基于Sketch Engine检索工具的英语同义词辨析——以assure和ensure为例

英语中含有诸多同义词,学习者在习得这类词汇时经常会遇到辨析困难。而利用在线SketchEngine工具辨析英语同义词能有效解决这一问题。以辨析英语同义词assure和ensure为例,运用在线Sketch Engine工具进行检索和对比分析,能得到更加客观、可靠的辨析结果。两词有着共同的正式语体倾向,部分相似的类联接,其宾语搭配词的语义韵也趋向一致,但两词在具体语域中分布差异明显。另外,部分类联接、搭配词等方面也存在明显差异。

基于在线COCA辨析英语同义词Assure和Ensure

利用在线COCA对同义词assure和ensure进行辨析,得到了比较理想的辨析结果:这两个词在使用频率、语体特征、使用趋势、类连接以及搭配等方面都有明显差异。对当今英语教学有一定的启发作用,比如培养学生的语体意识,利用频率对学习内容进行取舍,利用语料库进行教学,教会学生利用语料库自学等。

西藏交通警察道路执法工作的风险与防范

西藏自治区自然、地理与气候环境复杂且特殊,道路交通环境相对恶劣,这导致当地交通警察道路执法工作面临诸多风险,包括警员人身安全和执法效能等风险。对此,文章对西藏交通警察道路执法工作风险进行了调查分析,从地区环境、警员安全意识与技能、执法装备、社会宣传和教育等角度探讨了相关风险的成因,针对性相关风险成因,提出从优化警力配置与道路信息推送、加强警员培训、完善警务装备、加强法治化宣传教育等工作来消除相关风险,以期保障警员安全并改善西藏交通环境。

Development of Hybrid Rice to Ensure Food Security

Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world＇s population and for more than 60% of China population. Increasing rice yield is therefore crucial for solving food shortage problem, ensuring food secruity, and reducing poverty. Given the vast population and limited per capita cultivated land in China, meeting food demands by increasing the yield per unit area with the aid of advanced sciences and technologies would be the only option. Several alternative measures for increasing crop yield, such as building water conservancy facilities, increasing fertilizer application, improving soil texture, forming interrelated cultivation techniques, more effective controlling of pests and diseases, and using of elite varieties, have been undertaken. Among these alternative measures, adopting elite varieties, particularly popularizing super hybrid rice, proves to be the most economical and effective option.

Ensure preparation and capsule endoscopy:A two-center prospective study

AIM:To compare small bowel(SB) cleanliness and capsule endoscopy(CE) image quality following Ensure,polyethylene glycol(PEG) and standard preparations.METHODS:A preparation protocol for CE that is both efficacious and acceptable to patients remains elusive.Considering the physiological function of the SB as a site for the digestion and absorption of food and not as a stool reservoir,preparation consisting of a liquid,fiber-free formula ingested one day before a CE study might have an advantage over other kinds of preparations.We conducted a prospective,blind-topreparation,two-center study that compared four types of preparations.The participants' demographic and clinical data were collected.Gastric and SB transit times were calculated.The presence of bile in the duodenum was scored by a single,blinded-to-preparation gastroenterologist expert in CE,as was cleanliness within the proximal,middle and distal part of the SB.A four-point scale was used(grade 1 = no bile or residue,grade 4 ≥ 90% of lumen full of bile or residual material).RESULTS:The 198 consecutive patients who were referred to CE studies due to routine medical reasons were divided into four groups.They all observed a 12-h overnight fast before undergoing CE.Throughout the 24 h preceding the fast,control group 1(n = 45 patients) ate light unrestricted meals,control group 2(n = 81) also ate light meals but free of fruits and vegetables,the PEG group(n = 50) ate unrestricted light meals and ingested the PEG preparation,and the Ensure group(n = 22) ingested only the Ensure formula.Preparation with Ensure improved the visualization of duodenal mucosa(a score of 1.76) by decreasing the bile content compared to preparation with PEG(a score of 2.9)(P = 0.053).Overall,as expected,there was less residue and stool in the proximal part of the SB than in the middle and distal parts in all groups.The total score of cleanliness throughout the length of the SB showed some benefit for Ensure(a score of 1.8) over control group 2(a score of 2)(P = 0.06).The cleanliness grading of the proximal and distal parts of the SB was similar in all four groups(P = 0.6 for both).The cleanliness in the middle part of the SB in the PEG(a score of 1.8) and Ensure groups(a score of 1.7) was equally better than that of control group 2(a score of 2.1)(P = 0.057 and P = 0.07,respectively).All 50 PEG patients had diarrhea as an anticipated side effect,compared with only one patient in the Ensure group.CONCLUSION:Preparation with Ensure,a liquid,fiber-free formula has advantages over standard and PEG preparations,with significantly fewer side effects than PEG.

Continuity of Natural Science Education in the System of“School-University”

At the present time,new state compulsory standards for school education,standard curricula,and curricula have been developed.The programs of higher and postgraduate education do not take into account changes in educational curricula of secondary education.The future specialists of pedagogical universities are teachers of the school.Therefore,graduates of universities on pedagogical specialties,including scientific direction,should be profoundly aware of the content of subjects studied in secondary education.It is very important to understand the need to ensure the continuity of educational curricula of higher pedagogical and general secondary education in conditions of updating the content of education.The relevance of the research topic is due to the lack of continuity in the educational programs of higher pedagogical and general secondary education in conditions of updating the content of education;discrepancy of professional competences of young pedagogical staff,graduates of higher educational institutions,to the conditions of the updated content of school education;the lack of fundamental and applied research to date,considering the theoretical and methodological foundations for ensuring the continuity of natural science education in the“school-university”system in the context of updating the content of education;the need for the research in the context of the implementation of the State Program for the Development of Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2016-2019,which indicates an increase in the prestige of the profession of teachers and an increase in their quality.These theoretical and methodological bases for ensuring the continuity of educational programs of higher pedagogical and secondary education in conditions of updating the content of education will make it possible to introduce changes in the educational curricula of higher and postgraduate education for the training of pedagogical personnel.

How Can Commodity Quality Be Ensured and Relevant Disputes Be Settled?

China,the big factory offering various commodities to companies and individuals all over the world,is attracting more and more merchants purchasing goods in various ways,through agents,on site,via modern communication,etc.One essential concern of these merchants is the quality of these commodities.How can the commodity quality be ensured?If there are

On the Constitutional Prescription to “Respect and Ensure Human Rights”

From a historical perspective, the 1982 Constitution was the best one since the founding of the People＇s Republic ofChina （PRC） in 1949.1 With the passage of time and increasing demands from society, China experienced the new sit- uation of modernization, which brought about new conditions or problems in the process of reform and opening up. As a result, the content of the Constitution could not always comply with real conditions. Therefore, the national leg- islature adopted four amendments to the Constitution in 1988,

Ensure Rights and Interests of Passengers——On new rules of railway accident investigation and reporting

China has issued new regu- lations on the rescue and investigation of railway acci- dents, which came into forcein September 2007.

Work Hard to Ensure Food,Drugs Safety for the People——An interview with Shao Mingli,director-general of the State Food and Drug Administration(SFDA)

Following is an interview given by Shao Mingli, director-general of China＇s State Food and Drug Administration to our reporter on what is being done to ensure food and drug safety in China. As everybody knows, food and drug safety is vital to people＇s lives.

China Works to Ensure Textile Export Growth in 2009

China will take comprehensive measures next year to ensure a stable textile export growth, the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) said. Since the country ’s textile export faces complex situation amid a world economy slowdown and financial turmoil,

“Running China in Accordance with the Law” Ensures Development of Human Rights

I. A Review of China＇s Judicial Protection for Human Rights To effectively protect human rights, a country needs to specify in its laws a complete series of basic rights its citizens shall enjoy. Meanwhile, the legal rights for an individual citizen would be meaningless even though such rights are prescribed in laws if, when the person＇s rights are infringed upon, he or she has no access to judicial relief. Administration of justice is the last resort, in fact the most effective, means.

Protection of Rights Ensures Women's Development--An interview with Liu Qunying,chair of Fujian Women's Federation

Editor's note: Following is the interview with Liu Qunying, chair of the Women's Federation of Fuijian Province, about how women's rights and interests are protected in this southeastern province.

Standards Ensure Basic Life Quality and Safety

October 14th will be an important day for all of our colleagues engaged in standardization.The theme of the 2008 World Standards Day is'Intelli-gent and sustainable buildings'.The requirements for urban residential developments are rising daily,accompanied by increasing public awareness

The Protection of Right of Minors to Express Their Opinions in Family Litigations

The right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations refers to minors,who have a certain degree of mental capacity and assertiveness,having the right to express their opinions on the arrangements or decisions related to themselves when the courts handle familial litigation cases involving their interests,and to request the courts hear their opinions.In essence,the right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations belongs to the basic procedural rights of minors as well as judicial beneficiary rights.As for the protection of the right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations,recognizing the status of minors as independent subjects of rights is the logical premise,the procedural guarantee for the rights of the substantive parties involved is the direct cause,and ensuring the best interests of children is the fundamental reason.In order to protect the right of minors to express their opinions in family litigations,China should standardize the mechanisms for judges to hear the opinions of minors directly,improve the mechanisms for family investigators,and establish mechanisms for representing the interests of minors.

Survey on Influence of Tourism Development on Ensuring Supply and Increasing Income of Farmers in Nyingchi

Tourism is an essential industry promoting economic development of Nyingchi and also plays a great role in national economy. Increasing people's income and improving living conditions are starting points of promoting tourism development. This survey indicates that tourism in Nyingchi develops rapidly,growth rate of tourists is slightly lower than growth rate of income,and per capita tourist consumption is also increasing. Comparative analysis indicates that tourist resources,traffic condition,tourism propaganda intensity,development intensity of relevant products,and seasonal factor have significant influence on ensuring supply and increasing income of farmers. Further analysis shows that low educational level,weak basic tourism knowledge,backward tourism sanitation,and lagging tourist service infrastructure are major problems and obstacles. Resource advantages of scenic spots,setting foot on structural adjustment of characteristic industry,developing specialized farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises,and deeply exploring intension of tourist culture are major approaches for ensuring supply and increasing income of farmers. In sum,it is urgent and important to strengthen ability of ensuring supply and increasing income in improving people's living conditions and promoting tourism development.