Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world＇s population and for more than 60% of China population. Increasing rice yield is therefore crucial for solving food shortage problem, ensuring food secruity, an...Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world＇s population and for more than 60% of China population. Increasing rice yield is therefore crucial for solving food shortage problem, ensuring food secruity, and reducing poverty. Given the vast population and limited per capita cultivated land in China, meeting food demands by increasing the yield per unit area with the aid of advanced sciences and technologies would be the only option. Several alternative measures for increasing crop yield, such as building water conservancy facilities, increasing fertilizer application, improving soil texture, forming interrelated cultivation techniques, more effective controlling of pests and diseases, and using of elite varieties, have been undertaken. Among these alternative measures, adopting elite varieties, particularly popularizing super hybrid rice, proves to be the most economical and effective option.展开更多
AIM:To compare small bowel(SB) cleanliness and capsule endoscopy(CE) image quality following Ensure,polyethylene glycol(PEG) and standard preparations.METHODS:A preparation protocol for CE that is both efficacious and...AIM:To compare small bowel(SB) cleanliness and capsule endoscopy(CE) image quality following Ensure,polyethylene glycol(PEG) and standard preparations.METHODS:A preparation protocol for CE that is both efficacious and acceptable to patients remains elusive.Considering the physiological function of the SB as a site for the digestion and absorption of food and not as a stool reservoir,preparation consisting of a liquid,fiber-free formula ingested one day before a CE study might have an advantage over other kinds of preparations.We conducted a prospective,blind-topreparation,two-center study that compared four types of preparations.The participants' demographic and clinical data were collected.Gastric and SB transit times were calculated.The presence of bile in the duodenum was scored by a single,blinded-to-preparation gastroenterologist expert in CE,as was cleanliness within the proximal,middle and distal part of the SB.A four-point scale was used(grade 1 = no bile or residue,grade 4 ≥ 90% of lumen full of bile or residual material).RESULTS:The 198 consecutive patients who were referred to CE studies due to routine medical reasons were divided into four groups.They all observed a 12-h overnight fast before undergoing CE.Throughout the 24 h preceding the fast,control group 1(n = 45 patients) ate light unrestricted meals,control group 2(n = 81) also ate light meals but free of fruits and vegetables,the PEG group(n = 50) ate unrestricted light meals and ingested the PEG preparation,and the Ensure group(n = 22) ingested only the Ensure formula.Preparation with Ensure improved the visualization of duodenal mucosa(a score of 1.76) by decreasing the bile content compared to preparation with PEG(a score of 2.9)(P = 0.053).Overall,as expected,there was less residue and stool in the proximal part of the SB than in the middle and distal parts in all groups.The total score of cleanliness throughout the length of the SB showed some benefit for Ensure(a score of 1.8) over control group 2(a score of 2)(P = 0.06).The cleanliness grading of the proximal and distal parts of the SB was similar in all four groups(P = 0.6 for both).The cleanliness in the middle part of the SB in the PEG(a score of 1.8) and Ensure groups(a score of 1.7) was equally better than that of control group 2(a score of 2.1)(P = 0.057 and P = 0.07,respectively).All 50 PEG patients had diarrhea as an anticipated side effect,compared with only one patient in the Ensure group.CONCLUSION:Preparation with Ensure,a liquid,fiber-free formula has advantages over standard and PEG preparations,with significantly fewer side effects than PEG.展开更多
China,the big factory offering various commodities to companies and individuals all over the world,is attracting more and more merchants purchasing goods in various ways,through agents,on site,via modern communication...China,the big factory offering various commodities to companies and individuals all over the world,is attracting more and more merchants purchasing goods in various ways,through agents,on site,via modern communication,etc.One essential concern of these merchants is the quality of these commodities.How can the commodity quality be ensured?If there are展开更多
From a historical perspective, the 1982 Constitution was the best one since the founding of the People＇s Republic ofChina （PRC） in 1949.1 With the passage of time and increasing demands from society, China experien...From a historical perspective, the 1982 Constitution was the best one since the founding of the People＇s Republic ofChina （PRC） in 1949.1 With the passage of time and increasing demands from society, China experienced the new sit- uation of modernization, which brought about new conditions or problems in the process of reform and opening up. As a result, the content of the Constitution could not always comply with real conditions. Therefore, the national leg- islature adopted four amendments to the Constitution in 1988,展开更多
Following is an interview given by Shao Mingli, director-general of China＇s State Food and Drug Administration to our reporter on what is being done to ensure food and drug safety in China. As everybody knows, food a...Following is an interview given by Shao Mingli, director-general of China＇s State Food and Drug Administration to our reporter on what is being done to ensure food and drug safety in China. As everybody knows, food and drug safety is vital to people＇s lives.展开更多
China will take comprehensive measures next year to ensure a stable textile export growth, the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) said. Since the country ’s textile export faces complex situation amid a world economy slow...China will take comprehensive measures next year to ensure a stable textile export growth, the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) said. Since the country ’s textile export faces complex situation amid a world economy slowdown and financial turmoil,展开更多
I. A Review of China＇s Judicial Protection for Human Rights To effectively protect human rights, a country needs to specify in its laws a complete series of basic rights its citizens shall enjoy. Meanwhile, the lega...I. A Review of China＇s Judicial Protection for Human Rights To effectively protect human rights, a country needs to specify in its laws a complete series of basic rights its citizens shall enjoy. Meanwhile, the legal rights for an individual citizen would be meaningless even though such rights are prescribed in laws if, when the person＇s rights are infringed upon, he or she has no access to judicial relief. Administration of justice is the last resort, in fact the most effective, means.展开更多
Editor's note: Following is the interview with Liu Qunying, chair of the Women's Federation of Fuijian Province, about how women's rights and interests are protected in this southeastern province.
October 14<sup>th</sup> will be an important day for all of our colleagues engaged in standardization.The theme of the 2008 World Standards Day is'Intelli-gent and sustainable buildings'.The requir...October 14<sup>th</sup> will be an important day for all of our colleagues engaged in standardization.The theme of the 2008 World Standards Day is'Intelli-gent and sustainable buildings'.The requirements for urban residential developments are rising daily,accompanied by increasing public awareness展开更多
On Jul.20,2017,the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other 8 state authorities including the National Development and Reform Commission,the Ministry of Public Security,the Ministry of Finance,the Min...On Jul.20,2017,the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other 8 state authorities including the National Development and Reform Commission,the Ministry of Public Security,the Ministry of Finance,the Ministry of Land and Resources,the People’s Bank of China,the State Administration of Taxation,the State Administration for Industry and Commerce,and the China Securities展开更多
文摘Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world＇s population and for more than 60% of China population. Increasing rice yield is therefore crucial for solving food shortage problem, ensuring food secruity, and reducing poverty. Given the vast population and limited per capita cultivated land in China, meeting food demands by increasing the yield per unit area with the aid of advanced sciences and technologies would be the only option. Several alternative measures for increasing crop yield, such as building water conservancy facilities, increasing fertilizer application, improving soil texture, forming interrelated cultivation techniques, more effective controlling of pests and diseases, and using of elite varieties, have been undertaken. Among these alternative measures, adopting elite varieties, particularly popularizing super hybrid rice, proves to be the most economical and effective option.
文摘AIM:To compare small bowel(SB) cleanliness and capsule endoscopy(CE) image quality following Ensure,polyethylene glycol(PEG) and standard preparations.METHODS:A preparation protocol for CE that is both efficacious and acceptable to patients remains elusive.Considering the physiological function of the SB as a site for the digestion and absorption of food and not as a stool reservoir,preparation consisting of a liquid,fiber-free formula ingested one day before a CE study might have an advantage over other kinds of preparations.We conducted a prospective,blind-topreparation,two-center study that compared four types of preparations.The participants' demographic and clinical data were collected.Gastric and SB transit times were calculated.The presence of bile in the duodenum was scored by a single,blinded-to-preparation gastroenterologist expert in CE,as was cleanliness within the proximal,middle and distal part of the SB.A four-point scale was used(grade 1 = no bile or residue,grade 4 ≥ 90% of lumen full of bile or residual material).RESULTS:The 198 consecutive patients who were referred to CE studies due to routine medical reasons were divided into four groups.They all observed a 12-h overnight fast before undergoing CE.Throughout the 24 h preceding the fast,control group 1(n = 45 patients) ate light unrestricted meals,control group 2(n = 81) also ate light meals but free of fruits and vegetables,the PEG group(n = 50) ate unrestricted light meals and ingested the PEG preparation,and the Ensure group(n = 22) ingested only the Ensure formula.Preparation with Ensure improved the visualization of duodenal mucosa(a score of 1.76) by decreasing the bile content compared to preparation with PEG(a score of 2.9)(P = 0.053).Overall,as expected,there was less residue and stool in the proximal part of the SB than in the middle and distal parts in all groups.The total score of cleanliness throughout the length of the SB showed some benefit for Ensure(a score of 1.8) over control group 2(a score of 2)(P = 0.06).The cleanliness grading of the proximal and distal parts of the SB was similar in all four groups(P = 0.6 for both).The cleanliness in the middle part of the SB in the PEG(a score of 1.8) and Ensure groups(a score of 1.7) was equally better than that of control group 2(a score of 2.1)(P = 0.057 and P = 0.07,respectively).All 50 PEG patients had diarrhea as an anticipated side effect,compared with only one patient in the Ensure group.CONCLUSION:Preparation with Ensure,a liquid,fiber-free formula has advantages over standard and PEG preparations,with significantly fewer side effects than PEG.
文摘China,the big factory offering various commodities to companies and individuals all over the world,is attracting more and more merchants purchasing goods in various ways,through agents,on site,via modern communication,etc.One essential concern of these merchants is the quality of these commodities.How can the commodity quality be ensured?If there are
文摘From a historical perspective, the 1982 Constitution was the best one since the founding of the People＇s Republic ofChina （PRC） in 1949.1 With the passage of time and increasing demands from society, China experienced the new sit- uation of modernization, which brought about new conditions or problems in the process of reform and opening up. As a result, the content of the Constitution could not always comply with real conditions. Therefore, the national leg- islature adopted four amendments to the Constitution in 1988,
文摘Following is an interview given by Shao Mingli, director-general of China＇s State Food and Drug Administration to our reporter on what is being done to ensure food and drug safety in China. As everybody knows, food and drug safety is vital to people＇s lives.
文摘China will take comprehensive measures next year to ensure a stable textile export growth, the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) said. Since the country ’s textile export faces complex situation amid a world economy slowdown and financial turmoil,
文摘I. A Review of China＇s Judicial Protection for Human Rights To effectively protect human rights, a country needs to specify in its laws a complete series of basic rights its citizens shall enjoy. Meanwhile, the legal rights for an individual citizen would be meaningless even though such rights are prescribed in laws if, when the person＇s rights are infringed upon, he or she has no access to judicial relief. Administration of justice is the last resort, in fact the most effective, means.
文摘Editor's note: Following is the interview with Liu Qunying, chair of the Women's Federation of Fuijian Province, about how women's rights and interests are protected in this southeastern province.
文摘October 14<sup>th</sup> will be an important day for all of our colleagues engaged in standardization.The theme of the 2008 World Standards Day is'Intelli-gent and sustainable buildings'.The requirements for urban residential developments are rising daily,accompanied by increasing public awareness
文摘On Jul.20,2017,the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other 8 state authorities including the National Development and Reform Commission,the Ministry of Public Security,the Ministry of Finance,the Ministry of Land and Resources,the People’s Bank of China,the State Administration of Taxation,the State Administration for Industry and Commerce,and the China Securities
