A corrective factor (E,ρ)≤1) dependent on ion energy and mass density of material for energy loss has been introduced into Bethe-Bloch formula, so that the energy deposition process of fast ion penetrating through t...A corrective factor (E,ρ)≤1) dependent on ion energy and mass density of material for energy loss has been introduced into Bethe-Bloch formula, so that the energy deposition process of fast ion penetrating through the allotropic solid films are well discussed with the two-component assumption. An analysis expression of electronic stopping power for different phase structures has been derived from the contribution of "valence" and "core" electrons. The two thirds of inelastic scattering arisen from valence electron was revealed by comparing the theoretical calculation and experimental results on both random and oriented lattice site. The corrective factor representative to the role of inner electrons increases with the projectile energy but decreases with mass density of solids.展开更多
Presenting a unified model of motion and gravity has proved difficult as current approaches to quantum and classical physics are incompatible. Using measurement quantization—a model that demonstrates the physical sig...Presenting a unified model of motion and gravity has proved difficult as current approaches to quantum and classical physics are incompatible. Using measurement quantization—a model that demonstrates the physical significance of Planck’s units of length, mass, and time—measure is expressed as counts of the fundamental units establishing a common framework for describing quantum and cosmological phenomena with expressions that are defined throughout the entire physical domain. Beginning with the Pythagorean Theorem, we demonstrate an understanding of measure with respect to static and moving references. The model is extended to include the measure of mass thus completing a single approach for describing the contraction and dilation of measure. With this new approach, relativistic effects are now described as properties of quantized finite units of measure. In support of the model, several descriptions of phenomena are resolved that match our most precise data such as the measure of dark energy, universal expansion, mass distribution, and the age of the Cosmic Microwave Background.展开更多
文摘A corrective factor (E,ρ)≤1) dependent on ion energy and mass density of material for energy loss has been introduced into Bethe-Bloch formula, so that the energy deposition process of fast ion penetrating through the allotropic solid films are well discussed with the two-component assumption. An analysis expression of electronic stopping power for different phase structures has been derived from the contribution of "valence" and "core" electrons. The two thirds of inelastic scattering arisen from valence electron was revealed by comparing the theoretical calculation and experimental results on both random and oriented lattice site. The corrective factor representative to the role of inner electrons increases with the projectile energy but decreases with mass density of solids.
文摘Presenting a unified model of motion and gravity has proved difficult as current approaches to quantum and classical physics are incompatible. Using measurement quantization—a model that demonstrates the physical significance of Planck’s units of length, mass, and time—measure is expressed as counts of the fundamental units establishing a common framework for describing quantum and cosmological phenomena with expressions that are defined throughout the entire physical domain. Beginning with the Pythagorean Theorem, we demonstrate an understanding of measure with respect to static and moving references. The model is extended to include the measure of mass thus completing a single approach for describing the contraction and dilation of measure. With this new approach, relativistic effects are now described as properties of quantized finite units of measure. In support of the model, several descriptions of phenomena are resolved that match our most precise data such as the measure of dark energy, universal expansion, mass distribution, and the age of the Cosmic Microwave Background.
