Progastrin-releasing peptide and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor mRNA expression in non-tumor tissues of the human gastrointestinal tract

AIM： To investigate the expression of gastrin-releasing peptide （GRP） and GRP-receptor mRNA in non-tumor tissues of the human esophagus, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and gallbladder using molecular biology techniques. METHODS： Poly A^＋ mRNA was isolated from total RNA extracts using an automated nucleic acid extractor and, subsequently, converted into single-stranded cDNA （sscDNA）. PCR amplifications were carried out using genespecific GRP and GRP-receptor primers. The specificity of the PCR amplicons was further confirmed by Southern blot analyses using gene-specific GRP and GRP-receptor hybridization probes. RESULTS： Expression of GRP and GRP-receptor mRNA was detected at various levels in nearly all segments of the non-tumor specimens analysed, except the gallbladder. In most of the biopsy specimens, coexpression of both GRP and GRP-receptor mRNA appeared to take place. However, expression of GRP mRNA was more prominent than was GRP-receptor mRNA. CONCLUSION： GRP and GRP-receptor mRNAs are expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract and provides information for the future mapping and determination of its physiological importance in normal and tumor cells.

Guipi decoction effects on brain somatostatin levels and receptor mRNA expression in rats with spleen deficiency

BACKGROUND： Somatostatin is abundant in the hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, limbic system, and mesencephalon. Somatostatin mRNA expression in the brain of rats with spleen deficiency is noticeably reduced, as well as attenuation of cognitive function. OBJECTIVE： To observe the interventional effect of Guipi decoction on somatostatin level and somatostatin receptor 1 （SSTRl） mRNA expression in different encephalic regions of rats with spleen deficiency, and to compare the interventional effects of Guipi decoction, Chaihu Shugan powder, and Tianwang Buxin pellet. DESIGN： A randomized controlled observation. SETTING： Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. MATERIALS： Fifty adult Wistar male rats, of clean grade, weighing （160 ± 10） g, were provided by Beijing Weitong Lihua Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. The protocol was performed in accordance with ethical guidelines for the use and care of animals. Somatostatin 1 polyclonal anti-rabbit antibody and SSTRl in situ hybridization kit were provided by Department of Neuroanatomy, Shanghai Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. The drug for developing rat models of spleen deficiency was composed of Dahuang, Houpu and Zhishi, and prepared at 2：1：1. Guipi decoction, Chaihu Shugan powder, and Tianwang Buxin pellet recipes were made according to previous studies. METHODS： This study was performed at the Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2002 to March 2005. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 10 rats in each group： normal, model, Guipi decoction, Chaihu Shugan powd.er, and Tianwang Buxin pellet groups. Rat models of the latter 4 groups were developed by methods of purgation with bitter and cold nature drugs, improper diet, and overstrain. The rats received 7.5 g/kg of the drugs each morning and were fasted every other day, but were allowed free access to water at all times. The rats were forced to swim in 25 ℃ water until fatigued. Rats in the normal group were intragastrically administered the same amount of normal saline. Rats in the Guipi decoction, Chaihu Shugan powder, and Tianwang Buxin pellet groups were intragastrically administered 7.5 g/kg Guipi decoction, Chaihu Shugan powder, and Tianwang Buxin pellet, respectively, every afternoon. All rats were treated for 6 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Somatostatin protein and SSTRI mRNA expression in the ventral nucleus of hypothalamus, hippocampal CAl region, and cortex of prefrontal lobe were determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively. RESULTS： Fifty rats were included in the final analysis. In the model group, expression of somatostatin protein and SSTRl mRNA in the ventral nucleus of hypothalamus, hippocampal CAl region, and cortex of prefrontal lobe were significantly less than in the normal group （P 〈 0.01）. Above-mentioned indices were identical in the Chaihu Shugan powder and model groups. However, expression of somatostatin protein and SSTRl mRNA were significantly higher in the Guipi decoction group compared to model group （P 〈 0.01）. In the Tianwang Buxin pellet group, SSTRl mRNA expression in rat ventral nucleus of hypothalamus and somatostatin level in rat hippocampal CAl region and cortex of prefrontal lobe, as well as ventral nucleus of hypothalamus, were significantly higher compared to model group （P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： Somatostatin level and SSTRl mRNA expression in rats with spleen deficiency were lower than in normal rats. Guipi decoction and Tianwang Buxin pellet up-regulated somatostatin level and SSTRl mRNA expression.

Expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor subunits aα_1,β_1,γ_2 mRNA in rats with hepatic encephalopathy

AIM To investigate the mRNA expression of gammaaminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor subunits α1,β1, γ2in different parts of the brain of rats with hepaticencephalopathy.METHODS: Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: (1) hepatic encephalopathy model group (n = 6), which was induced by intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide (TAA, 350 mg/kg) for threeconsecutive days; (2) control group (n = 6), in which the rats were treated with same dose of normal saline solution. After the freeze slice of cerebrum was made,in situ hybridization was used to detect the mRNA of GABAA receptor subunits α1, β1, and γ2 in rat cerebral cortex, basal nuclei, substantia nigra and hippocampi. Image data were collected and analyzed quantitatively by QWin550CWmodel image signal gather and analysis system. RESULTS: In rats with hepatic encephalopathy, mRNA expression levels of GABAA receptor subunits α1, β1 increased significantly in basal nuclei, substantia nigra pars compacta, substantia nigra pars reticularis and hippocampi (144.7±15.67/184.14±4.41, 60.61±33.66/113.07±32.44,87.71± 21.25/128.40±18.85, 122.34±5.56/161.60±4.56,123.29±5.21/140.65±4.15, 123.40±4.42/140.09±4.52,124.76±4.18/140.09±4.12, 141.62±15.09/182.80 ±5.20,69.13±30.74/134.21±43.76, 87.87±25.16/151.01±19.49,122.14±6.30/162.33±3.92, 122.81±5.09/137.19±7.12,123.00±4.63/138.11±5.92, 125.75 ±2.43/138.81±6.10,P＜0.01), but did not change in the cerebral cortex compared to the control group. Similar changes were found in the mRNA expression levels of GABAA receptor subunit γ2,which increased significantly in basal nuclei, substantia nigra pars compacta, substantia nigra pars reticularis (136.81±26.41/167.97±16.23, 51.00±36.14/113.18±36.52, 86.35±20.30/126.90±19.74, P＜0.01), CA1 of hippocampal (162.15±9.05/178.62±6.45, P＜0.05), and no changes were found in the cerebral cortex and CA2, CA3, CA4 of hippocampi.CONCLUSION: In rats with hepatic encephalopathy, mRNA expression levels of GABAA receptor subunits α1,β1, γ2 increase significantly in basal nuclei, substantia nigra and hippocampi, suggesting that the changes of mRNA expression levels in GABAA receptor subunits may contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy.

Age-related effects of estrogen on the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) α and β mRNA in the ovariectomized (OVX) monkey hypothalamus

In the present study, we reported distribution of ERα and ER β mRNAs in the hypothalamus of young and old ovariectomized （OVX） rhesus macaques. The ERα were detected in all six major vestiblular nuclei which included arcuate nucleus （ARC） , paraventricularis nucleus （PVN） , periventricular nucleus （PeriV） , supraoptic nucleus （SON）, medial prioptic nucleus （MPN） and lateral hypotbalamus area （LHA）. However, the ERβ mRNA can also detected in those nuclei excerpt SON, but the signals of ERβ mRNA were weaker than those of ERα mRNA. We observed that the degree of expression of ERs mRNA were different in most nucleus of old and young monkeys. The ERα mRNAs were highly expressed in ARC and SON in young monkeys compared with old monkeys. Moderate amount of ERα mRNAs hybridization signals and weak signals were observed in LHA, and MPN both in young and old monkeys. In contrast, only lower level of ERα hybridization signal were observed in PVN and PeriV in young monkeys, and the signals of ERα were very low in those nucleus of old monkeys. In general, the expression of ERβ mRNA were weaker than that of ERα mRNA in above nucleus excerpt LHA. The relatively higher density of ERβ hybridization signals have been observed in the LHA in young monkey compared with old monkeys. Low amount of. ERβ mRNA hybridization signals were observed in the ARC, PVN and MPN, and no age differences were seen in PVN and MPN of those monkeys. In PeriV, we observed some signals in young monkey and a few signals in old monkeys. It was different from the rodent in which we did not found ERβ hybridization signal in SON. This study showed that both of the two estrogen receptors not only had the same pattern of expression but also had many different patterns of expression. The different expression of ERα and ERβ mRNAs in the young and old monkey brain may imply diverse functions in different regions of the monkey brain.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 mRNA isoforms and insulinlike growth factor-1 receptor mRNA expression in chronic hepatitis C

AIM: to evaluate the expression of different insulinlike growth factor(IGF)-1 mRNA isoforms and IGF-1 receptor(IGF-1R) mRNA in hepatitis C virus(HCV)-infected livers. METHODS: Thirty-four liver biopsy specimens from chronic hepatitis C(CH-C) patients were obtained before anti-viral therapy. Inflammatory activity(grading) and advancement of fibrosis(staging) were evaluated using a modified point scale of METAVIR. The samples were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR technique. From fragments of liver biopsies and control liver that were divided and ground in liquid nitrogen, RNA was isolated using RNeasy Fibrous Tissue Mini Kit according to the manufacturer's instruction. Expression levels of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms(IGF-1A, IGF-1B, IGF-1C, P1, and P2) and IGF-1R mRNA were determined through normalization of copy numbers in samples as related to reference genes: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and hydroxymethylbilane synthase. Results on liver expression of the IGF-1 mRNA isoforms and IGF-1R transcript were compared to histological alterations in liver biopsies and with selected clinical data in the patients. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica PL v. 9 software. RESULTS: The study showed differences in quantitative expression of IGF-1 mRNA variants in HCV-infected livers, as compared to the control. Higher relative expression of total IGF-1 mRNA and of IGF-1 mRNAs isoforms(P1, A, and C) in HCV-infected livers as compared to the control were detected. Within both groups, expression of the IGF-1A mRNA isoform significantly prevailed over expressions of B and C isoforms. Expression of P1 mRNA was higher than that of P2 only in CH-C. Very high positive correlations were detected between reciprocal expressions of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms P1 and P2(r = 0.876). Expression of P1 and P2 mRNA correlated with IGF-1A mRNA(r = 0.891; r = 0.821, respectively), with IGF-1B mRNA(r = 0.854; r = 0.813, respectively), and with IGF-1C mRNA(r = 0.839; r = 0.741, respectively). Expression of IGF-1A mRNA significantly correlated with isoform B and C mRNA(r = 0.956; r = 0.869, respectively), and B with C isoforms(r = 0.868)(P < 0.05 in all cases). Lower expression of IGF-1A and B transcripts was noted in the more advanced liver grading(G2) as compared to G1. Multiple negative correlations were detected between expression of various IGF-1 transcripts and clinical data(e.g., alpha fetoprotein, HCV RNA, steatosis, grading, and staging). Expression of IGF-1R mRNA manifested positive correlation with grading and HCV-RNA. CONCLUSION: Differences in quantitative expression of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms in HCV-infected livers, as compared to the control, suggest that HCV may induce alteration of IGF-1 splicing profile.

Down-regulation of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA by glucocorticoids in rats

The effect of glucocorticoids on the down-regulation of glucocorticoidreceptor (GR) mRNA was studied in intact rats.GR mRNA was characterized byNorthern blot hybridization and quantitated by dot blot hybridization using a hu-man GR cDNA fragment as a probe.Administration of hydrocortisone (F) inpolyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resulted in a rapid increase in plasma glucocorticoidswhich maintained at stress levels (20 to 40μg/dl) for about 3 d.HepaticGR mRNA decreased significantly to 73.5±6.3% of control values 6h followingF treatment,after which the decline of GR mRNA was gradual,reaching a mini-mum of 44.0±5.0% of control levels 3d after the treatment.The effect of F onthe down-regulation of hepatic GR mRNA lasted up to 11 d.In contrast,F treat-ment had no effect on GR mRNA in rat brain.These results are consistent withthe changes in GR in rats as reported previously,except that even though thehepatic cytosol GR decreased markedly,no significant changes in hepatic GRmRNA were found 1h after F treatment,strongly suggesting that thedown-regulation of GR by its ligands in vivo occurs at both transcriptional andposttranscriptional levels and is of tissue-specific fashion.

Effects of Progestin and Antiprogestin on the Expression of FSH Receptor and LH Receptor mRNA in Porcine Granulosa and Thecal Cells

In order to investigate the mechanism of progestin and antiprogestin in the regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis, a dual chamber culture system was prepared with the amnion membrane of human placenta. Isolated porcine granulosa and thecal cells from 4~6 mm diameter follicles were grown on both sides of the amnion, respectively, and co cultured with or without LNG and RU486. After 48 h incubation, the mRNAs of FSH receptor (FSH R) and LH receptor (LH R) of both cells were observed by in situ hybridization. The results showed that granulosa cells expressed both FSH R mRNA and LH R mRNA, while thecal cells expressed LH R mRNA only. Under the stimulation of FSH, both LNG and RU486 increased FSH R mRNA expression of granulosa cells. Under the stimulation of LH, LNG enhanced LH R mRNA expression of thecal cells; while RU486 decreased its expression. When granulosa and thecal cells were exposed to FSH and LH both, the actions of LNG and RU486 in thecal cells showed the same result as that stimulated by LH alone. In granulosa cells LNG decreased LH R mRNA expression, while RU486 increased its expression. These data suggest that: (1) granulosa cells expressed FSH R mRNA significantly; (2) both the progestin and antiprogestin directly acted on the mRNA expression of gonadotropin receptors of ovarian cells, but effects were different; (3) the response of granulosa or thecal cells to the action of LNG and RU486 was not the same. The mechanism needs to be further investigated.

Evaluation of Steroid Receptors mRNA Fingerprints in Two Groups of Normozoospermic Patients: Men from Unexplained Infertility Couples vs. Men from Couples with Tubal Factor Infertility

The study of sperm cellular components at molecular level is crucial for the diagnosis of male unexplained infertility. The aim of the study was to compare the molecular profile of steroid receptors and aromatase in spermatozoa obtained from two normozoospermic groups of patients issued from couples treated for infertility. We investigated 46 male patients from unexplained infertility couples and from men, 38 where female partners presented with tubal infertility. Sperm ERs (estrogen receptors: alpha and beta), GPER (G protein-coupled estrogen receptor), AR (androgen receptor) and aromatase mRNA expression levels by TaqMan qPCR were analyzed. AR transcript level was significantly lower in sperm of men from unexplained infertility couples vs. men from couples with tubal factor infertility (P = 0.04). Although the AR mRNA expression level did not had any effect on embryo development and its implantation, a significant correlation between AR mRNA levels and clinical pregnancy in unexplained infertility patients was observed. Taken together, AR transcript presence in ejaculated spermatozoa could be a potential marker for unexplained infertility.

Expression of mRNA of chemokines and chemokine receptors and cytokines amount in the blood of healthy volunteers

Background: Chemokines are small proteins that activate immune system in normal and pathological conditions. The induction of chemotaxis is a well-established role of chemokines. Moreover chemokines are important mediators of angiogenesis, implantation of fetus, and maturation of immune cells. In human body many types of cells express chemokines and cytokines at level of gene and protein. In blood cells chemokine and chemokine receptors mRNA level is a one of crucial points of chemokine system condition. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between plasma concentration of cyto- kines and chemokines/chemokine receptors mRNA level in blood of healthy volunteers. Results: Gene expression of eotaxin, eotaxin-2, IL-8, MIP-1α, MIP- 1β, RANTES, CCR1, CCR3, CCR5, CXCR1, and CXCR2 was measured in peripheral blood cells, as well as the concentration of IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, eotaxin, FGF-2, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, PDGF-BB, RANTES, TNF-α, and VEGF was evaluated in the plasma of 19 healthy individuals. We studied rela- tionship between mRNA levels of chemokines/recaptors and cytokine concentration in blood of healthy volunteers. Conclusion: These data are allowed to assess chemokines impact in the cytokine regulation of healthy subjects. These results indicate that chemokines and their receptors is diverse and redundant system of immune reactivity in response to internal and external challenges.

Ractopamine Hydrochloride and Estradiol + Trenbolone Acetate Implants Alter Myogenic mRNA, <i>β</i>-Adrenergic Receptors, and Blood Metabolites

Two commonly used growth promotants in the United States beef industry are β-agonists and anabolic steroid hormones. Each has been shown to increase lean muscle deposition in cattle provided treatments of each growth technology, but much is still unknown of how steroidal implants and β-agonists work in combination. It was our goal to determine the effect of implant strategy and β-agonist administration in beef feedlot heifers (n = 264). A 3 × 2 factorial randomized complete block design was used with 2 levels of OPT and 3 different durations of terminal implant (TI) windows for a total of 6 treatment groups with 9 replications. Terminal implants (20 mg estradiol/200 mg trenbolone acetate implant, Component TE-200) were provided to heifers 140 d from slaughter (TI140), 100 d from slaughter (TI100), or 60 d from slaughter (TI60). Animals receiving the later two TI being first implanted on day 0 (8 mg estradiol/80 mg trenbolone acetate implant, Component TE-IH). The second treatment of the cattle received was the orally active beta adrenergic agonist, ractopamine-hydrochloride (RH) in the form of Optaflexx®(OPT;0 (NO) or 200 (YES) mg/hd·d-1) over the final 28 days of the trial. Thirty animals were subjected to longissimus muscle (LM) biopsies on d 0, 40, 80, 112, and at slaughter on d 140 to view mRNA levels of myogenic related genes and protein quantities of the β1-adrenergic receptor (β1 AR) and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2 AR). On the same days, blood samples were taken from 108 animals to assess changes in plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and progesterone due to treatments. Relative mRNA levels of myosin heavy chain IIX (MHC IIX), AMPKα, and IGF-I were increased (P < 0.05) in animals receiving a TI100 over the other two implant dates after OPT was fed to animals. After OPT administration myosin heavy chain IIA (MHC IIA) mRNA levels tended to decrease (P = 0.09) due to OPT. An interaction between TI d and OPT administration caused an increase (P < 0.05) in MHC IIA mRNA level in the TI60/Yes treatment group over all other treatments except the TI100/No treatment group. Protein intensity of the β2 AR was decreased (P < 0.05) by the latest TI d (TI60) during OPT feeding, while β1 AR protein intensity tended to be lower (P < 0.10) in animals fed OPT. Plasma BUN levels were reduced (P < 0.05) after terminal implants and OPT feeding;while progesterone was decreased (P < 0.05) by OPT alone. Neither growth promotant affected NEFA levels in plasma. Collectively, these data indicate that ractopamine hydrochloride and estradiol + trenbolone acetate implants alter myogenic mRNA, β-adrenergic receptors, and blood metabolites in finishing beef heifers.

外周血TLR4 mRNA及IL-22、NLR联合检测对脓毒症患者预后的评估价值

目的分析外周血Toll样受体4(TLR4)mRNA及白细胞介素-22(IL-22)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合检测对脓毒症患者预后的评估价值。方法选取2020年1月至2023年1月于海南医学院第一附属医院接受治疗的108例脓毒症患者作为研究对象,依据患者入院治疗日起1月内预后情况分为预后良好组(71例)与预后不良组(37例)。收集入组时两组患者的基本资料,性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、入院时感染情况、糖尿病史、高血压史、心血管疾病史、使用血制品、机械通气、是否多器官衰竭等及实验室指标TLR4 mRNA、IL-22、NLR。单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析影响脓毒症预后不良的危险因素,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析TLR4 mRNA、IL-22、NLR单项及联合检测对脓毒症患者预后的评估效能。结果预后良好组与预后不良组年龄、有无高血压史、心血管疾病史、机械通气、多器官衰竭比较差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.427、5.698、4.618、6.948、7.300,P<0.05),预后不良组TLR4mRNA、IL-22、NLR水平均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.649、4.205、8.243,P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,有机械通气、多器官衰竭、TLR4 mRNA、IL-22、NLR水平升高为脓毒症患者预后不良独立危险因素(P<0.05);ROC结果显示,TLR4 mRNA、IL-22、NLR单项及联合检测预测毒症患者预后不良曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.846、0.747、0.669、0.914联合检测优于单一检测(P<0.05)。结论TLR4 mRNA、IL-22、NLR脓毒症患者预后有关,且均对患者预后情况具有良好的预测效能。

更年健上调老年雌性大鼠下丘脑雌激素受体mRNA表达对P物质和β-内啡肽的影响

目的：探讨中药复方更年健上调老年雌性大鼠下丘脑雌激素受体（ ＥＲ）和 ＥＲ信使核糖核酸（ｍＲＮＡ）对Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）和β－内啡肽（β－ＥＰ）的影响。方法：建立自然衰老的雌性大鼠模型，用放射配体结合分析法检测 ＥＲ，用 Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分析 ＥＲｍＲＮＡ的改变，用放射免疫分析法检测 ＳＰ和β－ＥＰ含量。结果：老年雌性大鼠性减退期下丘脑 ＥＲ和 ＥＲｍＲＮＡ水平随血清Ｅ_２水平的下降较性成熟期显著下降，而更年健则使下降了的ＥＲ和ＥＲｍＲＮＡ水平明显提高，并通过上调下丘脑ＥＲｍＲＮＡ使ＳＰ明显下降，而β－ＥＰ则显著提高，与提高体内雌激素水平具有同样的效果。结论：更年健可增加ＲＲ在下丘脑的表达以增强雌激素的生物学效应，同时降低下丘脑 ＳＰ水平而提高 β－ＥＰ的含量。

饲料锌添加水平对凡纳滨对虾免疫抗菌机能和溶菌酶mRNA及Toll受体mRNA表达的影响

在基础饲料中添加不同水平蛋氨酸锌(添加水平分别为0、50、150 mg Zn/kg)并饲喂凡纳滨对虾,养殖14 d后,取样测定对虾鳃组织中Toll受体mRNA和溶菌酶mRNA的表达水平以及肝胰腺、肌肉和血淋巴中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和溶菌酶(LSZ)活性,并进行溶藻弧菌人工急性感染试验。结果表明,凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺及肌肉中锌蓄积水平随饲料锌添加量的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),肝胰腺中锌蓄积更明显。添加50 mg Zn/kg组(锌含量为73.25 mgZn/kg饲料)对虾鳃组织中的Toll受体mRNA和溶菌酶mRNA表达量均显著高于未添加锌组和添加150 mg Zn/kg组(P<0.05)。添加50 mg Zn/kg组对虾肌肉、肝胰腺和血淋巴中溶菌酶活性显著高于未添加锌组(P<0.05)。添加50 mg Zn/kg组对虾肝胰腺和血淋巴中的SOD活性也显著高于未添加锌组,但与添加150 mg Zn/kg组无显著差异。而肌肉中SOD活性在添加150 mg Zn/kg组中最高。经溶藻弧菌人工急性感染后,添加50 mg Zn/kg组对虾半致死时间和全致死时间大于未添加锌组和添加150 mg Zn/kg组。本研究表明,相比摄食未添加锌组饲料和添加150 mg Zn/kg组饲料,凡纳滨对虾的免疫抗菌机能在摄取添加50 mg Zn/kg(锌含量为73.25 mg Zn/kg饲料)饲料时得到改善。

中药对疲劳大鼠脑内学习记忆相关递质谷氨酸及γ-氨基丁酸受体mRNA表达的影响

目的观察不同方药对运动性疲劳模型大鼠学习记忆相关递质谷氨酸(GLU)及γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)受体mRNA表达水平的调节作用。方法 SD大鼠随机分正常对照组、模型组、疏肝中药组、健脾中药组、补肾中药组。采用大鼠游泳方式建立运动性疲劳动物模型,并应用疏肝方剂四逆散、健脾方剂四君子汤、补肾方剂金匮肾气丸对疲劳大鼠进行干预,通过荧光定时定量PCR实验技术测定各组大鼠海马及纹状体GLU的NMDA受体亚单位NR1/NR2A/NR2B mRNA以及GABA受体GABAARα1 mRNA的表达水平。结果模型组海马部位NR1、NR2A、NR2B mRNA与正常组比较表达下降,GABAARα1 mRNA表达升高。纹状体部位模型组NR1、NR2A mRNA表达升高,NR2B mRNA表达下降,GABAARα1 mRNA表达升高。疏肝中药组对海马及纹状体NR1和NR2A受体mRNA的调节作用最好,健脾中药组对NR2B受体mRNA的调节作用最好,两方都能够调节升高的GABAARα1 mRNA表达水平。补肾中药组对上述受体mRNA的调节作用不明显。结论应用疏肝、健脾方剂四逆散和四君子汤可以很好地调节运动性疲劳模型大鼠脑内学习记忆相关递质GLU和GABA受体mRNA的表达。

雌性大鼠心内神经节中雌激素受体及其mRNA的表达

目的 在雌激素受体蛋白及ERmRNA水平提供雌激素对心内神经节中神经元作用的形态学依据。方法 采用免疫组织化学及原位杂交技术。 结果 在心内神经节部分神经元中 ,雌激素受体免疫反应及其mRNA原位杂交反应阳性。雌激素受体免疫反应沉淀物呈棕黄色 ,定位于胞核 ,雌激素受体mRNA免疫反应沉淀物呈棕黄色 ,定位于胞浆。 结论 大鼠心内神经节中 ,部分神经元能合成雌激素受体蛋白 ,说明ER阳性神经元可以为雌激素提供结合位点 ,因此 ,这些神经元可能受到雌激素的影响。

长型Leptin(瘦素)受体mRNA在大鼠消化道中的表达

本试验以 5只 SD雌性大鼠为研究对象 ,采用原位杂交技术研究了大鼠消化道长型 Leptin (瘦素 )受体 m RNA的表达及其分布。结果表明 ,长型 Leptin受体 m RNA在大鼠胃和十二指肠的粘膜及粘膜下层组织中广泛表达 ,从而证明了在大鼠消化道存在长型

柴胡皂甙d上调人急性早幼粒白血病细胞糖皮质激素受体mRNA对细胞生长的影响

目的：观察柴胡皂甙d（SSd）对人急性早幼粒白血症细胞（HL60）糖皮质激素受体（GR）mRNA表达的调节作用及对细胞生长的影响。方法：用从柴胡中提取的单体成分SSd，以3H-胸腺嘧啶（3H－TdR）掺入法和流式细胞仪观察细胞生长，用Northernblot分析SSd对GRmRNA的改变。结果：经SSd作用后，HL60细胞2H－TdR掺入率明显降低，呈时间和剂量依赖关系，SSd10μg／ml处理48h作用最明显；流式细胞仅分析细胞呈现G0／G1期阻滞现象，GRmRNA表达增加。结论：SSd可上调HL60细胞GRmRNA表达并抑制细胞生长。

生长抑素受体家族mRNA在肺癌中分布与表达的研究

目的 探索生长抑素受体 5种亚型 (SSTR1～ 5 )在肺癌中的分布与表达特性。方法 以 [α 35S]dATP标记SSTR 5种亚型的寡核苷酸为探针 ,运用原位杂交技术 ,检测 2 1例不同病理类型肺癌组织中SSTR1～ 5mRNA的分布模式 ,并用Leica图像分析仪对其表达密度作半定量分析。结果 ①SSTR1～ 5在肺癌中的分布 :在小细胞肺癌中以SSTR2为主 ,而在肺腺癌、肺鳞癌 2种非小细胞肺癌中以SSTR1为主 ;②SSTR1～ 5在肺癌中的半定量分析 :非小细胞肺癌类受体含量高于小细胞肺癌 (P<0 0 1)。结论 肺癌中SSTR各亚型的分布模式和表达密度具有病理组织类型间的异质性 ;小细胞肺癌和非小细胞肺癌都有SSTR的表达 。

生长激素受体mRNA在肝细胞癌和癌旁肝硬化组织中的表达

背景与目的:正常肝组织富含生长激素受体mRNA,但在肝细胞癌、癌旁肝硬化组织中生长激素受体mRNA的表达情况不详,因此,本文旨在探讨肝癌组织、癌旁肝硬化组织中生长激素受体mRNA的表达情况。方法:采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应方法检测37例肝癌患者肝癌组织、癌旁肝硬化组织中生长激素受体mRNA的表达。结果:肝癌组织生长激素受体mRNA表达率(30/37,81.0%)较癌旁肝硬化组织的表达率(32/32,100%)低(P<0.05),未分化肝癌的表达率(1/4,20.0%)更低(P<0.5);癌旁肝硬化组织的生长激素受体mRNA的表达量犤积分光密度比值(riOD)为(30.77±8.24)%,n=32犦较正常对照肝组织的表达量犤riOD为(44.93±6.25)%,n=5犦少(P<0.05),重度肝硬化的表达量犤riOD为(21.90±4.72)%,n=8犦更少(P<0.05)。结论:生长激素受体mRNA的表达下调与肝癌的分化程度、癌旁肝硬化的严重程度有关。

5-HT_1受体各亚型mRNAs在大鼠脊髓不同节段背角和腹角的表达(英文)

为进一步了解5-HT受体在中枢感觉和运动机能中的作用,本研究利用反转录PCR方法比较了5-HT1A,5-HT1B,5-HT1D,5-HT1E和5-HT1F受体亚型mRNAs在脊髓不同节段的背角、腹角的表达。结果显示:5-HT1A,5-HT1B,5-HT1D受体亚型mRNA的表达水平在胸、腰、骶段脊髓的背角明显高于腹角;而颈段背角内的表达仅略高于腹角。脊髓内未检测到5-HT1E受体亚型;5-HT1F受体亚型在脊髓各节段的背角和腹角都有较高水平的表达。5-HT1受体家族各亚型mRNA在脊髓背角和腹角表达水平的差异可能提示它们在中枢感觉和运动功能中发挥不同的作用。