目的为适应越来越多的国际救援任务,提高救援的快速反应能力和远程航空投送能力,紧急医学救援队(emergency medical team,EMT)须有足够的自我保障能力来确保救援工作的顺利开展和队员生活所需,包括水、电、食品等。方法以EMT(四川)为例...目的为适应越来越多的国际救援任务,提高救援的快速反应能力和远程航空投送能力,紧急医学救援队(emergency medical team,EMT)须有足够的自我保障能力来确保救援工作的顺利开展和队员生活所需,包括水、电、食品等。方法以EMT(四川)为例,通过总结EMT(四川)配电系统设计经验,立足Type3国际紧急医学救援队,就救援队的配电系统设计要点进行了分析。结果科学地分析出了Type3国际紧急医学救援队配电系统负荷测算、电源选择与配置、负荷分配方案、照明灯具的选择、线路敷设方案与路径选择、安全用电方案和应急措施等各个环节的设计要点。结论有效提升了Type3国际紧急医学救援队的供电安全性和可靠性。展开更多
Previous investigation of drug calculation skills of qualified paramedics has highlighted poor mathematical ability with no published studies having been undertaken on undergraduate paramedics. There are three major e...Previous investigation of drug calculation skills of qualified paramedics has highlighted poor mathematical ability with no published studies having been undertaken on undergraduate paramedics. There are three major error classifications. Conceptual errors involve an inability to formulate an equation from information given, arithmetical errors involve an inability to operate a given equation, and finally computation errors are simple errors of addition, subtraction, division and multiplication. The objective of this study was to determine if undergraduate paramedics at a large Australia university could accurately perform common drug calculations and basic mathematical equations normally required in the workplace. A cross-sectional study methodology using a paper-based questionnaire was administered to undergraduate paramedic students to collect demographical data, student attitudes regarding their drug calculation performance, and answers to a series of basic mathematical and drug calculation questions. Ethics approval was granted. The mean score of correct answers was 39.5% with one student scoring 100%, 3.3% of students （n=3） scoring greater than 90%, and 63% （n=58） scoring 50% or less, despite 62% （n=57） of the students stating they ＇did not have any drug calculations issues＇. On average those who completed a minimum of year 12 Specialist Maths achieved scores over 50%. Conceptual errors made up 48.5%, arithmetical 31.1 % and computational 17.4%. This study suggests undergraduate paramedics have deficiencies in performing accurate calculations, with conceptual errors indicating a fundamental lack of mathematical understanding. The results suggest an unacceptable level of mathematical competence to practice safely in the unpredictable prehospital environment.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The inability of paramedics to perform accurate calculations may result in a compromise of patient safety which may result from under or over dosing of drugs, incorrect joules for defibrillation, or a majo...BACKGROUND: The inability of paramedics to perform accurate calculations may result in a compromise of patient safety which may result from under or over dosing of drugs, incorrect joules for defibrillation, or a major adverse event such as death. The objective of this study was to identify the drug calculation and mathematical ability of qualified operational paramedics.METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional design with a paper-based calculation questionnaire. Twenty paramedics enrolled in an intensive care paramedic course were eligible to participate in the study. The questionnaire consisted of demographic, drug calculation(seven questions), and mathematical(five) questions. Students were given no notice of the impending study and use of a calculator was not permitted.RESULTS: All eligible students participated in the study. The average time employed as a paramedic was 7.25 years, SD 2.5 years, range four years to twelve years. Four(20%) students got all 12 questions correct, and five(41.6%) got 50% or less. The average score was 8.6(71.7%) correct, SD 2.8 correct, range 3 to 12 correct questions. There were eight(40%) conceptual errors, 12(60%) arithmetical errors, and five(25%) computational errors.CONCLUSION: The results from this study supports similar international studies where paramedic's ability to undertake mathematical and drug calculations without a calculator varies, with some results highlighting the paramedics mathematical skills as a potential risk to patient safety. These results highlight the need for regular continuing mathematical and drug calculation practice and education to ensure a lower error rate.展开更多
医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)是率先在美国出现的新型职业,属于急救医疗服务体系的一部分,并已建立起良好的EMT培训与职业考试制度。笔者深度述评美国EMT培训与执业体系的历史与运行现状,并与我国现行院前急救体系比较...医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)是率先在美国出现的新型职业,属于急救医疗服务体系的一部分,并已建立起良好的EMT培训与职业考试制度。笔者深度述评美国EMT培训与执业体系的历史与运行现状,并与我国现行院前急救体系比较,旨在为我国院前急救体系的改革带来新的启示。展开更多
通过总结中国现行急救单元设置中存在的问题,阐述了建立以医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)+EMT为主要急救单元的院前急救模式的意义,从中国院前急救疾病谱、检伤分类统计结果、急救车空返率与急诊呼叫仅需转运等多种角度...通过总结中国现行急救单元设置中存在的问题,阐述了建立以医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)+EMT为主要急救单元的院前急救模式的意义,从中国院前急救疾病谱、检伤分类统计结果、急救车空返率与急诊呼叫仅需转运等多种角度,分析了医疗救护员独立从事院前急救的可行性。展开更多
医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)的素质关乎急救医疗服务的效率和质量,如何培养EMT是国际共同关注的课题。我国医学高等教育的大众化与专业设置趋同化,导致了我国医学专科学历毕业生供大于求,就业困难。笔者从EMT的职业...医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)的素质关乎急救医疗服务的效率和质量,如何培养EMT是国际共同关注的课题。我国医学高等教育的大众化与专业设置趋同化,导致了我国医学专科学历毕业生供大于求,就业困难。笔者从EMT的职业性质、课程内容、授课学时数和美国EMT培养的发展趋势等方面入手,阐述了我国EMT培养应以专科学历教育为主的重要性,对我国EMT培养或有参考意义。展开更多
文摘目的为适应越来越多的国际救援任务,提高救援的快速反应能力和远程航空投送能力,紧急医学救援队(emergency medical team,EMT)须有足够的自我保障能力来确保救援工作的顺利开展和队员生活所需,包括水、电、食品等。方法以EMT(四川)为例,通过总结EMT(四川)配电系统设计经验,立足Type3国际紧急医学救援队,就救援队的配电系统设计要点进行了分析。结果科学地分析出了Type3国际紧急医学救援队配电系统负荷测算、电源选择与配置、负荷分配方案、照明灯具的选择、线路敷设方案与路径选择、安全用电方案和应急措施等各个环节的设计要点。结论有效提升了Type3国际紧急医学救援队的供电安全性和可靠性。
文摘Previous investigation of drug calculation skills of qualified paramedics has highlighted poor mathematical ability with no published studies having been undertaken on undergraduate paramedics. There are three major error classifications. Conceptual errors involve an inability to formulate an equation from information given, arithmetical errors involve an inability to operate a given equation, and finally computation errors are simple errors of addition, subtraction, division and multiplication. The objective of this study was to determine if undergraduate paramedics at a large Australia university could accurately perform common drug calculations and basic mathematical equations normally required in the workplace. A cross-sectional study methodology using a paper-based questionnaire was administered to undergraduate paramedic students to collect demographical data, student attitudes regarding their drug calculation performance, and answers to a series of basic mathematical and drug calculation questions. Ethics approval was granted. The mean score of correct answers was 39.5% with one student scoring 100%, 3.3% of students （n=3） scoring greater than 90%, and 63% （n=58） scoring 50% or less, despite 62% （n=57） of the students stating they ＇did not have any drug calculations issues＇. On average those who completed a minimum of year 12 Specialist Maths achieved scores over 50%. Conceptual errors made up 48.5%, arithmetical 31.1 % and computational 17.4%. This study suggests undergraduate paramedics have deficiencies in performing accurate calculations, with conceptual errors indicating a fundamental lack of mathematical understanding. The results suggest an unacceptable level of mathematical competence to practice safely in the unpredictable prehospital environment.
文摘BACKGROUND: The inability of paramedics to perform accurate calculations may result in a compromise of patient safety which may result from under or over dosing of drugs, incorrect joules for defibrillation, or a major adverse event such as death. The objective of this study was to identify the drug calculation and mathematical ability of qualified operational paramedics.METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional design with a paper-based calculation questionnaire. Twenty paramedics enrolled in an intensive care paramedic course were eligible to participate in the study. The questionnaire consisted of demographic, drug calculation(seven questions), and mathematical(five) questions. Students were given no notice of the impending study and use of a calculator was not permitted.RESULTS: All eligible students participated in the study. The average time employed as a paramedic was 7.25 years, SD 2.5 years, range four years to twelve years. Four(20%) students got all 12 questions correct, and five(41.6%) got 50% or less. The average score was 8.6(71.7%) correct, SD 2.8 correct, range 3 to 12 correct questions. There were eight(40%) conceptual errors, 12(60%) arithmetical errors, and five(25%) computational errors.CONCLUSION: The results from this study supports similar international studies where paramedic's ability to undertake mathematical and drug calculations without a calculator varies, with some results highlighting the paramedics mathematical skills as a potential risk to patient safety. These results highlight the need for regular continuing mathematical and drug calculation practice and education to ensure a lower error rate.
文摘医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)是率先在美国出现的新型职业,属于急救医疗服务体系的一部分,并已建立起良好的EMT培训与职业考试制度。笔者深度述评美国EMT培训与执业体系的历史与运行现状,并与我国现行院前急救体系比较,旨在为我国院前急救体系的改革带来新的启示。
文摘通过总结中国现行急救单元设置中存在的问题,阐述了建立以医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)+EMT为主要急救单元的院前急救模式的意义,从中国院前急救疾病谱、检伤分类统计结果、急救车空返率与急诊呼叫仅需转运等多种角度,分析了医疗救护员独立从事院前急救的可行性。
文摘医疗救护员(emergency medical technician,EMT)的素质关乎急救医疗服务的效率和质量,如何培养EMT是国际共同关注的课题。我国医学高等教育的大众化与专业设置趋同化,导致了我国医学专科学历毕业生供大于求,就业困难。笔者从EMT的职业性质、课程内容、授课学时数和美国EMT培养的发展趋势等方面入手,阐述了我国EMT培养应以专科学历教育为主的重要性,对我国EMT培养或有参考意义。
