The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone.It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity.The overexploitation of groundwater in th...The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone.It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity.The overexploitation of groundwater in the Luanhe River Delta in recent years has caused the continuous drop of groundwater level and serious environmental and geological problems.This study systematically analyzes the evolution characteristics of the population,economy,and groundwater exploitation in the Luanhe River Delta and summarizes the change patterns of the groundwater flow regime in different aquifers in the Luanhe River Delta according to previous water resource assessment data as well as the latest groundwater survey results.Through comparison of major source/sink terms and groundwater resources,the study reveals the impacts of human activities on the groundwater resources and ecological environment in the study area over the past 30 years from 1990 to 2020.The results are as follows.The average annual drop rate of shallow groundwater and the deep groundwater in the centers of depression cones is 0.4 m and 1.64 m,respectively in the Luanhe River Delta in the past 30 years.The depression cones of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area cover an area of 545.32 km^(2)and 548.79 km^(2),respectively,accounting for more than 10%of the total area of the Luanhe River Delta.Overexploitation of groundwater has further aggravated land subsidence.As a result,two large-scale subsidence centers have formed,with a maximum subsidence rate of up to 120 mm/a.The drop of groundwater level has induced some ecological problems in the Luanhe River Delta area,such as the zero flow and water quality deterioration of rivers and continuous shrinkage of natural wetlands and water.Meanwhile,the proportion of natural wetland area to the total wetland area has been decreased from 99%to 8%and the water area from 1776 km^(2)to 263 km^(2).These results will provide data for groundwater overexploitation control,land subsidence prevention,and ecological restoration in plains and provide services for water resources management and national land space planning.展开更多
The fresh groundwater in the Loess Plateau serves as a major source of water required for the production and livelihood of local residents and is greatly significant for regional economic and social development and ec...The fresh groundwater in the Loess Plateau serves as a major source of water required for the production and livelihood of local residents and is greatly significant for regional economic and social development and ecological protection.This paper analyzes the hydrogeological conditions and groundwater characteristics in the Loess Plateau,expatiates on the types and distribution characteristics of the fresh groundwater in the plateau,and analyzes the influencing factors and mechanisms in the formation of the fresh groundwater in the plateau as a priority.Based on this,it summarizes the impacts of human activities and climatic change on the regional fresh groundwater.The groundwater in Loess Plateau features uneven temporal-spatial distribution,with the distribution space of the fresh groundwater closely relating to precipitation.The groundwater shows a distinct zoning pattern of hydrochemical types.It is fresh water in shallow parts and is salt water in deep parts overall,while the fresh water of exploration value is distributed only in a small range.The storage space and migration pathways of fresh groundwater in the loess area feature dual voids,vertical multilayers,variable structure,poor renewability,complex recharge processes,and distinct spatial differences.In general,the total dissolved solids(TDS)of the same type of groundwater tends to gradually increase from recharge areas to discharge areas.Conditions favorable for the formation of fresh groundwater in loess tablelands include the low content of soluble salts in strata,weak evaporation,and special hydrodynamic conditions.Owing to climate change and human activities,the resource quantity of regional fresh water tends to decrease overall,and the groundwater dynamic field and the recharge-discharge relationships between groundwater and surface water have changed in local areas.Human activities have a small impact on the water quality but slightly affect the water quantity of the groundwater in loess.展开更多
在当前全球气候变化背景下,中科院战略性先导科技专项"应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题"之"影响与适应任务群"主要以全新世大暖期为"相似型",研究全球平均增温约1°C—2°C情形下的我国环境...在当前全球气候变化背景下,中科院战略性先导科技专项"应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题"之"影响与适应任务群"主要以全新世大暖期为"相似型",研究全球平均增温约1°C—2°C情形下的我国环境格局及其对陆地生态系统的可能影响,为人类适应提供自然背景及参照;探讨过去不同气候环境背景下人类的适应方式,揭示人类适应气候变化的规律和模式,为未来人类如何适应气候变化提供启示。通过近5年的工作,在自然背景研究方面,揭示出目前的全球增温有自然变暖的周期背景,且不同尺度的增温总体有利于我国季风区降水增加,导致森林面积扩大,我国北方沙漠区收缩,陆地生态系统碳储量增加。在人类起源与适应研究方面,获得了东亚地区现代人起源和迁徙的新证据,揭示出过去的气候变暖促进了农作物的栽培与驯化。8 ka BP—6 ka BP,稻作和旱作农业在空间上显著扩展,农业技术的进步促使史前人类在青藏高原大规模定居。一般情况下,过去寒冷的气候条件限制了人口发展,而相对暖湿的气候有利于人口的增加和文化的发展。研究同时显示,近70年来我国海岸带陆地面积由于人类活动加剧而增加近14 200 km^2。未来工作应加强高分辨率气候变化历史的定量重建,加强气候-环境-人类活动相互作用的机制等研究。展开更多
基金This research is jointly funded by the“Project of Hydrogeological survey of Luanhe River Basin”of China Geological Survey(No.DD20190338)General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41972196)+1 种基金Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41907149)China Postdoctoral Foundation(No.2018M631732).
文摘The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone.It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity.The overexploitation of groundwater in the Luanhe River Delta in recent years has caused the continuous drop of groundwater level and serious environmental and geological problems.This study systematically analyzes the evolution characteristics of the population,economy,and groundwater exploitation in the Luanhe River Delta and summarizes the change patterns of the groundwater flow regime in different aquifers in the Luanhe River Delta according to previous water resource assessment data as well as the latest groundwater survey results.Through comparison of major source/sink terms and groundwater resources,the study reveals the impacts of human activities on the groundwater resources and ecological environment in the study area over the past 30 years from 1990 to 2020.The results are as follows.The average annual drop rate of shallow groundwater and the deep groundwater in the centers of depression cones is 0.4 m and 1.64 m,respectively in the Luanhe River Delta in the past 30 years.The depression cones of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area cover an area of 545.32 km^(2)and 548.79 km^(2),respectively,accounting for more than 10%of the total area of the Luanhe River Delta.Overexploitation of groundwater has further aggravated land subsidence.As a result,two large-scale subsidence centers have formed,with a maximum subsidence rate of up to 120 mm/a.The drop of groundwater level has induced some ecological problems in the Luanhe River Delta area,such as the zero flow and water quality deterioration of rivers and continuous shrinkage of natural wetlands and water.Meanwhile,the proportion of natural wetland area to the total wetland area has been decreased from 99%to 8%and the water area from 1776 km^(2)to 263 km^(2).These results will provide data for groundwater overexploitation control,land subsidence prevention,and ecological restoration in plains and provide services for water resources management and national land space planning.
基金This work was funded by the project of China Geological Survey(DD20190333,DD20211563)the National Youth Science Foundation(41702280).
文摘The fresh groundwater in the Loess Plateau serves as a major source of water required for the production and livelihood of local residents and is greatly significant for regional economic and social development and ecological protection.This paper analyzes the hydrogeological conditions and groundwater characteristics in the Loess Plateau,expatiates on the types and distribution characteristics of the fresh groundwater in the plateau,and analyzes the influencing factors and mechanisms in the formation of the fresh groundwater in the plateau as a priority.Based on this,it summarizes the impacts of human activities and climatic change on the regional fresh groundwater.The groundwater in Loess Plateau features uneven temporal-spatial distribution,with the distribution space of the fresh groundwater closely relating to precipitation.The groundwater shows a distinct zoning pattern of hydrochemical types.It is fresh water in shallow parts and is salt water in deep parts overall,while the fresh water of exploration value is distributed only in a small range.The storage space and migration pathways of fresh groundwater in the loess area feature dual voids,vertical multilayers,variable structure,poor renewability,complex recharge processes,and distinct spatial differences.In general,the total dissolved solids(TDS)of the same type of groundwater tends to gradually increase from recharge areas to discharge areas.Conditions favorable for the formation of fresh groundwater in loess tablelands include the low content of soluble salts in strata,weak evaporation,and special hydrodynamic conditions.Owing to climate change and human activities,the resource quantity of regional fresh water tends to decrease overall,and the groundwater dynamic field and the recharge-discharge relationships between groundwater and surface water have changed in local areas.Human activities have a small impact on the water quality but slightly affect the water quantity of the groundwater in loess.
文摘在当前全球气候变化背景下,中科院战略性先导科技专项"应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题"之"影响与适应任务群"主要以全新世大暖期为"相似型",研究全球平均增温约1°C—2°C情形下的我国环境格局及其对陆地生态系统的可能影响,为人类适应提供自然背景及参照;探讨过去不同气候环境背景下人类的适应方式,揭示人类适应气候变化的规律和模式,为未来人类如何适应气候变化提供启示。通过近5年的工作,在自然背景研究方面,揭示出目前的全球增温有自然变暖的周期背景,且不同尺度的增温总体有利于我国季风区降水增加,导致森林面积扩大,我国北方沙漠区收缩,陆地生态系统碳储量增加。在人类起源与适应研究方面,获得了东亚地区现代人起源和迁徙的新证据,揭示出过去的气候变暖促进了农作物的栽培与驯化。8 ka BP—6 ka BP,稻作和旱作农业在空间上显著扩展,农业技术的进步促使史前人类在青藏高原大规模定居。一般情况下,过去寒冷的气候条件限制了人口发展,而相对暖湿的气候有利于人口的增加和文化的发展。研究同时显示,近70年来我国海岸带陆地面积由于人类活动加剧而增加近14 200 km^2。未来工作应加强高分辨率气候变化历史的定量重建,加强气候-环境-人类活动相互作用的机制等研究。
