Cracks resulting from cyclic wetting and drying of expansive soils create discontinuities and anisotropy in the soil.The representative elementary volume(REV)defined by the continuous-media theory cannot be applied to...Cracks resulting from cyclic wetting and drying of expansive soils create discontinuities and anisotropy in the soil.The representative elementary volume(REV)defined by the continuous-media theory cannot be applied to cracked expansive soils that are considered discontinuous media.In this study,direct shear tests of three different scales(30 cm^(2),900 cm^(2),1963 cm^(2))and crack image analysis were carried out on undisturbed soil samples subjected to drying-wetting cycles in-situ.The REV size of expansive soil was investigated using the crack intensity factor(CIF)and soil cohesion.The results show that soil cohesion decreased with increasing sample area,and the development of secondary cracks further exacerbated the size effect of sample on cohesion of the soil.As shrinkage cracks developed,the REV size of the soil gradually increased and plateaued after 3−5 cycles.Under the same drying-wetting cycle conditions,the REV size determined using soil cohesion(REV-C)is 1.75 to 2.97 times the REV size determined using CIF(REV-CIF).Under the influence of shrinkage cracks,the average CIF is positively correlated with the REV size determined using different maximum permissible errors,with the coefficient of correlation greater than 0.9.A method for determining the REV-C based on crack image analysis is proposed,and the REV-C of expansive soil in the study area under different exposure times is given.展开更多
We generalize Biggs Theorem to the case of directed cycles of multi-digraphs allowing to compute the dimension of the directed cycle space independently of the graph representation with linear runtime complexity. By c...We generalize Biggs Theorem to the case of directed cycles of multi-digraphs allowing to compute the dimension of the directed cycle space independently of the graph representation with linear runtime complexity. By considering two-dimensional CW complex of elementary cycles and deriving formulas for the Betti numbers of the associated cellular homology groups, we extend the list of representation independent topological inavariants measuring the graph structure. We prove the computation of the 2nd Betti number to be sharp #<em>P</em> hard in general and present specific representation invariant sub-fillings yielding efficiently computable homology groups. Finally, we suggest how to use the provided structural measures to shed new light on graph theoretical problems as <em>graph embeddings</em>, <em>discrete Morse theory </em>and<em> graph clustering</em>.展开更多
Objective:The purpose of this study was to observe the anti-cancer activity of Tonglian decoction(TD)on esophageal cancer(EC)cells in vitro,and to elucidate the related molecular mechanisms in the cell cycle and PI3K/...Objective:The purpose of this study was to observe the anti-cancer activity of Tonglian decoction(TD)on esophageal cancer(EC)cells in vitro,and to elucidate the related molecular mechanisms in the cell cycle and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Methods:EC9706 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10%calf serum at 37C in a 5%CO2 incubator.The cells were treated with rat serum containing TD or the serum of rats administered Xiaoaiping as a positive control drug.Cell proliferation was assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assays.Cell morphology was observed under a microscope.The cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry.Protein expression in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was measured by western blotting.Results:TD mainly inhibited cell proliferation.Concentrations of 50%cell inhibition by rat serum containing TD or Xiaoaiping were 73.6 and 153.8 mL/mL,respectively.TD also influenced cell morphology characterized by small shrunken cells.Cell colonies became small and the cell proliferation rate was slower.In cell cycle analysis,the percentage of cells in S phase was decreased significantly by TD and Xiaoaiping compared with the blank control group(P<.05).Western blotting showed that serum containing TD strongly downregulated EGFR,PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,and mTOR expression compared with the blank control group(P<.05).Conclusion:TD could inhibit EC9706 carcinoma cell proliferation by blocking the cell cycle progression in S phase.The possible mechanism was inhibition of multiple targets in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by TD.展开更多
In this paper, we define some new sets of non-elementary functions in a group of solutions x(t) that are sine and cosine to the upper limit of integration in a non-elementary integral that can be arbitrary. We are usi...In this paper, we define some new sets of non-elementary functions in a group of solutions x(t) that are sine and cosine to the upper limit of integration in a non-elementary integral that can be arbitrary. We are using Abel’s methods, described by Armitage and Eberlein. The key is to start with a non-elementary integral function, differentiating and inverting, and then define a set of three functions that belong together. Differentiating these functions twice gives second-order nonlinear ODEs that have the defined set of functions as solutions. We will study some of the second-order nonlinear ODEs, especially those that exhibit limit cycles. Using the methods described in this paper, it is possible to define many other sets of non-elementary functions that are giving solutions to some second-order nonlinear autonomous ODEs.展开更多
为探索角色体验法融人戴明循环在高级综合模拟人(emergency care simulator,ECS)模拟教学的应用及其效果,在武汉科技大学医学院10级225名医学生临床实习前的技能强化训练中,使用ECS综合模拟人通过角色体验案例设计教学进行模拟培训和试...为探索角色体验法融人戴明循环在高级综合模拟人(emergency care simulator,ECS)模拟教学的应用及其效果,在武汉科技大学医学院10级225名医学生临床实习前的技能强化训练中,使用ECS综合模拟人通过角色体验案例设计教学进行模拟培训和试卷问答,应用戴明循环发现问题并解决。经过第2个、第3个戴明循环后学生的病史采集、体格检查、初步诊断及鉴别等临床技能明显提高(P<0.05),94%的学生愿意接收这种新形式的临床培训,并对这样的教学形式表示满意。角色体验法融入戴明循环应用于ECS实践教学可激发学生学习兴趣,提高其技能操作水平,从而为以后的临床工作打下坚实的基础。展开更多
where 0<λ<1, μ>1>γ,β>0. The system (1.1) is an actual model in many fields of engineering. For β= 0, 1 + λ + μ<2, a qualitative analysis has been considered. One concrete example of (1.1) has ...where 0<λ<1, μ>1>γ,β>0. The system (1.1) is an actual model in many fields of engineering. For β= 0, 1 + λ + μ<2, a qualitative analysis has been considered. One concrete example of (1.1) has been discussed by an isocline method. With regard to (1.1) for a=0 or b=0 there are problems of limit展开更多
给出了西安市纯电动城市客车行驶工况开发的流程、路线、数据采集及合成方法,合成出西安市纯电动城市客车综合行驶工况(XiBUS)。基于主成分分析与聚类分析法,解析西安市纯电动城市客车拥堵行驶、一般行驶、通畅行驶3类典型代表工况,分...给出了西安市纯电动城市客车行驶工况开发的流程、路线、数据采集及合成方法,合成出西安市纯电动城市客车综合行驶工况(XiBUS)。基于主成分分析与聚类分析法,解析西安市纯电动城市客车拥堵行驶、一般行驶、通畅行驶3类典型代表工况,分析了西安市纯电动城市客车综合行驶工况及ECE(Economic Commission for Europe)工况与试验数据总体之间的误差,将合成的西安市纯电动城市客车工况与ECE工况做了仿真对比分析,并将西安市纯电动城市客车行驶工况与典型城市工况做了对比分析。结果表明,合成的西安纯电动公交工况(XiBUS)误差最小,更接近西安市纯电动城市客车实际工况,ECE工况误差较大,不能反映西安纯电动城市客车实际工况;XiBUS工况与ECE工况差别较大,XiBUS比ECE工况对客车的能耗要求更高。展开更多
基金Project(41472240)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2015B25514,2015B17214)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘Cracks resulting from cyclic wetting and drying of expansive soils create discontinuities and anisotropy in the soil.The representative elementary volume(REV)defined by the continuous-media theory cannot be applied to cracked expansive soils that are considered discontinuous media.In this study,direct shear tests of three different scales(30 cm^(2),900 cm^(2),1963 cm^(2))and crack image analysis were carried out on undisturbed soil samples subjected to drying-wetting cycles in-situ.The REV size of expansive soil was investigated using the crack intensity factor(CIF)and soil cohesion.The results show that soil cohesion decreased with increasing sample area,and the development of secondary cracks further exacerbated the size effect of sample on cohesion of the soil.As shrinkage cracks developed,the REV size of the soil gradually increased and plateaued after 3−5 cycles.Under the same drying-wetting cycle conditions,the REV size determined using soil cohesion(REV-C)is 1.75 to 2.97 times the REV size determined using CIF(REV-CIF).Under the influence of shrinkage cracks,the average CIF is positively correlated with the REV size determined using different maximum permissible errors,with the coefficient of correlation greater than 0.9.A method for determining the REV-C based on crack image analysis is proposed,and the REV-C of expansive soil in the study area under different exposure times is given.
文摘We generalize Biggs Theorem to the case of directed cycles of multi-digraphs allowing to compute the dimension of the directed cycle space independently of the graph representation with linear runtime complexity. By considering two-dimensional CW complex of elementary cycles and deriving formulas for the Betti numbers of the associated cellular homology groups, we extend the list of representation independent topological inavariants measuring the graph structure. We prove the computation of the 2nd Betti number to be sharp #<em>P</em> hard in general and present specific representation invariant sub-fillings yielding efficiently computable homology groups. Finally, we suggest how to use the provided structural measures to shed new light on graph theoretical problems as <em>graph embeddings</em>, <em>discrete Morse theory </em>and<em> graph clustering</em>.
基金the National Natural Science Fund of China(81101912)Natural Science Fund of Hebei Province of China(H2013209053)Scientific and Technological Project of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei(2014185)。
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study was to observe the anti-cancer activity of Tonglian decoction(TD)on esophageal cancer(EC)cells in vitro,and to elucidate the related molecular mechanisms in the cell cycle and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Methods:EC9706 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10%calf serum at 37C in a 5%CO2 incubator.The cells were treated with rat serum containing TD or the serum of rats administered Xiaoaiping as a positive control drug.Cell proliferation was assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assays.Cell morphology was observed under a microscope.The cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry.Protein expression in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was measured by western blotting.Results:TD mainly inhibited cell proliferation.Concentrations of 50%cell inhibition by rat serum containing TD or Xiaoaiping were 73.6 and 153.8 mL/mL,respectively.TD also influenced cell morphology characterized by small shrunken cells.Cell colonies became small and the cell proliferation rate was slower.In cell cycle analysis,the percentage of cells in S phase was decreased significantly by TD and Xiaoaiping compared with the blank control group(P<.05).Western blotting showed that serum containing TD strongly downregulated EGFR,PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,and mTOR expression compared with the blank control group(P<.05).Conclusion:TD could inhibit EC9706 carcinoma cell proliferation by blocking the cell cycle progression in S phase.The possible mechanism was inhibition of multiple targets in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by TD.
文摘In this paper, we define some new sets of non-elementary functions in a group of solutions x(t) that are sine and cosine to the upper limit of integration in a non-elementary integral that can be arbitrary. We are using Abel’s methods, described by Armitage and Eberlein. The key is to start with a non-elementary integral function, differentiating and inverting, and then define a set of three functions that belong together. Differentiating these functions twice gives second-order nonlinear ODEs that have the defined set of functions as solutions. We will study some of the second-order nonlinear ODEs, especially those that exhibit limit cycles. Using the methods described in this paper, it is possible to define many other sets of non-elementary functions that are giving solutions to some second-order nonlinear autonomous ODEs.
文摘为探索角色体验法融人戴明循环在高级综合模拟人(emergency care simulator,ECS)模拟教学的应用及其效果,在武汉科技大学医学院10级225名医学生临床实习前的技能强化训练中,使用ECS综合模拟人通过角色体验案例设计教学进行模拟培训和试卷问答,应用戴明循环发现问题并解决。经过第2个、第3个戴明循环后学生的病史采集、体格检查、初步诊断及鉴别等临床技能明显提高(P<0.05),94%的学生愿意接收这种新形式的临床培训,并对这样的教学形式表示满意。角色体验法融入戴明循环应用于ECS实践教学可激发学生学习兴趣,提高其技能操作水平,从而为以后的临床工作打下坚实的基础。
文摘where 0<λ<1, μ>1>γ,β>0. The system (1.1) is an actual model in many fields of engineering. For β= 0, 1 + λ + μ<2, a qualitative analysis has been considered. One concrete example of (1.1) has been discussed by an isocline method. With regard to (1.1) for a=0 or b=0 there are problems of limit
文摘给出了西安市纯电动城市客车行驶工况开发的流程、路线、数据采集及合成方法,合成出西安市纯电动城市客车综合行驶工况(XiBUS)。基于主成分分析与聚类分析法,解析西安市纯电动城市客车拥堵行驶、一般行驶、通畅行驶3类典型代表工况,分析了西安市纯电动城市客车综合行驶工况及ECE(Economic Commission for Europe)工况与试验数据总体之间的误差,将合成的西安市纯电动城市客车工况与ECE工况做了仿真对比分析,并将西安市纯电动城市客车行驶工况与典型城市工况做了对比分析。结果表明,合成的西安纯电动公交工况(XiBUS)误差最小,更接近西安市纯电动城市客车实际工况,ECE工况误差较大,不能反映西安纯电动城市客车实际工况;XiBUS工况与ECE工况差别较大,XiBUS比ECE工况对客车的能耗要求更高。
