Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum computation.Essentially,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to...Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum computation.Essentially,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to differentiate between quantum entanglement and quantum correlation.Nonetheless,this indistinguishability is no longer holds for mixed states.To contribute to a better understanding of this differentiation,we have explored a simple model for both generating and measuring these quantum correlations.Our study concerns two macroscopic mechanical resonators placed in separate Fabry–Pérot cavities,coupled through the photon hopping process.this system offers a comprehensively way to investigate and quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement between these mechanical modes.The key ingredient in analyzing quantum correlation in this system is the global covariance matrix.It forms the basis for computing two essential metrics:the logarithmic negativity(E_(N)^(m))and the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m)).These metrics provide the tools to measure the degree of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations,respectively.Our study reveals that the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m))proves to be a more suitable metric for characterizing quantum correlations among the mechanical modes in an optomechanical quantum system,particularly in scenarios featuring resilient photon hopping.展开更多
Highly entangled hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties,including high toughness,high stretchability,and low hysteresis.By considering the evolution of randomly distributed entanglements within the polymer ...Highly entangled hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties,including high toughness,high stretchability,and low hysteresis.By considering the evolution of randomly distributed entanglements within the polymer network upon mechanical stretches,we develop a constitutive theory to describe the large stretch behaviors of these hydrogels.In the theory,we utilize a representative volume element(RVE)in the shape of a cube,within which there exists an averaged chain segment along each edge and a mobile entanglement at each corner.By employing an explicit method,we decouple the elasticity of the hydrogels from the sliding motion of their entanglements,and derive the stress-stretch relations for these hydrogels.The present theoretical analysis is in agreement with experiment,and highlights the significant influence of the entanglement distribution within the hydrogels on their elasticity.We also implement the present developed constitutive theory into a commercial finite element software,and the subsequent simulations demonstrate that the exact distribution of entanglements strongly affects the mechanical behaviors of the structures of these hydrogels.Overall,the present theory provides valuable insights into the deformation mechanism of highly entangled hydrogels,and can aid in the design of these hydrogels with enhanced performance.展开更多
We theoretically investigate coherent scattering of single photons and quantum entanglement of two giant atoms with azimuthal angle differences in a waveguide system.Using the real-space Hamiltonian,analytical express...We theoretically investigate coherent scattering of single photons and quantum entanglement of two giant atoms with azimuthal angle differences in a waveguide system.Using the real-space Hamiltonian,analytical expressions are derived for the transport spectra scattered by these two giant atoms with four azimuthal angles.Fano-like resonance can be exhibited in the scattering spectra by adjusting the azimuthal angle difference.High concurrence of the entangled state for two atoms can be implemented in a wide angle-difference range,and the entanglement of the atomic states can be switched on/off by modulating the additional azimuthal angle differences from the giant atoms.This suggests a novel handle to effectively control the single-photon scattering and quantum entanglement.展开更多
Nonlinearly induced steady-state photon–phonon entanglement of a dissipative coupled system is studied in the bistable regime. Quantum dynamical characteristics are analysed by solving the mean-field and fluctuation ...Nonlinearly induced steady-state photon–phonon entanglement of a dissipative coupled system is studied in the bistable regime. Quantum dynamical characteristics are analysed by solving the mean-field and fluctuation equations of the system. It is shown that dissipative coupling can induce bistable behaviour for the effective dissipation of the system.Under suitable parameters, one of the steady states significantly reduces the dissipative effect of the system. Consequently,a larger steady-state entanglement can be achieved compared to linear dynamics. Furthermore, the experimental feasibility of the parameters is analysed. Our results provide a new perspective for the implementation of steady-state optomechanical entanglement.展开更多
We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that mo...We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise,and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state(with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.展开更多
We explore the entanglement features of pure symmetric N-qubit states characterized by N-distinct spinors with a particular focus on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and , an equal superposition of W and o...We explore the entanglement features of pure symmetric N-qubit states characterized by N-distinct spinors with a particular focus on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and , an equal superposition of W and obverse W states. Along with a comparison of pairwise entanglement and monogamy properties, we explore the geometric information contained in them by constructing their canonical steering ellipsoids. We obtain the volume monogamy relations satisfied by states as a function of number of qubits and compare with the maximal monogamy property of GHZ states.展开更多
The superiority of hypothetical quantum computers is not due to faster calculations but due to different scheme of calculations running on special hardware. At the same time, one should realize that quantum computers ...The superiority of hypothetical quantum computers is not due to faster calculations but due to different scheme of calculations running on special hardware. At the same time, one should realize that quantum computers would only provide dramatic speedups for a few specific problems, for example, factoring integers and breaking cryptographic codes in the conventional quantum computing approach. The core of quantum computing follows the way a state of a quantum system is defined when basic things interact with each other. In the conventional approach, it is implemented through the tensor product of qubits. In the suggested geometric algebra formalism simultaneous availability of all the results for non-measured observables is based on the definition of states as points on a three-dimensional sphere, which is very different from the usual Hilbert space scheme.展开更多
Quantum communication is a groundbreaking technology that is driving the future of information transmission and communication technologies to a new paradigm.It relies on quantum entanglement to facilitate the transmis...Quantum communication is a groundbreaking technology that is driving the future of information transmission and communication technologies to a new paradigm.It relies on quantum entanglement to facilitate the transmission of quantum states between parties.Quantum repeaters are crucial for facilitating long-distance quantum communication.These quantum devices act as intermediaries between adjacent communication channel segments within a fragmented quantum network,allowing for entanglement swapping between the channel segments.This entanglement swapping process establishes entanglement links between the endpoints of adjacent segments,gradually creating a continuous entanglement connection over the entire length of the transmission channel.The established quantum link can be utilized for secure and efficient quantum communication between distant sender and receiver nodes.This study focuses on quantum entanglement purification,a protocol aimed at maintaining high fidelity entangled states above the operational threshold of the communication channel.This study investigates the optimal stage for executing the purification protocol and applies optimization schemes to evaluate various purification protocols.We use IBM Qiskit for circuit implementation and simulation.The results offer valuable insights into future approaches to implementing practical quantum repeaters and shed light on existing and anticipated challenges.展开更多
The present model deals with a protocol which involves the generation and conversion of entanglement from pathspin(P-S)hybrid entanglement associated with half-spin particle to spin-spin(S-S)interparticle entanglement...The present model deals with a protocol which involves the generation and conversion of entanglement from pathspin(P-S)hybrid entanglement associated with half-spin particle to spin-spin(S-S)interparticle entanglement.This protocol finds its applications in quantum information processing via a series of operations which include a beam splitter,spin flipper,spin measurement,classical channel,unitary transformations.Finally,it leads to two particles having completely entangled spin variables,without any requirement of any simultaneous operation on the two particles.展开更多
Entanglement and coherence are two important resources in quantum information theory. A question naturally arises:Is there some connection between them? We prove that the entanglement of formation and the first-order ...Entanglement and coherence are two important resources in quantum information theory. A question naturally arises:Is there some connection between them? We prove that the entanglement of formation and the first-order coherence of twoqubit states satisfy an inequality relation. Two-qubit pure state reaches the upper bound of this inequality. A large number of randomly generated states are used to intuitively verify the complementarity between the entanglement of formation and the first-order coherence. We give the maximum accessible coherence of two-qubit states. Our research results will provide a reliable theoretical basis for conversion of the two quantum resources.展开更多
Entanglement-assisted quantum error correction codes(EAQECCs)play an important role in quantum communications with noise.Such a scheme can use arbitrary classical linear code to transmit qubits over noisy quantum chan...Entanglement-assisted quantum error correction codes(EAQECCs)play an important role in quantum communications with noise.Such a scheme can use arbitrary classical linear code to transmit qubits over noisy quantum channels by consuming some ebits between the sender(Alice)and the receiver(Bob).It is usually assumed that the preshared ebits of Bob are error free.However,noise on these ebits is unavoidable in many cases.In this work,we evaluate the performance of EAQECCs with noisy ebits over asymmetric quantum channels and quantum channels with memory by computing the exact entanglement fidelity of several EAQECCs.We consider asymmetric errors in both qubits and ebits and show that the performance of EAQECCs in entanglement fidelity gets improved for qubits and ebits over asymmetric channels.In quantum memory channels,we compute the entanglement fidelity of several EAQECCs over Markovian quantum memory channels and show that the performance of EAQECCs is lowered down by the channel memory.Furthermore,we show that the performance of EAQECCs is diverse when the error probabilities of qubits and ebits are different.In both asymmetric and memory quantum channels,we show that the performance of EAQECCs is improved largely when the error probability of ebits is reasonably smaller than that of qubits.展开更多
Fidelity plays an important role in quantum information processing,which provides a basic scale for comparing two quantum states.At present,one of the most commonly used fidelities is Uhlmann-Jozsa(U-J)fidelity.Howeve...Fidelity plays an important role in quantum information processing,which provides a basic scale for comparing two quantum states.At present,one of the most commonly used fidelities is Uhlmann-Jozsa(U-J)fidelity.However,U-J fidelity needs to calculate the square root of the matrix,which is not trivial in the case of large or infinite density matrices.Moreover,U-J fidelity is a measure of overlap,which has limitations in some cases and cannot reflect the similarity between quantum states well.Therefore,a novel quantum fidelity measure called quantum Tanimoto coefficient(QTC)fidelity is proposed in this paper.Unlike other existing fidelities,QTC fidelity not only considers the overlap between quantum states,but also takes into account the separation between quantum states for the first time,which leads to a better performance of measure.Specifically,we discuss the properties of the proposed QTC fidelity.QTC fidelity is compared with some existing fidelities through specific examples,which reflects the effectiveness and advantages of QTC fidelity.In addition,based on the QTC fidelity,three discrimination coefficients d_(1)^(QTC),d_(2)^(QTC),and d_^(3)^(QTC)are defined to measure the difference between quantum states.It is proved that the discrimination coefficient d_(3)^(QTC)is a true metric.Finally,we apply the proposed QTC fidelity-based discrimination coefficients to measure the entanglement of quantum states to show their practicability.展开更多
Monogamy and polygamy relations are important properties of entanglement,which characterize the entanglement distribution of multipartite systems.We explore monogamy and polygamy relations of entanglement in multipart...Monogamy and polygamy relations are important properties of entanglement,which characterize the entanglement distribution of multipartite systems.We explore monogamy and polygamy relations of entanglement in multipartite systems by using two newly derived parameterized mathematical inequalities,and establish classes of parameterized monogamy and polygamy relations of multiqubit entanglement in terms of concurrence and entanglement of formation.We show that these new parameterized monogamy and poelygamy inequalities are tighter than the existing ones by detailed examples.展开更多
Exploring the role of entanglement in quantum nonequilibrium dynamics is important to understand the mechanism of thermalization in an isolated system. We study the relaxation dynamics in a one-dimensional extended B...Exploring the role of entanglement in quantum nonequilibrium dynamics is important to understand the mechanism of thermalization in an isolated system. We study the relaxation dynamics in a one-dimensional extended Bose–Hubbard model after a global interaction quench by considering several observables: the local Boson numbers, the nonlocal entanglement entropy, and the momentum distribution functions. We calculate the thermalization fidelity for different quench parameters and different sizes of subsystems, and the results show that the degree of thermalization is affected by the distance from the integrable point and the size of the subsystem. We employ the Pearson coefficient as the measurement of the correlation between the entanglement entropy and thermalization fidelity, and a strong correlation is demonstrated for the quenched system.展开更多
We study the relationship between quench dynamics of entanglement and quantum phase transition in the antiferromagnetic Ising model with the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya(DM)interaction by using the quantum renormalization-g...We study the relationship between quench dynamics of entanglement and quantum phase transition in the antiferromagnetic Ising model with the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya(DM)interaction by using the quantum renormalization-group method and the definition of negativity.Two types of quench protocols(i)adding the DM interaction suddenly and(ii)rotating the spins around x axis are considered to drive the dynamics of the system,respectively.By comparing the behaviors of entanglement in both types of quench protocols,the effects of quench on dynamics of entanglement are studied.It is found that there is the same characteristic time at which the negativity firstly reaches its maximum although the system shows different dynamical behaviors.Especially,the characteristic time can accurately reflect the quantum phase transition from antiferromagnetic to saturated chiral phases in the system.In addition,the correlation length exponent can be obtained by exploring the nonanalytic and scaling behaviors of the derivative of the characteristic time.展开更多
Quantifying entanglement in quantum systems is an important yet challenging task due to its NP-hard nature.In this work,we propose an efficient algorithm for evaluating distance-based entanglement measures.Our approac...Quantifying entanglement in quantum systems is an important yet challenging task due to its NP-hard nature.In this work,we propose an efficient algorithm for evaluating distance-based entanglement measures.Our approach builds on Gilbert's algorithm for convex optimization,providing a reliable upper bound on the entanglement of a given arbitrary state.We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm by applying it to various examples,such as calculating the squared Bures metric of entanglement as well as the relative entropy of entanglement for GHZ states,W states,Horodecki states,and chessboard states.These results demonstrate that our algorithm is a versatile and accurate tool that can quickly provide reliable upper bounds for entanglement measures.展开更多
We study the quantum phase transition and entanglement in the Jaynes-Cummings model with squeezed light,utilize a special transformation method to obtain the analytical ground state of the model within the near-resona...We study the quantum phase transition and entanglement in the Jaynes-Cummings model with squeezed light,utilize a special transformation method to obtain the analytical ground state of the model within the near-resonance regime,and numerically verify the validity of the analytical ground state.It is found that the ground state exhibits a first-order quantum phase transition at the critical point linearly induced by squeezed light,and the ground state entanglement reaches its maximum when the qubit-field coupling strength is large enough at the critical point.展开更多
Monogamy and polygamy relations characterize the distributions of entanglement in multipartite systems.We provide a characterization of multiqubit entanglement constraints in terms of unified-(q,s)entropy.A class of t...Monogamy and polygamy relations characterize the distributions of entanglement in multipartite systems.We provide a characterization of multiqubit entanglement constraints in terms of unified-(q,s)entropy.A class of tighter monogamy inequalities of multiqubit entanglement based on theα-th power of unified-(q,s)entanglement forα≥1 and a class of polygamy inequalities in terms of theβ-th power of unified-(q,s)entanglement of assistance are established in this paper.Our results present a general class of the monogamy and polygamy relations for bipartite entanglement measures based on unified-(q,s)entropy,which are tighter than the existing ones.What is more,some usual monogamy and polygamy relations,such as monogamy and polygamy relations based on entanglement of formation,Renyi-q entanglement of assistance and Tsallis-q entanglement of assistance,can be obtained from these results by choosing appropriate parameters(q,s)in unified-(q,s)entropy entanglement.Typical examples are also presented for illustration.展开更多
Quantum entanglement, a key resource in quantum information processing, is reduced by interaction between the quantum system concerned and its unavoidable noisy environment. Therefore it is of particular importance to...Quantum entanglement, a key resource in quantum information processing, is reduced by interaction between the quantum system concerned and its unavoidable noisy environment. Therefore it is of particular importance to study the dynamical properties of entanglement in open quantum systems. In this work, we mainly focus on two qubits coupled to an adjustable environment, namely a semi-infinite transmission line. The two qubits' relaxations, through individual channels or collective channel or both, can be adjusted by the qubits' transition frequencies. We examine entanglement dynamics in this model system with initial Werner state, and show that the phenomena of entanglement sudden death and revival can be observed. Due to the hardness of preparing the Werner state experimentally, we introduce a new type of entangled state called pseudo-Werner state, which preserves as much entangling property as the Werner state, and more importantly,it is experiment friendly. Furthermore, we provide detailed procedures for generating pseudo-Werner state and studying entanglement dynamics with it, which can be straightforwardly implemented in a superconducting waveguide quantum electrodynamics system.展开更多
Qudits with a large Hilbert space to host quantum information are widely utilized in various applications, such as quantum simulation and quantum computation, but the manipulation and scalability of qudits still face ...Qudits with a large Hilbert space to host quantum information are widely utilized in various applications, such as quantum simulation and quantum computation, but the manipulation and scalability of qudits still face challenges. Here, we propose a scheme to directly and locally transfer quantum information from multiple atomic qubits to a single qudit and vice versa in an optical cavity. With the qubit–qudit interaction induced by the cavity, our scheme can transfer quantum states efficiently and measurement-independently. In addition, this scheme can robustly generate a high-dimensional maximal entangled state with asymmetric particle numbers, showing its potential in realizing an entanglement channel. Such an information interface for qubits and qudit may have enlightening significance for future research on quantum systems in hybrid dimensions.展开更多
文摘Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum computation.Essentially,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to differentiate between quantum entanglement and quantum correlation.Nonetheless,this indistinguishability is no longer holds for mixed states.To contribute to a better understanding of this differentiation,we have explored a simple model for both generating and measuring these quantum correlations.Our study concerns two macroscopic mechanical resonators placed in separate Fabry–Pérot cavities,coupled through the photon hopping process.this system offers a comprehensively way to investigate and quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement between these mechanical modes.The key ingredient in analyzing quantum correlation in this system is the global covariance matrix.It forms the basis for computing two essential metrics:the logarithmic negativity(E_(N)^(m))and the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m)).These metrics provide the tools to measure the degree of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations,respectively.Our study reveals that the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m))proves to be a more suitable metric for characterizing quantum correlations among the mechanical modes in an optomechanical quantum system,particularly in scenarios featuring resilient photon hopping.
基金Project supported by the Key Research Project of Zhejiang Laboratory (No.K2022NB0AC03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11872334)the National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China (No.LZ23A020004)。
文摘Highly entangled hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties,including high toughness,high stretchability,and low hysteresis.By considering the evolution of randomly distributed entanglements within the polymer network upon mechanical stretches,we develop a constitutive theory to describe the large stretch behaviors of these hydrogels.In the theory,we utilize a representative volume element(RVE)in the shape of a cube,within which there exists an averaged chain segment along each edge and a mobile entanglement at each corner.By employing an explicit method,we decouple the elasticity of the hydrogels from the sliding motion of their entanglements,and derive the stress-stretch relations for these hydrogels.The present theoretical analysis is in agreement with experiment,and highlights the significant influence of the entanglement distribution within the hydrogels on their elasticity.We also implement the present developed constitutive theory into a commercial finite element software,and the subsequent simulations demonstrate that the exact distribution of entanglements strongly affects the mechanical behaviors of the structures of these hydrogels.Overall,the present theory provides valuable insights into the deformation mechanism of highly entangled hydrogels,and can aid in the design of these hydrogels with enhanced performance.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12365003,12364024,and 11864014)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.20212BAB201014 and 20224BAB201023)。
文摘We theoretically investigate coherent scattering of single photons and quantum entanglement of two giant atoms with azimuthal angle differences in a waveguide system.Using the real-space Hamiltonian,analytical expressions are derived for the transport spectra scattered by these two giant atoms with four azimuthal angles.Fano-like resonance can be exhibited in the scattering spectra by adjusting the azimuthal angle difference.High concurrence of the entangled state for two atoms can be implemented in a wide angle-difference range,and the entanglement of the atomic states can be switched on/off by modulating the additional azimuthal angle differences from the giant atoms.This suggests a novel handle to effectively control the single-photon scattering and quantum entanglement.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12074206)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China (Grant No.LY22A040005)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 22103043)。
文摘Nonlinearly induced steady-state photon–phonon entanglement of a dissipative coupled system is studied in the bistable regime. Quantum dynamical characteristics are analysed by solving the mean-field and fluctuation equations of the system. It is shown that dissipative coupling can induce bistable behaviour for the effective dissipation of the system.Under suitable parameters, one of the steady states significantly reduces the dissipative effect of the system. Consequently,a larger steady-state entanglement can be achieved compared to linear dynamics. Furthermore, the experimental feasibility of the parameters is analysed. Our results provide a new perspective for the implementation of steady-state optomechanical entanglement.
文摘We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise,and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state(with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.
文摘We explore the entanglement features of pure symmetric N-qubit states characterized by N-distinct spinors with a particular focus on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and , an equal superposition of W and obverse W states. Along with a comparison of pairwise entanglement and monogamy properties, we explore the geometric information contained in them by constructing their canonical steering ellipsoids. We obtain the volume monogamy relations satisfied by states as a function of number of qubits and compare with the maximal monogamy property of GHZ states.
文摘The superiority of hypothetical quantum computers is not due to faster calculations but due to different scheme of calculations running on special hardware. At the same time, one should realize that quantum computers would only provide dramatic speedups for a few specific problems, for example, factoring integers and breaking cryptographic codes in the conventional quantum computing approach. The core of quantum computing follows the way a state of a quantum system is defined when basic things interact with each other. In the conventional approach, it is implemented through the tensor product of qubits. In the suggested geometric algebra formalism simultaneous availability of all the results for non-measured observables is based on the definition of states as points on a three-dimensional sphere, which is very different from the usual Hilbert space scheme.
文摘Quantum communication is a groundbreaking technology that is driving the future of information transmission and communication technologies to a new paradigm.It relies on quantum entanglement to facilitate the transmission of quantum states between parties.Quantum repeaters are crucial for facilitating long-distance quantum communication.These quantum devices act as intermediaries between adjacent communication channel segments within a fragmented quantum network,allowing for entanglement swapping between the channel segments.This entanglement swapping process establishes entanglement links between the endpoints of adjacent segments,gradually creating a continuous entanglement connection over the entire length of the transmission channel.The established quantum link can be utilized for secure and efficient quantum communication between distant sender and receiver nodes.This study focuses on quantum entanglement purification,a protocol aimed at maintaining high fidelity entangled states above the operational threshold of the communication channel.This study investigates the optimal stage for executing the purification protocol and applies optimization schemes to evaluate various purification protocols.We use IBM Qiskit for circuit implementation and simulation.The results offer valuable insights into future approaches to implementing practical quantum repeaters and shed light on existing and anticipated challenges.
文摘The present model deals with a protocol which involves the generation and conversion of entanglement from pathspin(P-S)hybrid entanglement associated with half-spin particle to spin-spin(S-S)interparticle entanglement.This protocol finds its applications in quantum information processing via a series of operations which include a beam splitter,spin flipper,spin measurement,classical channel,unitary transformations.Finally,it leads to two particles having completely entangled spin variables,without any requirement of any simultaneous operation on the two particles.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12175001 and 12075001)the Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Anhui Province,China (Grant No.KJ2016SD49)。
文摘Entanglement and coherence are two important resources in quantum information theory. A question naturally arises:Is there some connection between them? We prove that the entanglement of formation and the first-order coherence of twoqubit states satisfy an inequality relation. Two-qubit pure state reaches the upper bound of this inequality. A large number of randomly generated states are used to intuitively verify the complementarity between the entanglement of formation and the first-order coherence. We give the maximum accessible coherence of two-qubit states. Our research results will provide a reliable theoretical basis for conversion of the two quantum resources.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2022YFB3103802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.62371240 and 61802175)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.30923011014)。
文摘Entanglement-assisted quantum error correction codes(EAQECCs)play an important role in quantum communications with noise.Such a scheme can use arbitrary classical linear code to transmit qubits over noisy quantum channels by consuming some ebits between the sender(Alice)and the receiver(Bob).It is usually assumed that the preshared ebits of Bob are error free.However,noise on these ebits is unavoidable in many cases.In this work,we evaluate the performance of EAQECCs with noisy ebits over asymmetric quantum channels and quantum channels with memory by computing the exact entanglement fidelity of several EAQECCs.We consider asymmetric errors in both qubits and ebits and show that the performance of EAQECCs in entanglement fidelity gets improved for qubits and ebits over asymmetric channels.In quantum memory channels,we compute the entanglement fidelity of several EAQECCs over Markovian quantum memory channels and show that the performance of EAQECCs is lowered down by the channel memory.Furthermore,we show that the performance of EAQECCs is diverse when the error probabilities of qubits and ebits are different.In both asymmetric and memory quantum channels,we show that the performance of EAQECCs is improved largely when the error probability of ebits is reasonably smaller than that of qubits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62003280,61976120)Chongqing Talents:Exceptional Young Talents Project(cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0070)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(2022NSCQ-MSX2993)Natural Science Key Foundation of Jiangsu Education Department(21KJA510004)Chongqing Overseas Scholars Innovation Program(cx2022024)。
文摘Fidelity plays an important role in quantum information processing,which provides a basic scale for comparing two quantum states.At present,one of the most commonly used fidelities is Uhlmann-Jozsa(U-J)fidelity.However,U-J fidelity needs to calculate the square root of the matrix,which is not trivial in the case of large or infinite density matrices.Moreover,U-J fidelity is a measure of overlap,which has limitations in some cases and cannot reflect the similarity between quantum states well.Therefore,a novel quantum fidelity measure called quantum Tanimoto coefficient(QTC)fidelity is proposed in this paper.Unlike other existing fidelities,QTC fidelity not only considers the overlap between quantum states,but also takes into account the separation between quantum states for the first time,which leads to a better performance of measure.Specifically,we discuss the properties of the proposed QTC fidelity.QTC fidelity is compared with some existing fidelities through specific examples,which reflects the effectiveness and advantages of QTC fidelity.In addition,based on the QTC fidelity,three discrimination coefficients d_(1)^(QTC),d_(2)^(QTC),and d_^(3)^(QTC)are defined to measure the difference between quantum states.It is proved that the discrimination coefficient d_(3)^(QTC)is a true metric.Finally,we apply the proposed QTC fidelity-based discrimination coefficients to measure the entanglement of quantum states to show their practicability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12075159 and 12171044)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.Z190005)the Academician Innovation Platform of Hainan Province。
文摘Monogamy and polygamy relations are important properties of entanglement,which characterize the entanglement distribution of multipartite systems.We explore monogamy and polygamy relations of entanglement in multipartite systems by using two newly derived parameterized mathematical inequalities,and establish classes of parameterized monogamy and polygamy relations of multiqubit entanglement in terms of concurrence and entanglement of formation.We show that these new parameterized monogamy and poelygamy inequalities are tighter than the existing ones by detailed examples.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11147110)the Natural Science Youth Foundation of Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2011021003)。
文摘Exploring the role of entanglement in quantum nonequilibrium dynamics is important to understand the mechanism of thermalization in an isolated system. We study the relaxation dynamics in a one-dimensional extended Bose–Hubbard model after a global interaction quench by considering several observables: the local Boson numbers, the nonlocal entanglement entropy, and the momentum distribution functions. We calculate the thermalization fidelity for different quench parameters and different sizes of subsystems, and the results show that the degree of thermalization is affected by the distance from the integrable point and the size of the subsystem. We employ the Pearson coefficient as the measurement of the correlation between the entanglement entropy and thermalization fidelity, and a strong correlation is demonstrated for the quenched system.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11675090)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Provincie,China(Grant No.ZR2022MA041)。
文摘We study the relationship between quench dynamics of entanglement and quantum phase transition in the antiferromagnetic Ising model with the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya(DM)interaction by using the quantum renormalization-group method and the definition of negativity.Two types of quench protocols(i)adding the DM interaction suddenly and(ii)rotating the spins around x axis are considered to drive the dynamics of the system,respectively.By comparing the behaviors of entanglement in both types of quench protocols,the effects of quench on dynamics of entanglement are studied.It is found that there is the same characteristic time at which the negativity firstly reaches its maximum although the system shows different dynamical behaviors.Especially,the characteristic time can accurately reflect the quantum phase transition from antiferromagnetic to saturated chiral phases in the system.In addition,the correlation length exponent can be obtained by exploring the nonanalytic and scaling behaviors of the derivative of the characteristic time.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12175014 and 92265115)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1404900)+1 种基金supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation,project numbers 447948357 and 440958198)the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion(Project M-0294)。
文摘Quantifying entanglement in quantum systems is an important yet challenging task due to its NP-hard nature.In this work,we propose an efficient algorithm for evaluating distance-based entanglement measures.Our approach builds on Gilbert's algorithm for convex optimization,providing a reliable upper bound on the entanglement of a given arbitrary state.We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm by applying it to various examples,such as calculating the squared Bures metric of entanglement as well as the relative entropy of entanglement for GHZ states,W states,Horodecki states,and chessboard states.These results demonstrate that our algorithm is a versatile and accurate tool that can quickly provide reliable upper bounds for entanglement measures.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(Grant No.2021J01574).
文摘We study the quantum phase transition and entanglement in the Jaynes-Cummings model with squeezed light,utilize a special transformation method to obtain the analytical ground state of the model within the near-resonance regime,and numerically verify the validity of the analytical ground state.It is found that the ground state exhibits a first-order quantum phase transition at the critical point linearly induced by squeezed light,and the ground state entanglement reaches its maximum when the qubit-field coupling strength is large enough at the critical point.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12175147,11847209,and 11675113)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(Grant No.KZ201810028042)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.Z190005).
文摘Monogamy and polygamy relations characterize the distributions of entanglement in multipartite systems.We provide a characterization of multiqubit entanglement constraints in terms of unified-(q,s)entropy.A class of tighter monogamy inequalities of multiqubit entanglement based on theα-th power of unified-(q,s)entanglement forα≥1 and a class of polygamy inequalities in terms of theβ-th power of unified-(q,s)entanglement of assistance are established in this paper.Our results present a general class of the monogamy and polygamy relations for bipartite entanglement measures based on unified-(q,s)entropy,which are tighter than the existing ones.What is more,some usual monogamy and polygamy relations,such as monogamy and polygamy relations based on entanglement of formation,Renyi-q entanglement of assistance and Tsallis-q entanglement of assistance,can be obtained from these results by choosing appropriate parameters(q,s)in unified-(q,s)entropy entanglement.Typical examples are also presented for illustration.
基金Project supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province of China (Grant No. 2018B030326001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11874065)+2 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory (Grant No. 2019B121203002)the Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (Grant No. KYTDPT20181011104202253)the Shenzhen Hong Kong Cooperation Zone for Technology and Innovation of China (Grant No. HZQB-KCZYB2020050)。
文摘Quantum entanglement, a key resource in quantum information processing, is reduced by interaction between the quantum system concerned and its unavoidable noisy environment. Therefore it is of particular importance to study the dynamical properties of entanglement in open quantum systems. In this work, we mainly focus on two qubits coupled to an adjustable environment, namely a semi-infinite transmission line. The two qubits' relaxations, through individual channels or collective channel or both, can be adjusted by the qubits' transition frequencies. We examine entanglement dynamics in this model system with initial Werner state, and show that the phenomena of entanglement sudden death and revival can be observed. Due to the hardness of preparing the Werner state experimentally, we introduce a new type of entangled state called pseudo-Werner state, which preserves as much entangling property as the Werner state, and more importantly,it is experiment friendly. Furthermore, we provide detailed procedures for generating pseudo-Werner state and studying entanglement dynamics with it, which can be straightforwardly implemented in a superconducting waveguide quantum electrodynamics system.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61974168)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0305200)the Special Project for Research and Development in Key Areas of Guangdong Province of China (Grant No. 2018B030325001)。
文摘Qudits with a large Hilbert space to host quantum information are widely utilized in various applications, such as quantum simulation and quantum computation, but the manipulation and scalability of qudits still face challenges. Here, we propose a scheme to directly and locally transfer quantum information from multiple atomic qubits to a single qudit and vice versa in an optical cavity. With the qubit–qudit interaction induced by the cavity, our scheme can transfer quantum states efficiently and measurement-independently. In addition, this scheme can robustly generate a high-dimensional maximal entangled state with asymmetric particle numbers, showing its potential in realizing an entanglement channel. Such an information interface for qubits and qudit may have enlightening significance for future research on quantum systems in hybrid dimensions.