the V(V) electrolyte at a certain range of temperature. Their electrochemical behaviors in the V(V) electrolyte were further studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV), steady state polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The results showed that the electrochemical activity, including the reversibility of electrode reaction, the diffusivity of V(V) species, the polarization resistance and the flexibility of charge transfer for the V(V) electrolyte with these additives were all improved compared with the pristine solution.展开更多
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature,which is rich in a large number of benzene ring structures and active functional groups.The molecular structure of lignin has unique designability and controllabi...Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature,which is rich in a large number of benzene ring structures and active functional groups.The molecular structure of lignin has unique designability and controllability,and is a class of functional materials with great application prospects in energy storage and conversion.Here,this review firstly focuses on the concept,classification,and physicochemical property of lignin.Then,the application research of lignin in the field of electrochemical storage materials and devices are summarized,such as lignin-carbon materials and lignin-carbon composites in supercapacitors and secondary batteries.Finally,this review points out the bottlenecks that need to be solved urgently and the prospects for future research priorities.展开更多
A spherical-like Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)(OH)_2 precursor was tuned homogeneously to synthesize LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2 as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.The effects of calcination temperature on t...A spherical-like Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)(OH)_2 precursor was tuned homogeneously to synthesize LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2 as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.The effects of calcination temperature on the crystal structure,morphology,and the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2 were investigated in detail.The as-prepared material was characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,laser particle size analysis,charge–discharge tests,and cyclic voltammetry measurements.The results show that the spherical-like LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2 material obtained by calcination at 900°C displayed the most significant layered structure among samples calcined at various temperatures,with a particle size of approximately 10 μm.It delivered an initial discharge capacity of 189.2 m Ah×g^(-1) at 0.2C with a capacity retention of 94.0% after 100 cycles between 2.7 and 4.3 V.The as-prepared cathode material also exhibited good rate performance,with a discharge capacity of 119.6 m Ah×g^(-1) at 5C.Furthermore,within the cut-off voltage ranges from 2.7 to 4.3,4.4,and 4.5 V,the initial discharge capacities of the calcined samples were 170.7,180.9,and 192.8 m Ah×g^(-1),respectively,at a rate of 1C.The corresponding retentions were 86.8%,80.3%,and 74.4% after 200 cycles,respectively.展开更多
Lithium/polypyrrole （Li/PPy） batteries were fabricated using lithium sheet as cathode, PPy as anode, microporous membrane polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene （PP/PE/PP） composite as separator and LiPF6/ethyle...Lithium/polypyrrole （Li/PPy） batteries were fabricated using lithium sheet as cathode, PPy as anode, microporous membrane polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene （PP/PE/PP） composite as separator and LiPF6/ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate-methyl ethyl carbonate （EC-DMC-EMC） as electrolyte. Polypyrrole was prepared by chemical polymerization. Certain fundamental electrochemical performances were investigated. Properties of the batteries were characterized and tested by SEM, galvanostatic charge/discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry （CV）, and a.c. impedance spectroscopy. The influences of separator, morphology, and conductivity of PPy anode, cold-molded pressure, and electric current on the performances of the batteries were studied. Using PP/PE/PP membranes as separator, the battery showed good storage stability and cycling property. The conductivity of materials rather than morphology affected the behavior of the battery. The higher the conductivity, the better performances the cells had. Proper cold-molded pressure 20 MPa of the anode pellet would make the properties of the cells good and the fitted charge/discharge current was 0.1 mA. The cells showed excellent performance with 97%-100% coulombic efficiency. The highest discharge capacity of 95.2 mAh/g was obtained.展开更多
Pd-capped Mg78Y22 thin films have been prepared by direct current magnetron co-sputtering system at different substrate temperatures and their electrochemical hydrogen storage properties have been investigated.It is f...Pd-capped Mg78Y22 thin films have been prepared by direct current magnetron co-sputtering system at different substrate temperatures and their electrochemical hydrogen storage properties have been investigated.It is found that rising substrate temperature to 60 ℃ can coarsen the surface of thin film,thus facilitating the diffusion of hydrogen atoms and then enhancing its discharge capacity to 1725 mAh·g-1.Simultaneously,the cyclic stability is effectively improved due to the increased adhesion force between film and substrate as a function of temperature.In addition,the specimen exhibits a very long and flat discharge plateau at about —0.67 V,at which nearly 60%of capacity is maintained.The property is favorable for the application in metal hydride/nickel secondary batteries.The results indicate that rising optimal substrate temperature has a beneficial effect on the electrochemical hydrogen storage of Mg-Y thin films.展开更多
Mg secondary batteries are promising scalable secondary batteries for next-generation energy storage.However,Mg-storage cathode materials are greatly demanded to construct high-performance Mg batteries.Electrochemical...Mg secondary batteries are promising scalable secondary batteries for next-generation energy storage.However,Mg-storage cathode materials are greatly demanded to construct high-performance Mg batteries.Electrochemical conversion reaction provides plenty of cathode options,and strategy for cathode selection and performance optimization is of special significance.In this work,Ni0.85Se with nanostructures of dispersive hexagonal nanosheets(D-Ni0.85Se)and flower-like assembled nanosheets(F-Ni0.85Se)is synthesized and investigated as Mg-storage cathodes.Compared with F-Ni0.85Se,D-Ni0.85Se delivers a higher specific capacity of 168 mAh g^-1 at 50 mA g^-1 as well as better rate performance,owing to its faster Mg^2+-diffusion and lower resistance.D-Ni0.85Se also exhibits a superior cycling stability over 500cycles.An investigation on mechanism indicates an evolution of Ni0.85Se towards NiSe with cycling,and the Mg-storage reaction occurs between NiSe and metallic Ni^0.The present work demonstrates that advanced conversion-type Mg battery cathode materials could be constructed by soft selenide anions,and the electrochemical properties could be manipulated by rational material morphology optimization.展开更多
A well-ordered and spherical LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material was successfully synthesized from Ni and Mn concentration-gradient precursors via co-precipitation. The crystal structure, morphology and electrochemic...A well-ordered and spherical LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material was successfully synthesized from Ni and Mn concentration-gradient precursors via co-precipitation. The crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and charge-discharge tests. The material delivered an initial discharge capacity of 174.3 mAh/g at 180 mA/g （1 C rate） between 2.8 and 4.3 V and more than 93.1% of that was retained after 100 cycles. In addition, it also exhibited excellent rate capability, high cut-off voltage and temperature performance.展开更多
溶解铸膜法制备了PVA(聚乙烯醇)-KOH碱性聚合物电解质.用循环伏安和激光拉曼光谱对其电化学稳定性进行了研究,并将其应用于锌镍二次模拟电池.结果表明,该固态电解质具有较好的稳定性,循环寿命远远高于以5 m o l/L KOH水溶液为电解质的...溶解铸膜法制备了PVA(聚乙烯醇)-KOH碱性聚合物电解质.用循环伏安和激光拉曼光谱对其电化学稳定性进行了研究,并将其应用于锌镍二次模拟电池.结果表明,该固态电解质具有较好的稳定性,循环寿命远远高于以5 m o l/L KOH水溶液为电解质的锌镍电池.展开更多
基金This project is supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A new kind of vanadium bronze with rich lithium (Li_5V_5O_(15))was prepared from Li_2CO_3 and V_2O_5 at 680℃ for 24 hrs. The charge and discharge curves of bronze electrode were determined in organic electrolyte. One mole of this material could be incorporated up to 4 mole lithium at 0.2mA/cm^2 and 1.0V cut-off voltage, corresponding capacity about 340Ah/kg. Compared with the cell of Li/Li_(1+x)V_3O_5 the cell of Li/new bronze had higher capacity, smoother discberge curve, but lower plateau voltage (about 1.8V). The cycling behaviour of this material was good. The electrode insertion reaction was controlled by the lithium diffusion process in the bronze. This new bronze could be used for low voltage rechargeable lithium battery.
基金supported by the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20110181110003)the Collaborative innovation fund by China Academyof Engineering Physics and Sichuan University(No.XTCX2011001)the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology R&D Program(No.2013FZ0034)
文摘Several acid compounds have been employed as additives of the V(V) electrolyte for vanadium redox flow battery(VRB) to improve its stability and electrochemical activity. Stability of the V(V) electrolyte with and without additives was investigated with ex-situ heating/cooling treatment at a wide temperature range of-5 ?C to 60 ?C. It was observed that methanesulfonic acid, boric acid, hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid,polyacrylic acid, oxalic acid, methacrylic acid and phosphotungstic acid could improve the stability of the V(V) electrolyte at a certain range of temperature. Their electrochemical behaviors in the V(V) electrolyte were further studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV), steady state polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The results showed that the electrochemical activity, including the reversibility of electrode reaction, the diffusivity of V(V) species, the polarization resistance and the flexibility of charge transfer for the V(V) electrolyte with these additives were all improved compared with the pristine solution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.21908071,21908205,22108135)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,(2020A1515011319)+3 种基金Henan Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.202102210312)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020QB197)CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy(No.E129kf0301)Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education of China(KF201902)。
文摘Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature,which is rich in a large number of benzene ring structures and active functional groups.The molecular structure of lignin has unique designability and controllability,and is a class of functional materials with great application prospects in energy storage and conversion.Here,this review firstly focuses on the concept,classification,and physicochemical property of lignin.Then,the application research of lignin in the field of electrochemical storage materials and devices are summarized,such as lignin-carbon materials and lignin-carbon composites in supercapacitors and secondary batteries.Finally,this review points out the bottlenecks that need to be solved urgently and the prospects for future research priorities.
基金financially supported by NSAF(No.U1530155)Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)of China,US–China Collaboration on Cutting-edge Technology Development of Electric Vehicle,the Nation Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2015CB251100)Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering(No.20131039031)
文摘A spherical-like Ni_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)(OH)_2 precursor was tuned homogeneously to synthesize LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2 as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.The effects of calcination temperature on the crystal structure,morphology,and the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2 were investigated in detail.The as-prepared material was characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,laser particle size analysis,charge–discharge tests,and cyclic voltammetry measurements.The results show that the spherical-like LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_2 material obtained by calcination at 900°C displayed the most significant layered structure among samples calcined at various temperatures,with a particle size of approximately 10 μm.It delivered an initial discharge capacity of 189.2 m Ah×g^(-1) at 0.2C with a capacity retention of 94.0% after 100 cycles between 2.7 and 4.3 V.The as-prepared cathode material also exhibited good rate performance,with a discharge capacity of 119.6 m Ah×g^(-1) at 5C.Furthermore,within the cut-off voltage ranges from 2.7 to 4.3,4.4,and 4.5 V,the initial discharge capacities of the calcined samples were 170.7,180.9,and 192.8 m Ah×g^(-1),respectively,at a rate of 1C.The corresponding retentions were 86.8%,80.3%,and 74.4% after 200 cycles,respectively.
基金the Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Heibei Province (No. 05547003D-4)the Foundation of the Education Department of Hebei Province, China (No. 2005356).
文摘Lithium/polypyrrole （Li/PPy） batteries were fabricated using lithium sheet as cathode, PPy as anode, microporous membrane polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene （PP/PE/PP） composite as separator and LiPF6/ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate-methyl ethyl carbonate （EC-DMC-EMC） as electrolyte. Polypyrrole was prepared by chemical polymerization. Certain fundamental electrochemical performances were investigated. Properties of the batteries were characterized and tested by SEM, galvanostatic charge/discharge tests, cyclic voltammetry （CV）, and a.c. impedance spectroscopy. The influences of separator, morphology, and conductivity of PPy anode, cold-molded pressure, and electric current on the performances of the batteries were studied. Using PP/PE/PP membranes as separator, the battery showed good storage stability and cycling property. The conductivity of materials rather than morphology affected the behavior of the battery. The higher the conductivity, the better performances the cells had. Proper cold-molded pressure 20 MPa of the anode pellet would make the properties of the cells good and the fitted charge/discharge current was 0.1 mA. The cells showed excellent performance with 97%-100% coulombic efficiency. The highest discharge capacity of 95.2 mAh/g was obtained.
基金supported by the MOST of China(No.2010CB631301 and 2012CBA01207)NSFC(No.U1201241,11375020 and 21321001)
文摘Pd-capped Mg78Y22 thin films have been prepared by direct current magnetron co-sputtering system at different substrate temperatures and their electrochemical hydrogen storage properties have been investigated.It is found that rising substrate temperature to 60 ℃ can coarsen the surface of thin film,thus facilitating the diffusion of hydrogen atoms and then enhancing its discharge capacity to 1725 mAh·g-1.Simultaneously,the cyclic stability is effectively improved due to the increased adhesion force between film and substrate as a function of temperature.In addition,the specimen exhibits a very long and flat discharge plateau at about —0.67 V,at which nearly 60%of capacity is maintained.The property is favorable for the application in metal hydride/nickel secondary batteries.The results indicate that rising optimal substrate temperature has a beneficial effect on the electrochemical hydrogen storage of Mg-Y thin films.
基金financially supported by Intergovernmental International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Project(2019YFE010186)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019CFB452 and 2019CFB620)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Mg secondary batteries are promising scalable secondary batteries for next-generation energy storage.However,Mg-storage cathode materials are greatly demanded to construct high-performance Mg batteries.Electrochemical conversion reaction provides plenty of cathode options,and strategy for cathode selection and performance optimization is of special significance.In this work,Ni0.85Se with nanostructures of dispersive hexagonal nanosheets(D-Ni0.85Se)and flower-like assembled nanosheets(F-Ni0.85Se)is synthesized and investigated as Mg-storage cathodes.Compared with F-Ni0.85Se,D-Ni0.85Se delivers a higher specific capacity of 168 mAh g^-1 at 50 mA g^-1 as well as better rate performance,owing to its faster Mg^2+-diffusion and lower resistance.D-Ni0.85Se also exhibits a superior cycling stability over 500cycles.An investigation on mechanism indicates an evolution of Ni0.85Se towards NiSe with cycling,and the Mg-storage reaction occurs between NiSe and metallic Ni^0.The present work demonstrates that advanced conversion-type Mg battery cathode materials could be constructed by soft selenide anions,and the electrochemical properties could be manipulated by rational material morphology optimization.
文摘A well-ordered and spherical LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material was successfully synthesized from Ni and Mn concentration-gradient precursors via co-precipitation. The crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and charge-discharge tests. The material delivered an initial discharge capacity of 174.3 mAh/g at 180 mA/g （1 C rate） between 2.8 and 4.3 V and more than 93.1% of that was retained after 100 cycles. In addition, it also exhibited excellent rate capability, high cut-off voltage and temperature performance.
