The rapid detection of glyphosate resistance in goosegrass（Eleusine indica） will enhance our ability to respond to new resistant populations of this major weed. Chlorophyll fluorescence（Fluo） and P700（reaction ce...The rapid detection of glyphosate resistance in goosegrass（Eleusine indica） will enhance our ability to respond to new resistant populations of this major weed. Chlorophyll fluorescence（Fluo） and P700（reaction center chlorophyll of photosystem I） absorbance were analyzed in one biotype of goosegrass that is resistant to glyphosate and in another that remains sensitive to the herbicide. Both biotypes were treated with a foliar spray of glyphosate. Differences in photosystem II maximum quantum yield（Fv/Fm）, effective photochemical quantum yield（Y（II））, and non-photochemical quenching（NPQ） between the biotypes increased over time. Values for Fv/Fm and Y（II） differed between the two biotypes 24 h after treatment（HAT）. Differentiated activities and energy dissipation processes of photosystem II（PSII） and energy dissipation processes of photosystem I（PSI） were manifested in the two biotypes 24 HAT with 20 mmol L–1 glyphosate. Differentiated energy dissipation processes of PSI were still apparent 24 HAT with 200 mmol L–1 glyphosate. These results indicate that the Fluo parameters related to PSII activity and energy dissipation and the P700 parameters related to energy dissipation are suitable indicators that enable rapid detection of glyphosate resistance in goosegrass.展开更多
Objective:To assess the anticonvulsant potentials of ethanolic extract of Eleusine indica.Methods:Albino Wistar mice were separated into five groups with six animals in each group and thereafter pretreated with distil...Objective:To assess the anticonvulsant potentials of ethanolic extract of Eleusine indica.Methods:Albino Wistar mice were separated into five groups with six animals in each group and thereafter pretreated with distilled water,various doses of the extract(200-600 mg/kg)and standard drug diazepam(0.5 mg/kg).Thirty minutes later,pentylenetetrazole(70 mg/kg),aminophylline(280 mg/kg)and isoniazid(250 mg/kg)were used to induce convulsions by intraperitoneal administration.These mice were then placed in plexiglas cages and monitored for the occurrence of seizures over a thirty-minute time period.The latency of convulsions,duration of tonic convulsions and mortality protection were recorded.Data obtained were analyzed using GraphPad InStat 3.10.Results:The results showed that the extract exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the latency of clonic convulsions and decrease in duration of tonic convulsions as compared to the control and these effects were statistically significant(P<0.001).The extract also provided protection against the mortality which was similar to that produced by the standard drug diazepam.Conclusions:The significant increase in the latency of clonic convulsions and decrease in duration of tonic convulsions caused by the extract show anticonvulsant activity and corroborate with the claims of the traditional use of the plant as an anticonvulsant remedy.展开更多
基金supported by the Agricultural Research Project in Guangdong Province,China (2012A020100009)
文摘The rapid detection of glyphosate resistance in goosegrass（Eleusine indica） will enhance our ability to respond to new resistant populations of this major weed. Chlorophyll fluorescence（Fluo） and P700（reaction center chlorophyll of photosystem I） absorbance were analyzed in one biotype of goosegrass that is resistant to glyphosate and in another that remains sensitive to the herbicide. Both biotypes were treated with a foliar spray of glyphosate. Differences in photosystem II maximum quantum yield（Fv/Fm）, effective photochemical quantum yield（Y（II））, and non-photochemical quenching（NPQ） between the biotypes increased over time. Values for Fv/Fm and Y（II） differed between the two biotypes 24 h after treatment（HAT）. Differentiated activities and energy dissipation processes of photosystem II（PSII） and energy dissipation processes of photosystem I（PSI） were manifested in the two biotypes 24 HAT with 20 mmol L–1 glyphosate. Differentiated energy dissipation processes of PSI were still apparent 24 HAT with 200 mmol L–1 glyphosate. These results indicate that the Fluo parameters related to PSII activity and energy dissipation and the P700 parameters related to energy dissipation are suitable indicators that enable rapid detection of glyphosate resistance in goosegrass.
基金Supported by Education Trust Fund of the University of Uyo(Grant No.ETF 057).
文摘Objective:To assess the anticonvulsant potentials of ethanolic extract of Eleusine indica.Methods:Albino Wistar mice were separated into five groups with six animals in each group and thereafter pretreated with distilled water,various doses of the extract(200-600 mg/kg)and standard drug diazepam(0.5 mg/kg).Thirty minutes later,pentylenetetrazole(70 mg/kg),aminophylline(280 mg/kg)and isoniazid(250 mg/kg)were used to induce convulsions by intraperitoneal administration.These mice were then placed in plexiglas cages and monitored for the occurrence of seizures over a thirty-minute time period.The latency of convulsions,duration of tonic convulsions and mortality protection were recorded.Data obtained were analyzed using GraphPad InStat 3.10.Results:The results showed that the extract exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the latency of clonic convulsions and decrease in duration of tonic convulsions as compared to the control and these effects were statistically significant(P<0.001).The extract also provided protection against the mortality which was similar to that produced by the standard drug diazepam.Conclusions:The significant increase in the latency of clonic convulsions and decrease in duration of tonic convulsions caused by the extract show anticonvulsant activity and corroborate with the claims of the traditional use of the plant as an anticonvulsant remedy.
