In this paper we propose a two-layer emergent model for scalable swarm system. The first layer describes the indi-vidual flocking behavior to the local goal position (the center of minimal circumcircle decided by the ...In this paper we propose a two-layer emergent model for scalable swarm system. The first layer describes the indi-vidual flocking behavior to the local goal position (the center of minimal circumcircle decided by the neighbors in the positive visual set of individuals) resulting from the individual motion to one or two farthest neighbors in its positive visual set; the second layer describes the emergent aggregating swarm behavior resulting from the individual motion to its local goal position. The scale of the swarm will not be limited because only local individual information is used for modelling in the two-layer topology. We study the stability properties of the swarm emergent behavior based on Lyapunov stability theory. Simulations showed that the swarm system can converge to goal regions while maintaining cohesiveness.展开更多
During a terrorist attack on a supermarket,the use of emergency exits is essential for effective evacuation and saving lives.However,people tend to ignore emergency situations.This behavior can lengthen evacuation tim...During a terrorist attack on a supermarket,the use of emergency exits is essential for effective evacuation and saving lives.However,people tend to ignore emergency situations.This behavior can lengthen evacuation times,endanger individuals,and even prove fatal.In this context,we conducted a series of experiments to explore the links between cognition and the dynamics of human capabilities in a complex and changing environment.In a series of behavioral experiments and computer simulations,we found that active guidance by green flashing lights at emergency exits impacts the behavior of individuals in an emergency evacuation situation in a supermarket;this tested our hypothesis that changing the environment in turn changes the evacuation behavior of individuals.We also show that environmental modification can help in decision-making in an emergency situation.Furthermore,the results of computer simulations support a possible modeling of the influence of affordances on the evacuation behavior of agents in a complexvirtual environment.展开更多
Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)are distributed assemblages of computing,communicating,and physical components that sense their environment,algorithmically assess the incoming information,and affect their physical environ...Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)are distributed assemblages of computing,communicating,and physical components that sense their environment,algorithmically assess the incoming information,and affect their physical environment.Thus,they share a common structure with other complex adaptive systems,and therefore share both the possible benefits and the probable harmful effects of emergent phenomena.Emergence is an often unexpected pattern that arises from the interactions among the individual system components and the environment.In this paper we focus on three major problems concerning emergence in the context of CPSs:how to successfully exploit emergence,how to avoid its detrimental effects in a single CPS,and how to avoid harmful emergence that arises due to unexpected interaction among several independently developed CPSs that are operating in the same environment.We review the state of the research with regard to these problems and outline several approaches that could be used to address them.展开更多
基金Project (No. 60574088) supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China
文摘In this paper we propose a two-layer emergent model for scalable swarm system. The first layer describes the indi-vidual flocking behavior to the local goal position (the center of minimal circumcircle decided by the neighbors in the positive visual set of individuals) resulting from the individual motion to one or two farthest neighbors in its positive visual set; the second layer describes the emergent aggregating swarm behavior resulting from the individual motion to its local goal position. The scale of the swarm will not be limited because only local individual information is used for modelling in the two-layer topology. We study the stability properties of the swarm emergent behavior based on Lyapunov stability theory. Simulations showed that the swarm system can converge to goal regions while maintaining cohesiveness.
文摘During a terrorist attack on a supermarket,the use of emergency exits is essential for effective evacuation and saving lives.However,people tend to ignore emergency situations.This behavior can lengthen evacuation times,endanger individuals,and even prove fatal.In this context,we conducted a series of experiments to explore the links between cognition and the dynamics of human capabilities in a complex and changing environment.In a series of behavioral experiments and computer simulations,we found that active guidance by green flashing lights at emergency exits impacts the behavior of individuals in an emergency evacuation situation in a supermarket;this tested our hypothesis that changing the environment in turn changes the evacuation behavior of individuals.We also show that environmental modification can help in decision-making in an emergency situation.Furthermore,the results of computer simulations support a possible modeling of the influence of affordances on the evacuation behavior of agents in a complexvirtual environment.
基金the Capacity Development Fund of Southwest University,China(No.SWU116007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61732019,61672435,and 61811530327)。
文摘Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)are distributed assemblages of computing,communicating,and physical components that sense their environment,algorithmically assess the incoming information,and affect their physical environment.Thus,they share a common structure with other complex adaptive systems,and therefore share both the possible benefits and the probable harmful effects of emergent phenomena.Emergence is an often unexpected pattern that arises from the interactions among the individual system components and the environment.In this paper we focus on three major problems concerning emergence in the context of CPSs:how to successfully exploit emergence,how to avoid its detrimental effects in a single CPS,and how to avoid harmful emergence that arises due to unexpected interaction among several independently developed CPSs that are operating in the same environment.We review the state of the research with regard to these problems and outline several approaches that could be used to address them.
