Effects of internal iliac artery embolization on systemic inflammatory response syndrome in dogs with simulatedpelvic-fracture combined with massive bleeding

Background: Pelvic fracture combined with massive bleeding(PFCMB) is a complex issue in clinical practice. Currently, the use of angiography and embolization for the treatment of PFCMB obtains good results. The aim of this study is to observe the effects of early internal iliac artery embolization on the systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) in dogs with simulated-pelvic-fracture combined with massive bleeding.Methods: Twenty adult dogs were randomly divided into an embolization group(EG) and a control group(CG). For the two groups, heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature and other physiological variables were measured, and IL-6, TNF-α and arterial blood gas levels were monitored. These variables were assayed every 30 min until death in the CG, while dogs in the EG underwent arterial angiography after 60 min of modeling. The internal iliac artery was embolized on the injured side.Results: The average time to SIRS in the CG was 3.56 h, occurring at a rate of 90%(9/10) within 24 h, with a mortality rate of 50%(5/10); the average time to SIRS for the EG was 5.33 h, occurring at a rate of 30%(3/10) within 24 h, with a mortality rate of 10%(1/10). When SIRS occurred in the EG, the mean plasma IL-6 level was 52.66±7.38pg/ml and the TNF-ps, tα level was 11.45±2.72ng/ml, showing a significant difference with those of the CG(P<0.05). In the two grouhe respiratory rate and leukocyte levels were higher at each monitored time after modeling than those before modeling; the mean arterial pressure, levels of hemoglobin and oxygen partial pressure were significantly lower at each time point after modeling than those before modeling except for the mean arterial pressure at 0h in EG; the platelet levels at 4 and 8h were higher than those before modeling; and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). In the EG, the mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and hemoglobin levels at 2, 4 and 8h were lower than those at 0h; the levels of leukocytes, platelets and carbon dioxide partial pressure at 4 and 8h after modeling were higher than those at 0h, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05, P<0.01); in the CG after modeling, the mean arterial pressure, levels of hemoglobin and carbon dioxide partial pressure at 2, 4 and 8h were lower than those at 0h; the levels of heart rate and leukocytes were higher than those before modeling; the respiratory rate and platelet levels at 4 and 8h were higher than those at 0h; and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The levels of the mean arterial pressure and hemoglobin at 4 and 8h and the p H values at 8h after modeling in the EG were significantly higher than those in the CG, while the heart rate and respiratory rate at 4 and 8h were significantly lower than those in the CG. The p H values at 8h after modeling were significantly lower than those of the other monitored times in the CG(P<0.05, P<0.01). The two groups had elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase after injury induction.Conclusion: Through the use of an on-spot interventional treatment cabin, early internal iliac artery embolization can control bleeding associated with pelvic fractures, delay the occurrence of SIRS, and improve the success rate of the treatment of pelvic fracture combined with bleeding.

Central retinal artery occlusion after endovascular coil embolization for internal carotid artery aneurysm

Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report an unexpected rare caseofcentralretinalarteryocclusion(CRAO)happened after stent-assisted coiling for internal carotid artery(ICA)aneurysm in a female patient.CRAO is a devastating ocular emergency with poor visual prognosis and no universal acceptedtreatmentatpresent.CRAOisusuallyassociated witharterialhypertension,diabetesmellitus,renaldisease.

Emergency internal iliac artery temporary occlusion after massive hemorrhage during surgery of cesarean scar pregnancy:A case report

BACKGROUND Cesarean scar pregnancy(CSP)is rare but may result in uterine rupture during pregnancy or massive hemorrhage during abortion procedures.Awareness of this condition is increasing,and most patients with CSP are now diagnosed early and can be managed safely.However,some atypical patients are misdiagnosed,and their surgical risks are underestimated,increasing the risk of fatal hemorrhage.CASE SUMMARY A 27-year-old Asian woman visited our institution because of abnormal pregnancy,and she was diagnosed with a hydatidiform mole through transvaginal ultrasound(TVS).Under hysteroscopy,a large amount of placental tissue was found in the scar of the lower uterine segment,and a sudden massive hemorrhage occurred during the removal process.The bilateral internal iliac arteries were temporarily blocked under laparoscopy,and scar resection and repair were rapidly performed.She was discharged in good condition 5 d after the operation.CONCLUSION Although TVS is widely used in the diagnosis of CSP,delays in the diagnosis of atypical CSP remain.Surgical treatment following internal iliac artery temporary occlusion may be an appropriate management method for unanticipated massive hemorrhage during CSP surgery.

Acute onset of massive epistaxis due to post-traumatic cavernous internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm: A case report

Rationale:Cavernous internal carotid artery(ICA)pseudoaneurysm caused by non-penetrating head trauma is a rare cause of massive epistaxis.The sudden onset of epistaxis due to such a fatal aneurysm protruding into the sphenoid sinus is extremely rare in clinical practice.The management is often challenging because of anatomical inaccessibility of the bleeding point.Patient's concern:A 42-year-old man with a history of head trauma showing an ICA aneurysm eroding the sphenoid sinus followed by massive epistaxis.Diagnosis:A computerized tomography(CT)scan showed a fracture in the sphenoid sinus.CT angiogram revealed cavernous ICA pseudoaneurysm.Interventions:Endovascular coil embolization.Outcomes:The patient recovered well and was discharged without any neurological deficits Lessons:Cavernous ICA pseudoaneurysm may lead to a life-threatening situation.If a patient has a history of head trauma,post-traumatic cavernous ICA pseudoaneurysm should be considered a differential diagnosis of massive epistaxis.

Selective Internal Iliac Artery Oxaliplatin Infusion： Another Facultative Treatment to Unremitting Hematuria in Stage T4 Bladder Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE To observe and evaluate the value of utilizing selective internal iliac artery infusion and selective internal iliac artery embolization for the treatment of unremitting gross hematuria of stage T4 bladder carcinoma. METHODS Fifty-eight stage T4 bladder carcinoma patients were selected. The patients were grouped to the TAI group and the TAE group. The main symptom of hemorrhage was gross hematuria. None of the patients in our study could receive trunk embolization. The infusion plan was oxaliplatin （100 mg/m2） and epirubicin （EPI 50mg/m2）. Embolization was done with coils or strips of gelatin sponge. The duration of gross hematuria was observed. Routine urinalysis and routine blood examination were performed. EORTC QLQ-C30 was used to evaluate the quality of life before and after treatment. RESULTS Gross hematuria and hematuria by light microscope in all patients were reviewed. Resolution time of gross hematuria in the TAI group was 6.7 ± 1.8 days and that in the TAE group was 3.5 ± 0.7 days. The changes in routine urianlysis, routine blood examination and EORTC QLQ-C30 are shown in Figs.l-3. Gross hematuria disappeared in both groups within 7 days after treatment, but the time for the gross hematuria to resolve in the TAE group was much less than that in TAI group （t = 2.51, P 〈 0.01）, and there were no significant differences in the 7th and 21st day between the 2 groups. On the 90th day, the number of erythrocytes in the urine was near 30, close to gross hematuria. The EORTC QLQ-C30 scores decreased after interventional therapy in both groups, which means that quality of life was increased, but there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION Selective internal iliac artery infusion and selective internal iliac artery embolization are safe, and, in our study, therapeutic efficacy was satisfactory in treating unremitting gross hematuria of stage T4 bladder carcinoma in patients who could not receive trunk embolization. TAE can stop gross hematuria in the short term, but it can be used just once and the long-term therapeutic effect is not satisfactory. TAI had a therapeutic effect similar to TAE, but for a shorter duration, and TAI can be performed multiple times. TAI is one of the facultative treatments for treating gross hematuria of stage T4 bladder carcinoma.

Reconstruction of Chest Wall after Extensive Chest Wall Necrosis Caused by Transcatheter Arterial Embolization of Bilateral Internal Mammary Arteries Injured by Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation—A Case Report

Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TAE) is known to be effective for controlling severe hemorrhage caused by iatrogenic or blunt trauma. Out of more than 100 cases of TAE performed in our hospital, we have treated some cases of skin or muscle necrosis that resulted from embolization of the main arteries. In this study, we report the case of a patient with significant chest wall necrosis after TAE of the bilateral internal mammary arteries (IMAs). A 66-year-old male was transported to our hospital for loss of consciousness while playing golf. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed for cardiac arrest, which resulted in several rib fractures and mediastinal hematoma due to bilateral mammary artery injuries. Immediate TAE embolization was performed because of continuous hemorrhage. He was referred to our department 16 days after embolization due to the presentation of chest wall necrosis. Heart, lungs and diaphragm were exposed after surgical debridement under systemic anesthesia. We performed several operations to reconstruct the anterior chest wall. His spontaneous respiration returned, and is now controlled with a tracheostomy tube. Complete epithelialization was achieved, and he was transferred to another hospital for further rehabilitation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of chest wall necrosis resulting from TAE of IMAs. Arterial embolization can cause widespread necrosis of bone, muscle and skin. Although treatment required an extended period, we managed to reconstruct the chest wall with multidisciplinary strategies.

经鼻内镜联合血管内治疗在复杂颅底肿瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨经鼻内镜联合血管内治疗在复杂颅底肿瘤手术中的应用价值。方法回顾分析天津市环湖医院2017年1月至2022年7月9例内镜下经鼻入路颅底肿瘤切除术联合血管内治疗患者的临床资料,观察肿瘤切除程度;根据世界卫生组织实体瘤测量标准评估术后疗效;随访期采用Glasgow预后分级(GOS)评估术后神经功能预后;同时记录肿瘤复发或进展情况,以及血管内治疗相关并发症如出现假性动脉瘤、自发性脑出血、脑梗死等。结果9例患者中4例术前经DSA确认供体动脉或颈内动脉破裂,其中1例术前进行弹簧圈栓塞,1例术中提前置入颈动脉导管鞘,1例术中行颈内动脉弹簧圈栓塞成功止血,1例术中行覆膜支架植入成功止血;4例术中经DSA确认颈内动脉破裂;1例术后即刻DSA确认颈内动脉破裂者行颈内动脉弹簧圈栓塞成功止血。肿瘤全切除率为8/9。随访时间32.00(25.00,48.50)个月,均未见肿瘤复发或进展。末次随访时GOS评分均为4~5分,均为神经功能预后良好。1例经免疫治疗的复发性鼻咽癌患者颈内动脉岩骨段覆膜支架植入术后3个月支架远端再次出现假性动脉瘤,遂行颈外动脉⁃桡动脉⁃大脑中动脉搭桥术成功止血,且术后无并发症;余8例未出现假性动脉瘤、自发性脑出血等并发症。所有患者术后均未出现脑梗死。结论血管内治疗有助于内镜下经鼻入路颅底肿瘤切除术前评估颅底肿瘤与周围血管之间的关系,可以有效阻断供体动脉,减少术中出血量,有效治疗大血管破裂,也减少严重并发症的发生,疗效和安全性均较高。

不同性质球囊髂内动脉阻断术在凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产中的对比研究

目的 比较不同性质球囊髂内动脉阻断术在凶险性前置胎盘(PPP)剖宫产中的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析82例PPP患者的临床资料,其中观察组40例,给予双侧髂内动脉顺应性Fogarty球囊阻断术;对照组42例,给予非顺应性球囊髂内动脉阻断术。比较两组患者在髂内动脉阻断术前、术后收缩压及心率、X线透视时间、胎儿体表辐射剂量、剖宫产时间、术中出血量及输血量、子宫动脉栓塞率、子宫切除率和1、5、10 min新生儿Apgar评分以及术后住院时间及手术相关并发症。结果 两组患者子宫均成功保留,均成功行双侧髂内动脉球囊阻断术辅助剖宫产手术顺利完成。撤出球囊导管,部分患者行子宫动脉栓塞术,无患者行卵巢动脉栓塞及子宫切除术。两组患者术前、术后收缩压和心率组间比较差异均无统计学意义,但两组术后收缩压、心率低于术前,均P<0.05。两组X线透视时间、胎儿体表辐射剂量、子宫动脉栓塞率、子宫切除率和1、5、10 min新生儿Apgar评分以及术后住院时间对比差异均无统计学意义,观察组剖宫产时间、术中出血量、术中输血量低于对照组,均P<0.05。两组患者球囊阻断术后其相关并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义。结论 不同性质髂内球囊动脉阻断术辅助在PPP剖宫产均安全有效,但双侧髂内动脉顺应性球囊阻断术在减少剖宫产手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量等方面更具优势。

复发性鼻咽癌术前行改良颈内动脉栓塞术效果分析

目的探讨复发性鼻咽癌手术治疗前行改良颈内动脉栓塞术的有效性和安全性。方法本研究为回顾性研究。搜集2022年6月—2023年8月于福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院接受改良颈内动脉栓塞术治疗的13例复发性鼻咽癌患者的病例资料。记录围手术期并发症,对比患者术前和术后30 d MRS评分,评估改良颈内动脉栓塞术的有效性和安全性。结果13例患者球囊封堵试验均为阴性,且都顺利完成改良颈内动脉栓塞术,完全闭塞颈内动脉。手术时长50.0~110.0 min,平均(63.7±15.3)min;均未出现弹簧圈逃逸。1例术后发生语言不清、肢体无力,给予升压等对症治疗症状消失;1例术后发生头痛、复视,出院前已恢复;1例由于对侧颈内动脉狭窄同期支架植入,术后植入支架侧出现高灌注脑出血表现,术后30 d MRS评分4分。其余患者均未发生围术期并发症,术后30 d MRS评分均为0分。结论针对复发性鼻咽癌侵犯颈内动脉的患者行改良颈内动脉栓塞术,可安全有效闭塞颈内动脉,降低后续鼻咽癌内镜手术中颈动脉出血发生率,提高患者生存预后。

Internal iliac artery ligation as a damage control method in hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures:A systematic review of the literature

Purpose:Internal iliac artery ligation(IIAL)has been used as a damage control procedure to treat hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture for many years.However,there is ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness and safety of this hemostatic method.Therefore,we performed a systematic literature review to assess the efficacy and safety of IIAL for pelvic fracture hemostasis.Methods:Three major databases,PubMed,Embase,and Google Scholar,were searched to screen eligible original studies published in English journals.Two reviewers independently read the titles,abstracts,and full texts of all literature.Articles were included if they reported the use and effects of IIAL.Results:A total of 171 articles were initially identified,with 22 fully meeting the inclusion criteria.Among the analyzed cases,up to 66.7%of patients had associated abdominal and pelvic organ injuries,with the urethra being the most frequently injured organ,followed by the bowel.The outcomes of IIAL for achieving hemostasis in pelvic fractures were found to be satisfactory,with an effective rate of 80%.Hemorrhagic shock was the leading cause of death,followed by craniocerebral injury.Notably,no reports of ischemic complications involving the pelvic organs due to IIAL were found.Conclusion:IIAL has a good effect in treating hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture without the risk of pelvic organ ischemia.This procedure should be considered a priority for hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture patients with abdominal organ injuries.

弹簧圈在腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术髂内动脉处理中应用的临床效果分析

目的:对行腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术(EVAR)的患者进行随访和临床资料分析,提高对术后并发症的认识,以指导临床工作。方法:回顾性分析大理大学第一附属医院2012年1月至2021年12月收治的96例行EVAR患者的临床资料,按是否进行髂内动脉弹簧圈栓塞将患者分为实验组和对照组,观察并比较2组患者盆腔缺血相关并发症(臀肌萎缩、跛行、性功能障碍等)的发生情况。结果:实验组中有6例(18.2%)患者发生跛行,4例(12.1%)患者发生臀肌萎缩,对照组中各有1例(1.6%)患者发生跛行和臀肌萎缩,实验组患者术后盆腔缺血相关并发症的总发生率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组无患者发生Ⅱ型内漏,对照组中有2例(3.2%)患者发生Ⅱ型内漏。结论:髂内动脉弹簧圈栓塞能在一定程度上预防EVAR术后Ⅱ型内漏的发生,但需权衡其可能引发的盆腔缺血相关并发症,在行EVAR时应尽量保证髂内动脉的通畅和盆腔循环的畅通,以最大程度减少术后相关并发症的发生。

髂内动脉临时阻断术联合宫腔镜下病灶清除术在剖宫产瘢痕妊娠患者中的应用

目的探讨髂内动脉临时阻断术联合宫腔镜下病灶清除术在剖宫产瘢痕妊娠患者中的应用效果。方法采取前瞻性研究,将洛阳市妇幼保健院2020年10月至2022年10月收治的80例剖宫产瘢痕妊娠患者纳入研究,按随机数字表法分成两组,各40例。对照组接受子宫动脉栓塞术联合宫腔镜下病灶清除术治疗,观察组接受髂内动脉临时阻断术联合宫腔镜下病灶清除术治疗。观察记录两组患者的手术相关指标;于手术后12、24、48 h,通过视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估患者疼痛程度;比较两组患者术后并发症总发生率。结果观察组患者手术时间、血人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HGG)恢复正常时间、住院时间均短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组(P<0.05);两组术后12 h、24 h及48 h的VAS评分均持续降低,且观察组VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论髂内动脉临时阻断术联合宫腔镜下病灶清除术能够减轻剖宫产瘢痕妊娠患者术后疼痛程度,降低术后并发症发生率,在剖宫产瘢痕妊娠患者的治疗中应用效果较好。

鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前上颌动脉栓塞的临床价值

目的 探讨鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前栓塞的价值。方法 回顾性分析 13例病理证实的鼻咽纤维血管瘤患者 ,采用 4 .1F或 5FHead Hunter导管行双侧颈动脉造影 ,了解瘤体供血情况后 ,依据供血动脉的粗细 ,选择不同大小的钢圈行纤维血管瘤供血动脉术前栓塞治疗 ,术中以出血量的多少来判断瘤体栓塞效果。结果 钢圈术前栓塞后 ,13例患者均无明显并发症 ,栓塞距手术时间 1～ 4d ,平均 2d行外科手术治疗 ,术中平均出血量为 (5 84 .6± 379.4 )ml(2 5 0～ 15 0 0ml) ,瘤体均完整切除。结论 鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前钢圈栓塞 ,能有效降低术中出血量 ,提高全切率 ,减少并发症。

动脉栓塞治疗难治性产后出血6例分析

目的 :探讨动脉栓塞治疗难治性产后出血的临床价值。方法 :用Seldinger技术对 6例难治性产后出血患者行经皮髂内动脉或子宫动脉超选择插管术 ,通过数字减影血管造影 (DSA)明确盆腔血管走向及造影剂外溢情况后 ,双侧分别注入明胶海绵条栓塞。结果 :6例插管栓塞均 1次成功 ,手术时间短 ,止血速度快 ,并且保留子宫及其生理功能。其中 2例术后再次生育。但 1例术后发生右下肢动脉血栓形成 ,手术取栓后愈合。结论 :动脉栓塞术治疗难治性产后出血快速 ,有效 ,安全 ,并保留了子宫。

胸廓内动脉栓塞在肺咯血动脉栓塞治疗中的应用

目的探讨胸廓内动脉(IMA)栓塞在肺咯血动脉栓塞治疗中的临床应用。资料与方法13例肺咯血患者,在完成降主动脉各分支出血动脉栓塞术后,根据对患者术前的影像学资料及术中的DSA图像进行综合分析后行单侧或双侧锁骨下动脉造影,对出血的IMA行栓塞术。术后进行疗效评定和并发症分析。结果出血的IMA有不同程度扭曲、增粗、增生、动脉瘤样改变、动脉与肺循环分流、对比剂外渗等,基础病变多为慢性纤维空洞型肺结核。栓塞术后即时止血率为100%,符合长期随访的10例患者中治愈5例(50%),显效和好转4例(40%),无效1例(10%)。术后并发症有中低度发热,恶心、呕吐,胸痛,呃逆,呼吸困难并发呼吸衰竭。结论肺咯血的支气管动脉栓塞术治疗应结合基础病变性质、部位并仔细分析术前、术中各影像学资料后行相应的锁骨下动脉造影以检出出血的IMA,对其进行栓塞以完善治疗效果,并且IMA栓塞术是安全的。

内乳动脉参与肝癌供血的介入治疗

目的探讨内乳动脉(IMA)对肝癌的供血及其介入栓塞在肝癌治疗中的价值。评价经导管作IMA栓塞化疗的安全性和效果。方法对86例经血管造影确认有IMA参与肝癌供血患者进行TACE。全部病例均曾行TACE治疗,16例曾行经皮微波固化治疗,4例有外科手术史。术前行CT或MRI平扫及增强扫描,术中行IMA造影,在确认供血范围后将导管超选择至供血支,先用碘油-抗癌乳剂栓塞肿瘤末梢血管,然后注入明胶海绵碎粒或PVA颗粒,并摄肝区平片,观察肝区碘油分布及术后临床经过、相关实验室检查和影像学表现,并与血管造影进行对照分析。结果本组病例病灶均为巨块型,均位于肝脏前部接近膈肌或(和)肝包膜。57例累及S4、S5、S8段,29例累及S5、S7、S8。80例为右侧IMA参与供血,5例为左侧IMA参与供血,1例为双侧IMA参与供血。86例参与供血的IMA栓塞全部成功。未出现皮肤损伤并发症。结论IMA参与肿瘤供血一般多见于过去曾多次行TACE的巨块型肝癌患者,且肿块位于肝前部。IMA TACE方法安全,技术可行,但应警惕皮肤损伤并发症。

髂内动脉栓塞和子宫动脉栓塞疗效及不良反应对比分析

目的：比较髂内动脉栓塞和子宫动脉栓塞对产后出血和子宫全切术后残端出血的疗效和术后不良反应。方法：子宫全切术后阴道残端出血12例,产后出血16例,进行双侧髂内动脉主干栓塞或双侧子宫动脉栓塞。术后观察止血效果和不良反应。结果：14例行髂内动脉栓塞,14例行子宫动脉栓塞,两组的止血有效率均为100%。髂内动脉栓塞组术后下腹及臀部疼痛12例（需镇痛治疗的6例）,发热9例,恶心、呕吐2例。子宫动脉栓塞组,术后下腹疼痛9例（3例需镇痛治疗）,发热8例,恶心、呕吐3例。所有不良反应均在术后1周缓解。两组间不良反应发生率,经检验差异意义无统计学。结论：双侧髂内动脉栓塞和子宫动脉栓塞都是治疗妇产科大出血的有效手段,且无严重术后不良反应。

动脉栓塞对骨盆肿瘤手术疗效的影响

[目的]探讨供血动脉栓塞对骨盆肿瘤手术疗效的影响。[方法]本组16例,脊索瘤7例,骨巨细胞瘤3例,骨转移瘤3例,骨肉瘤2例,神经纤维瘤1例。术前1 d行肿瘤血管造影并用明胶海绵进行供血动脉栓塞。与对照组(结扎双侧髂内动脉骨盆肿瘤切除术)比较,观察其对术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间、术后下床时间、伤口愈合时间及术后各种功能恢复的影响。[结果]骨盆肿瘤切除术前肿瘤供血动脉栓塞与结扎双侧髂内动脉比较,除术中出血量外(P>0.05),手术、住院、术后下床及伤口愈合时间在统计学上均有非常显著性差异(P<0.001),而且结扎双侧髂内动脉可能对患者的性功能、排便功能等存在着不良的影响。[结论]肿瘤供血动脉栓塞骨盆肿瘤切除术可大大缩短手术、住院、术后下床、伤口愈合时间,且能更好地保护盆腔内外各组织器官的血运,从而避免其功能的损害。

上颌动脉翼腭部的应用解剖

目的:为血管造影下上颌动脉翼腭部栓塞手术及鼻内窥镜翼腭窝区域手术提供解剖学资料。方法:对固定的成人尸体上颌动脉翼腭部进行显微外科解剖,观察上颌动脉翼腭部的走行,上颌动脉、腭降动脉及蝶腭动脉的毗邻关系变化。结果:上颌动脉翼腭部总长为(14.23±2.11)mm,外径为(2.64±0.52)mm,上颌动脉翼腭部分为4种类型“:Y”型23.3%、中间型33.3%“、T”型26.7%“、M”型16.7%。结论:新分型法对临床开展血管造影下上颌动脉翼腭部栓塞手术,鼻内窥镜翼腭窝区域手术及预防手术并发症的发生具有一定的指导意义。

颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤的血管内治疗

目的研究计划性、分期血管内栓塞在颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤治疗中的作用。方法回顾性分析6例颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤病人的临床资料,Hunt-Hess分级Ⅰ级1例,Ⅱ级3例,Ⅲ级2例。首次治疗均采用单纯多支架植入,随访动脉瘤再通则辅助弹簧圈栓塞。结果初次术后动脉瘤完全栓塞2例,次全栓塞3例,不全栓塞1例。随访6～18个月,平均6.3个月。DSA显示动脉瘤再通3例,其中予再次辅助弹簧圈栓塞2例;行动脉瘤孤立及颈内动脉闭塞术1例,术后发生出血性脑梗死。术后6个月mRS评分:1分(恢复良好)5例,3分(恢复差)1例。结论颈内动脉血泡样动脉瘤先行单纯多支架植入,随访动脉瘤再通则辅助弹簧圈栓塞,是一种安全而有效的治疗方法。