A high-yielding japonica rice variety, Wuyunjing 7, bred in Jiangsu Province, China as a female parent was crossed with a Japanese rice variety Kantou 194, which carries a rice stripe disease resistance gene Stv-b＇ a...A high-yielding japonica rice variety, Wuyunjing 7, bred in Jiangsu Province, China as a female parent was crossed with a Japanese rice variety Kantou 194, which carries a rice stripe disease resistance gene Stv-b＇ and a translucent endosperm mutant gene Wx-mq. From F2 generations, a sequence characterized amplified region （SCAR） marker tightly linked with Stv-b＇ and a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence （CAPS） marker for Wx-mq were used for marker-assisted selection. Finally, a new japonica rice line, Ning 9108, with excellent agronomic traits was obtained by multi-generational selection on stripe disease resistance and endosperm appearance. The utilization of the markers from genes related to rice quality and disease resistance was helpful not only for establishing a marker-assisted selection system of high-quality and disease resistance for rice but also for providing important intermediate materials and rapid selection method for good quality, disease resistance and high yield in rice breeding.展开更多
Endosperm mutants are critical to the studies on both starch synthesis and metabolism and genetic improvement of starch quality in maize.In the present study,a novel maize endosperm mutant A0178 of natural variation w...Endosperm mutants are critical to the studies on both starch synthesis and metabolism and genetic improvement of starch quality in maize.In the present study,a novel maize endosperm mutant A0178 of natural variation was used as the experimental material and identified and then characterized.Through phenotypic identification,genetic analysis,main ingredients measurement and embryo rescue,development of genetic mapping population from A0178,the endosperm mutant gene was located.The results showed that the mutant exhibited extremely low germination ability as attributed to the inhibited embryo development,and amounts of sugars were accumulated in the mutant seeds and more sugars content was detected at 23 days after pollination(DAP)in A0178 than B73.Employing genetic linkage analysis,the mutant trait was mapped in the bin 5.04 on chromosome 5.Sequence analysis showed that two sites of base transversion and insertion presented in the protein coding region and non-coding region of the mutant brittle-1(bt1),the adenylate translocator encoding gene involved in the starch synthesis.The single base insertion in the coding region cause frameshift mutation,early termination and lose of function of Brittle-1(BT1).All results suggested that bt1 is a novel allelic gene and the causal gene of this endosperm mutant,providing insights on the mechanism of endosperm formation in maize.展开更多
The major storage substance in rice endosperm is starch, which accounts for 80% of dry matter weight. In this study, rice mutant flo7, selected from the progeny of Nipponbare＇s tissue culture, displayed floury and op...The major storage substance in rice endosperm is starch, which accounts for 80% of dry matter weight. In this study, rice mutant flo7, selected from the progeny of Nipponbare＇s tissue culture, displayed floury and opaque endosperm. Compared with its corresponding wild type （WT） Nipponbare, the mutant rio7 produced longer, narrower, thinner and lighter grains. The levels of glucose, fructose and sucrose in the mutant flo7 endosperm were higher than those in the WT endosperm, whereas the protein content was not affected. With respect to both amylose content and gel consistency, the mutant flo7 was lower than WT, but its alkali value was higher. Scanning electron microscopic examinations showed that the endosperm of the mutant flo7 contained irregular, loosely packed and compound starch granules. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was determined by a single recessive nuclear gene The flo7 locus was mapped to a region on the long arm of chromosome 12, within a 95.1 kb interval defined by the markers C2-11 and C5-15. There are 13 open reading frames in the mapping interval. Transcription profiling of the developing grains showed that a number of genes involved in starch synthesis were affected differently in the mutant flo7.展开更多
The translucent endosperm trait in a japonica rice variety ＇Kantou 194＇ is controlled by a Wx-mq gene which is allelic to Wx locus by genetic analysis and allelic test. The amylose content analysis showed that an in...The translucent endosperm trait in a japonica rice variety ＇Kantou 194＇ is controlled by a Wx-mq gene which is allelic to Wx locus by genetic analysis and allelic test. The amylose content analysis showed that an intermediate amylose content between those of glutinous and non-glutinous rice existed in endosperm of homozygous Wx-mq genotype. The slight changes of amylose content in different varieties and F1 grains with an identical Wx-mq genotype might be influenced by dissimilar genetic background. To identify the Wx-mq genotype simply and rapidly, a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence （CAPS） marker was designed. The result from the molecular detection indicated that it could be used for marker-assisted selection for low amylose content varieties in rice breeding.展开更多
This study was carried out to facilitate the functional analysis of rice genes. Some 297 insertion plants (1.7%) of the entire lines with the endogenous retrotransposon Tos17 were produced. Phenotypes of these plants ...This study was carried out to facilitate the functional analysis of rice genes. Some 297 insertion plants (1.7%) of the entire lines with the endogenous retrotransposon Tos17 were produced. Phenotypes of these plants in the S2 genera-tion were observed in the field according to different leaf types. Rolling leaf mutants showed thinner sclerenchyma-tous cells, defective arrangement of vascular bundles, and well-formed bulliform cells as compared to the parental cultivar. Two new copies of Tos17 were detected in the rolling leaf type. In the new leaf type, the copy number and activation of Tos12, 15 did not appear as ‘Ilpum’. Flanking sequence tag (FST) analysis of Tos17 in the rolling leaf mutant indicated that new copies of Tos17 were transposed on chromosomes 11 and 12. Annotated homologues of the tagging genes on chromosome 11 were arabinoxylan rabinofuranohydrolase isoenzyme AXAH-I and II. The tagging gene in chromosome 12 was highly correlated with 6 kinds of genes including a transcript regulated factor and a rough sheath 2-like protein. This rolling leaf and flanking sequence data will stimulate the functional analysis of rice genes.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Program of the Development of Variety of Genetically Modified Organisms(Grant Nos.2009ZX08001-019B and 2008ZX08001-006)the Special Program for Rice Scientific Research of Ministry of Agriculture(Grant No.nyhyzx 07-001-006)+1 种基金the Key Support Program of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BE2008354)the Self-directed Innovation Fund of Agricultural Science and Technology in Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.CX[09]634)
文摘A high-yielding japonica rice variety, Wuyunjing 7, bred in Jiangsu Province, China as a female parent was crossed with a Japanese rice variety Kantou 194, which carries a rice stripe disease resistance gene Stv-b＇ and a translucent endosperm mutant gene Wx-mq. From F2 generations, a sequence characterized amplified region （SCAR） marker tightly linked with Stv-b＇ and a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence （CAPS） marker for Wx-mq were used for marker-assisted selection. Finally, a new japonica rice line, Ning 9108, with excellent agronomic traits was obtained by multi-generational selection on stripe disease resistance and endosperm appearance. The utilization of the markers from genes related to rice quality and disease resistance was helpful not only for establishing a marker-assisted selection system of high-quality and disease resistance for rice but also for providing important intermediate materials and rapid selection method for good quality, disease resistance and high yield in rice breeding.
基金This work was financially supported in part by grants from National Science and Technology Support Project of China(2016YFD0101205)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20160586)+1 种基金National Transgenic Major Project of China(2019ZX08010-004)as well as Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province,China(NY-020).
文摘Endosperm mutants are critical to the studies on both starch synthesis and metabolism and genetic improvement of starch quality in maize.In the present study,a novel maize endosperm mutant A0178 of natural variation was used as the experimental material and identified and then characterized.Through phenotypic identification,genetic analysis,main ingredients measurement and embryo rescue,development of genetic mapping population from A0178,the endosperm mutant gene was located.The results showed that the mutant exhibited extremely low germination ability as attributed to the inhibited embryo development,and amounts of sugars were accumulated in the mutant seeds and more sugars content was detected at 23 days after pollination(DAP)in A0178 than B73.Employing genetic linkage analysis,the mutant trait was mapped in the bin 5.04 on chromosome 5.Sequence analysis showed that two sites of base transversion and insertion presented in the protein coding region and non-coding region of the mutant brittle-1(bt1),the adenylate translocator encoding gene involved in the starch synthesis.The single base insertion in the coding region cause frameshift mutation,early termination and lose of function of Brittle-1(BT1).All results suggested that bt1 is a novel allelic gene and the causal gene of this endosperm mutant,providing insights on the mechanism of endosperm formation in maize.
基金supported by China National Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 31471472 and 31301303)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China (Grant Nos. LY13C130003 and LY14C130012)
文摘The major storage substance in rice endosperm is starch, which accounts for 80% of dry matter weight. In this study, rice mutant flo7, selected from the progeny of Nipponbare＇s tissue culture, displayed floury and opaque endosperm. Compared with its corresponding wild type （WT） Nipponbare, the mutant rio7 produced longer, narrower, thinner and lighter grains. The levels of glucose, fructose and sucrose in the mutant flo7 endosperm were higher than those in the WT endosperm, whereas the protein content was not affected. With respect to both amylose content and gel consistency, the mutant flo7 was lower than WT, but its alkali value was higher. Scanning electron microscopic examinations showed that the endosperm of the mutant flo7 contained irregular, loosely packed and compound starch granules. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was determined by a single recessive nuclear gene The flo7 locus was mapped to a region on the long arm of chromosome 12, within a 95.1 kb interval defined by the markers C2-11 and C5-15. There are 13 open reading frames in the mapping interval. Transcription profiling of the developing grains showed that a number of genes involved in starch synthesis were affected differently in the mutant flo7.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2006AA100101)National Science and Technology Support Program of China(Grant No. 2006BAD01A01-5)+1 种基金Special Program for Rice Scientific Research,Ministry of Agriculture,China(Grant No. nyhyzx 07-001-006)Super Rice Breeding and Demonstration Program,Ministry of Agriculture,China and Jiangsu Agricultural Scientific Self-innovation Fund,China(Grant No.CX[07]603)
文摘The translucent endosperm trait in a japonica rice variety ＇Kantou 194＇ is controlled by a Wx-mq gene which is allelic to Wx locus by genetic analysis and allelic test. The amylose content analysis showed that an intermediate amylose content between those of glutinous and non-glutinous rice existed in endosperm of homozygous Wx-mq genotype. The slight changes of amylose content in different varieties and F1 grains with an identical Wx-mq genotype might be influenced by dissimilar genetic background. To identify the Wx-mq genotype simply and rapidly, a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence （CAPS） marker was designed. The result from the molecular detection indicated that it could be used for marker-assisted selection for low amylose content varieties in rice breeding.
文摘This study was carried out to facilitate the functional analysis of rice genes. Some 297 insertion plants (1.7%) of the entire lines with the endogenous retrotransposon Tos17 were produced. Phenotypes of these plants in the S2 genera-tion were observed in the field according to different leaf types. Rolling leaf mutants showed thinner sclerenchyma-tous cells, defective arrangement of vascular bundles, and well-formed bulliform cells as compared to the parental cultivar. Two new copies of Tos17 were detected in the rolling leaf type. In the new leaf type, the copy number and activation of Tos12, 15 did not appear as ‘Ilpum’. Flanking sequence tag (FST) analysis of Tos17 in the rolling leaf mutant indicated that new copies of Tos17 were transposed on chromosomes 11 and 12. Annotated homologues of the tagging genes on chromosome 11 were arabinoxylan rabinofuranohydrolase isoenzyme AXAH-I and II. The tagging gene in chromosome 12 was highly correlated with 6 kinds of genes including a transcript regulated factor and a rough sheath 2-like protein. This rolling leaf and flanking sequence data will stimulate the functional analysis of rice genes.
