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Recent Advances in the Rapid Detection and Performance Evaluation Methods of Detergent Additives for Gasoline
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作者 Zhi Wanwan Li Na +2 位作者 Zhu Zhongpeng Li Yan Guo Xin 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第2期165-176,共12页
Although detergent additives for gasoline have been widely commercialized,their formulas are often kept confidential and there is still no standardized method for quickly detecting the main active ingredients and eval... Although detergent additives for gasoline have been widely commercialized,their formulas are often kept confidential and there is still no standardized method for quickly detecting the main active ingredients and evaluating their effectiveness,which makes their regulation difficult.An overview of the current state of the development and application of detergent additives for gasoline in China and other regions,as well as a review of the rapid detection and performance evaluation methods available for analyzing detergent additives are given herein.The review focuses on the convenience,cost,efficiency,and feasibility of on-site detection and the evaluation of various methods,and also looks into future research directions,such as detecting and evaluating detergent additives in ethanol gasoline and with advanced engine technologies. 展开更多
关键词 GASOLINE detergent additives DEPOSITS rapid detection performance evaluation
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Study on the Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Mechanisms of Breast Lump Resolution Detergent in a Rat Model of Breast Hyperplasia
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作者 Chunying Huang Yun He +1 位作者 Di Ouyang Xuhui Zhao 《Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology》 2023年第7期1278-1286,共9页
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanisms of a breast lump resolution detergent in a rat model of breast hyperplasia. Methods: A rat model of breast hyperplasia was esta... Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanisms of a breast lump resolution detergent in a rat model of breast hyperplasia. Methods: A rat model of breast hyperplasia was established using injections of estradiol benzoate combined with progesterone. The effects of the breast lump resolution detergent on nipple height and diameter in the rat model were observed, along with its impact on serum levels of estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), and progesterone (P). Additionally, the study examined the morphological changes in breast tissue. The impact of the breast nodule detergent on blood rheology parameters was also observed. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of the breast nodule detergent was assessed using the cotton ball granuloma experiment, and the analgesic effect was observed using the writhing test. Results: The breast lump resolution detergent reduced nipple height and diameter in the rat model, decreased serum levels of E2, PRL, and P, and alleviated pathological changes in breast tissue. It also lowered hemorheological parameters including whole blood high, medium, and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, red blood cell hematocrit, red blood cell aggregation index, red blood cell deformability index, red blood cell electrophoresis time, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the acute “blood stasis” rat model. The detergent reduced the weight of cotton ball granulomas in mice and decreased the number of writhing episodes caused by acetic acid. Conclusion: The breast lump resolution detergent demonstrates favorable therapeutic effects in treating breast hyperplasia, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, exerting anti-inflammatory properties, and providing analgesic effects. The downregulation of serum E2 and PRL levels and the upregulation of P levels may be critical mechanisms underlying its efficacy. 展开更多
关键词 Breast Hyperplasia Breast Lump Resolution detergent Estradiol (E2) Prolactin (PRL) Progesterone (P) ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ANALGESIC
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Analysis of Toxicological Test Results of 580 Detergents
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作者 Li Guangxian Liang Junjie +3 位作者 Jiang yi Li min Pang Zengxiong Liu Xiangmei 《China Detergent & Cosmetics》 CAS 2023年第2期26-30,共5页
To evaluate the safety of detergents,the toxicological test results of 580 collected detergents were analyzed.The results showed that,in the acute oral toxicity test,94.4%and 5.6%of the samples were classified as non-... To evaluate the safety of detergents,the toxicological test results of 580 collected detergents were analyzed.The results showed that,in the acute oral toxicity test,94.4%and 5.6%of the samples were classified as non-toxic and toxic respectively.In skin irritation test,95.1%of the samples were mild irritation or below,and 4.9%were moderate irritation or above.In the vaginal mucosa irritation test,79.0%of the samples were very mild irritation or below,while 21.0%were mild irritation or above.In the acute inhalation toxicity test,the proportion of the samples classified as actually non-toxic and toxic were 87.9%and 12.1%respectively.In the eye irritation test,95.7%of the samples belonged to mild irritation or below,and 4.3%of the samples belonged to moderate irritation or above.The products at risk in category A,B and C products account for 6.3%,7.7%and 14.2%respectively.Of the 580 tested samples,90.9%were relatively safe,while 9.1%were at risk.These data showed that most of the tested samples meet the safety requirements for use. 展开更多
关键词 detergentS SAFETY toxicological test results analysis
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Application of Amino Acid-Based Surfactant in Dishwasher Detergent
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作者 Gao Chunfang Ren Jing Wang Ting 《China Detergent & Cosmetics》 2023年第1期60-68,共9页
The application of amino acid-based surfactant in dishwasher detergent was studied in this paper. The foam and oil-removing performance of amino acid surfactants in alkaline condition were test to discuss feasibility ... The application of amino acid-based surfactant in dishwasher detergent was studied in this paper. The foam and oil-removing performance of amino acid surfactants in alkaline condition were test to discuss feasibility of amino acid-based surfactant from natural origin as the alternative to traditional nonionic surfactants from petroleum origin in dishwasher detergent. Comparative study was conducted through using various amino acid-based surfactants and nonionic surfactants respectively, together with enzymes and peroxide to formulate dishwasher detergents, and their application properties such as foam performance and detergency were also evaluated when washing different tableware in automatic dishwasher. The results showed that among all tested amino acid surfactants, glutamate surfactants showed low foaming and high oil-removing ability in alkaline condition, and excellent decontamination ability in dishwashing tests. 展开更多
关键词 amino acid-based surfactant dishwasher detergent foam Interfacial tension oil-removing rate
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SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF NEW DETERGENT BUILDER POLYACRYLATE SODIUM 被引量:1
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作者 张卫红 龙复 +2 位作者 冯亚青 渠毅 王洪云 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 1998年第1期102-106,共5页
The low molecular weight polyacrylate sodium (PAA Na) detergent builder was synthesized with K 2S 2O 8 as initiator in a neutral aqueous medium. The influences of reaction conditions on the viscosity average molec... The low molecular weight polyacrylate sodium (PAA Na) detergent builder was synthesized with K 2S 2O 8 as initiator in a neutral aqueous medium. The influences of reaction conditions on the viscosity average molecular weight were studied. The critical value of synthetic PAA Na inhibiting the precipitation of CaCO 3 was determined and compared with that of other common builders. It is confirmed from SEM graphs that PAA Na can make CaCO 3 crystal defective. Washing tests show synthetic PAA Na can partially replace sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and is a potential polymeric detergent builder in low phosphate powder detergents. 展开更多
关键词 polyacrylate sodium low molecular weight detergent builder detergENCY
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Development of Surfactants and Builders in Detergent Formulations 被引量:22
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作者 于养信 赵瑾 Andrew E. Bayly 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2008年第4期517-527,共11页
Surfactants and builders are the two most important ingredients in laundry, household and personal-care cleaning products. They play a key role in washing processes. The development of various surfactants (e.g., anio... Surfactants and builders are the two most important ingredients in laundry, household and personal-care cleaning products. They play a key role in washing processes. The development of various surfactants (e.g., anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic, and silicone surfactants) and builders (inorganic, organic and polymeric builders)used in the detergent compositions are reviewed and their detergency performance and biodegradability are discussed. In the future, the development of the surfactants and builders used in detergent compositions should be based on economic and environmental considerations. The use of the eco-friendly surfactants and builders derived from inexpensive renewable resources (e.g., alkyl polyglucosides and bio-based polyesters) in detergent compositions is the developing trends in detergent industry. 展开更多
关键词 detergent SURFACTANT BUILDER detergency performance BIODEGRADABILITY
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Effects of Neutral Detergent Soluble Fiber and Sucrose Supplementation on Ruminal Fermentation, Microbial Synthesis, and Populations of Ruminal Cellulolytic Bacteria Using the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC) 被引量:4
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作者 ZHAO Xiang-hui LIU Chan-juan +1 位作者 LI Chao-yun YAO Jun-hu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第8期1471-1480,共10页
We evaluated the effects of neutral detergent soluble fiber (NDSF) and sucrose supplementation on ruminal fermentation, microbial synthesis, and populations of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria using the rumen simulatio... We evaluated the effects of neutral detergent soluble fiber (NDSF) and sucrose supplementation on ruminal fermentation, microbial synthesis, and populations of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). The experiment had a 2x2 factorial design with two dosages of sucrose, low (ca. 0.26 g d-1, low-sucrose) and high (ca. 1.01 g d-1, high-sucrose), and two dosages of supplied NDSF, low (1.95 g d-1, Iow-NDSF) and high (2.70 g d-1, high-NDSF). Interactions between NDSF and sucrose were detected for xylanase activity from solid fraction and apparent disappearance of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and hemicellulose, with the lowest values observed for high-NDSF and high-sucrose treatment. Supplemental NDSF appeared to increase the molar proportion of acetate and reduce that of butyrate; however, the effects of supplemental sucrose on VFA profiles depended upon NDSF amount. There was a NDSFxsucrose interaction for the production of methane. High-NDSF fermenters had lower ammonia-N production, greater daily N flow of solid- associated microbial pellets and total microorganisms, and greater microbial synthesis efficiency compared with low- NDSF fermenters. Supplementation with NDSF resulted in an increase in 16S rDNA copies of Ruminococcusflavefaciens and a reduction in copies of Ruminococcus albus. Supplementation with sucrose tended to increase the 16S rDNA copies ofR. albus from liquid fraction, but did not affect daily total microbial N flow and cellulolytic bacterium populations from solid fraction. These data indicate that the effects of the interaction between NDSF and sugars on ruminal fermentation and fiber digestion should be taken into account in diet formulation. Ruminal fermentation and metabolism of sugars warrant further investigation. 展开更多
关键词 neutral detergent soluble fiber SUCROSE ruminal fermentation RUSITEC
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Purification and characterization of the kinetic parameters of cellulase produced from wheat straw by Trichoderma viride under SSF and its detergent compatibility 被引量:9
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作者 Hafiz Muhammad Nasir Iqbal Ishtiaq Ahmed +1 位作者 Muhammad Anjum Zia Muhammad Irfan 《Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology》 2011年第3期149-156,共8页
This paper reports the purification and characterization of kinetic parameters of cellulase produced from Trichoderma viride under still culture solid state fermentation technique using cheap and an easily available a... This paper reports the purification and characterization of kinetic parameters of cellulase produced from Trichoderma viride under still culture solid state fermentation technique using cheap and an easily available agricultural waste material, wheat straw as growth supported substrate. Trichoderma viride was cultured in fermentation medium of wheat straw under some previously optimized growth conditions and maximum activity of 398±2.43U/mL obtained after stipulated fermentation time period. Cellulase was purified 2.33 fold with specific activity of 105U/mg in comparison to crude enzyme extract using ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and Sephadex-G-100 column chromatography. The enzyme was shown to have a relative low molecular weight of 58kDa by sodium dodecyl sulphate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme displayed 6.5 and 55oC as an optimum pH and temperature respectively. Using carboxymethyl cellulose as substrate, the enzyme showed maximum activity (Vmax) of 148U/mL with its corresponding KM value of 68μM. Among activators/inhibitors SDS, EDTA, and Hg2+ showed inhibitory effect on purified cellulase whereas, the enzyme activated by Co2+ and Mn2+ at a concentration of 1mM. The purified cellulase was compatible with four local detergent brands with up to 20 days of shelf life at room temperature suggesting its potential as a detergent additive for improved washing therefore, it is concluded that it may be potentially useful for industrial purposes especially for detergent and laundry industry. 展开更多
关键词 CELLULASE TRICHODERMA viride PURIFICATION SDS-PAGE Characterization detergent Compatibility
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Synthesis of Environmentally Friendly Magnesium Linoleate Detergent 被引量:2
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作者 Wang Yonglei Li Haiyun +2 位作者 Fang Hongxia Ni Zhifei Zhao Lele 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2014年第1期96-100,共5页
This paper mainly covers a method for preparing a highly alkaline magnesium linoleate solution with a total base number(TBN) value of 328 mg KOH/g using linoleic acid as the biodegradable raw material, which can subst... This paper mainly covers a method for preparing a highly alkaline magnesium linoleate solution with a total base number(TBN) value of 328 mg KOH/g using linoleic acid as the biodegradable raw material, which can substitute for traditional lubricant detergents as an environmentally friendly detergent. Reaction conditions, including the molar ratio of magnesium oxide to linoleic acid, the molar ratio of methanol to magnesium oxide, the carbonation temperature, the molar ratio of water to magnesium oxide, the flow rate of CO2 gas and the duration for injection of CO2 to magnesium oxide system, were optimized. 展开更多
关键词 lubricant detergent magnesium linoleate high total base number BIODEGRADATION
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Study on Novel HIGEE Technology for Synthesis of Overbased Petroleum Sulfonate Detergent 被引量:1
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作者 Luo Lailong1 Zhang Youlin1 +4 位作者 Bai Shengjun1 Qian Zheng1 Wu Wei2 Chu Guangwen2 (1 Petrochemical Research Institute of PetroChina Karamay Petrochemical Company, Karamay 834000 2 Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029) 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2006年第4期29-39,共11页
An innovative idea was proposed to prepare the overbased nano-sized calcium carbonate-calcium petroleum sulfonate in-situ the HIGEE reactor. The test sample prepared by this technology could meet the requirement of th... An innovative idea was proposed to prepare the overbased nano-sized calcium carbonate-calcium petroleum sulfonate in-situ the HIGEE reactor. The test sample prepared by this technology could meet the requirement of the industry standard SH0042-91 for the first-grade product on a par with similar overseas product. The test results obtained upon observation under microscope after freezing etching of specimen revealed that the crystal size of colloidal calcium sulfonate was in the range of 10-30 nm with an average size of 20 nm. The size of the detergent additive was uniform with good transmittance and fluidity. The HIGEE technology possesses five specific features as shown below: Firstly, the carbonation reaction is completed in one step with the reaction time reduced by more than 50% as compared to traditional batch reactor process along with enhanced reaction efficiency, good operability of the process and stabilized product quality. Secondly, ammonia emitted from the reaction is used as the co- promoter without the need for adding ammonia and water as promoters to simplify the promoter system along with effective and strong coupling of reactions. Thirdly, the utilization rate of Ca(OH)2 and CO2 is increased by 15% and 30%, respectively, with product yield increased by 15%, and calcium residue decreased by 65%. Fourthly, the HIGEE technology is environmental benign because of gasoline is used in this technology instead of toxic toluene and xylene. Fifthly, the dimension of HIGEE reactor is reduced by above two-thirds. The success in development of this new technology will offer new ideas and technology platform for the synthesis of metal detergent additive to lubricating oils in China. 展开更多
关键词 HIGEE CALCIUM SALT of petroleum SULFONATE detergent ADDITIVE CARBONATION
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Molecular Simulation of Competitive Adsorption on Fe(110)Between Gasoline Detergent and Deposit:I.Physical Adsorption 被引量:1
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作者 Li Na Long Jun +2 位作者 Zhao Yi Tao Zhiping Dai Zhenyu 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2017年第3期9-15,共7页
Using molecular dynamics simulations based on classical mechanic method, the mechanism of competitive adsorption between gasoline detergent and deposit on Fe(110) surface was investigated. The representative simulatio... Using molecular dynamics simulations based on classical mechanic method, the mechanism of competitive adsorption between gasoline detergent and deposit on Fe(110) surface was investigated. The representative simulation relating to the deposit molecule and the gasoline detergent molecule with high market share were selected as the model compound. It was found that when the detergent and deposit molecules exist at the same time, the detergent molecules would compete with the deposit molecules to reduce the adsorption of the deposit on Fe(110) so as to protect the metal surface. In addition, the ESP distribution is further confirmed that the detergent molecule has higher adsorption ability than the deposit molecule with the DFT theory. The essence of competitive adsorption is further revealed in detail, which is very important for the development of new type high-efficiency detergent additives. 展开更多
关键词 GASOLINE detergent DEPOSIT COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION MOLECULAR simulation
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Recent Advances in Colloidal Lubricant Detergents 被引量:3
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作者 Wang Yonglei Eli Wumanjiang 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2010年第4期7-12,共6页
Overbased lubricant detergents are important components in lubricating oil. Recently, a lot of papers about the synthesis mechanism, colloidal structure, acid neutralization and antifrictiorL properties of overbased d... Overbased lubricant detergents are important components in lubricating oil. Recently, a lot of papers about the synthesis mechanism, colloidal structure, acid neutralization and antifrictiorL properties of overbased detergents have been published with the development of experimental techniques, which can help us better understand the process of preparation and application of overbased detergents and propound new strategies for improving various performances of overbased detergents. In the future, the synthesis of environmentally friendly and multi-functional lubricant detergent using biodegradable vegetable oil instead of mineral oil as raw materials will be a primary objective for the colloidal lubricant detergent industry.This paper mainly presents the latest advances in the investigation of colloidal lubricant detergents. 展开更多
关键词 overbased detergents lubricant additives acid neutralization ANTIFRICTION BIODEGRADABLE
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Synthesis of Environmentally Friendly Multifunctional Metal (Calcium,Magnesium) Oleate Detergent with Antioxidation Property 被引量:4
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作者 Wang Yonglei Mamat Xamxikamar Eli Wumanjiang 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2011年第3期64-68,共5页
This article covers a method for synthesizing environmentally friendly multifunctional metal (calcium,magnesium) oleate detergents with antioxidation property.These multifunctional metal (calcium,magnesium) oleate det... This article covers a method for synthesizing environmentally friendly multifunctional metal (calcium,magnesium) oleate detergents with antioxidation property.These multifunctional metal (calcium,magnesium) oleate detergents with antioxidation property were synthesized using oil-soluble liquid antioxidants (PPIBP,PPIBTSTBP,and PPIBPDA) as reactive functional materials.These oil-soluble liquid antioxidants have the potential to be used as functional materials for application in synthesizing other kinds of substrate detergents. 展开更多
关键词 OIL-SOLUBLE liquid antioxidant calcium oleate magnesium oleate multifimctional detergent
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The effect of detergent as polluting agent on the photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content in bean leaves 被引量:1
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作者 Branislav R. Jovanic Srdjan Bojovic +2 位作者 Bratimir Panic Bozidar Radenkovic Marijana Despotovic 《Health》 2010年第5期395-399,共5页
The paper investigates effects of detergent for domestic use on the photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content in intact bean leaves. The plants were watered for 21 days with a solution of domestic washing powder... The paper investigates effects of detergent for domestic use on the photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content in intact bean leaves. The plants were watered for 21 days with a solution of domestic washing powder of 0.60 g r/l. It was established that the activity of photosynthetic apparatus in the plant leaf PhACNorm [%] decreases exponentially with the length of plant treatment/watering. At the end of the treatment (21st day) the activity of photosynthetic apparatus in the dosed plant leaf was no more than 45% of that in control plant (those which were not watered with detergent solution). With increased plant treatment duration the changed chlorophyll concentration ΔChlNorm [%] rose non-linearly in plant leaves. The highest change ΔChlNorm [%] was observed on the 21st day and amounted to 12%. 展开更多
关键词 CHLOROPHYLL detergent Plant PHOTOSYNTHESIS Pollution Water
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Preparation of human decellularized peripheral nerve allograft using amphoteric detergent and nuclease 被引量:2
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作者 Joo-Yul Bae Suk Young Park +2 位作者 Young Ho Shin Shin Woo Choi Jae Kwang Kim 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第9期1890-1896,共7页
Animal studies have shown that amphoteric detergent and nuclease(DNase I and ribonuclease A) is the most reliable decellularization method of the peripheral nerve. However, the optimal combination of chemical reagents... Animal studies have shown that amphoteric detergent and nuclease(DNase I and ribonuclease A) is the most reliable decellularization method of the peripheral nerve. However, the optimal combination of chemical reagents for decellularization of human nerve allograft needs further investigation. To find the optimal protocol to remove the immunogenic cellular components of the nerve tissue and preserve the basal lamina and extracellular matrix and whether the optimal protocol can be applied to larger-diameter human peripheral nerves, in this study, we decellularized the median and sural nerves from the cadavers with two different methods: nonionic and anionic detergents(Triton X-100 and sodium deoxycholate) and amphoteric detergent and nuclease(3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate(CHAPS), deoxyribonuclease I, and ribonuclease A). All cellular components were successfully removed from the median and sural nerves by amphoteric detergent and nuclease. Not all cellular components were removed from the median nerve by nonionic and anionic detergent. Both median and sural nerves treated with amphoteric detergent and nuclease maintained a completely intact extracellular matrix. Treatment with nonionic and anionic detergent decreased collagen content in both median and sural nerves, while the amphoteric detergent and nuclease treatment did not reduce collagen content. In addition, a contact cytotoxicity assay revealed that the nerves decellularized by amphoteric detergent and nuclease was biocompatible. Strength failure testing demonstrated that the biomechanical properties of nerves decellularized with amphoteric detergent and nuclease were comparable to those of fresh controls. Decellularization with amphoteric detergent and nuclease better remove cellular components and better preserve extracellular matrix than decellularization with nonionic and anionic detergents, even in large-diameter human peripheral nerves. In Korea, cadaveric studies are not yet legally subject to Institutional Review Board review. 展开更多
关键词 median nerve sural nerve NUCLEASE detergent human decellularized nerve graft
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Results of gastroscope bacterial decontamination by enzymatic detergent compared to chlorhexidine 被引量:1
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作者 Rungsun Rerknimitr Sorapat Eakthunyasakul +1 位作者 Pongpan Nunthapisud Pradermchai Kongkam 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第26期4199-4202,共4页
AIM: To compare the efficacy of enzymatic detergent with chlorhexidine for gastroscope bacterial decontamination. METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of these 2 ... AIM: To compare the efficacy of enzymatic detergent with chlorhexidine for gastroscope bacterial decontamination. METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of these 2 agents to achieve high level disinfection in a gastroscope. A total of 260 samples were collected from 5 different gastroscopes. Manual cleaning was done for 10 min with these 2 agents separately (n = 130 each). Then all specimens underwent 2% glutaraldehyde soaking for 20 min. After 70% alcohol was rinsed, sterile normal saline was flushed into each gastroscope channel and 40 mL of sample was collected. The sample was sent for aerobic bacterial culture after membrane was filtered. A colony count greater than 200 cfu/mL was considered significant. RESULTS: The positive culture rate was 4.6% in the enzymatic detergent arm and 3.1% in the chlorhexidine arm. Pseudomonas species were the main organism detected from both groups (60%). Multiple organisms were found from 4 specimens (enzymatic detergent arm = 1, chlorhexidine arm = 3). CONCLUSION: The contamination rate of both types of cleaning solution is equivalent. 展开更多
关键词 Enzymatic detergent GASTROSCOPE Bacteria decontamination
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Preparation and Investigation of High-Efficiency Antibacterial Liquid Dishwashing Detergent
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作者 Mingxue Dai Jintang Guo +1 位作者 Xuexue Xue Yakai Feng 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2019年第4期322-329,共8页
A high-effi ciency liquid dishwashing detergent was prepared by using oregano essential oil as an antibacterial agent. The surface cleaning and antibacterial property of the detergent resolved its unifunctionality pro... A high-effi ciency liquid dishwashing detergent was prepared by using oregano essential oil as an antibacterial agent. The surface cleaning and antibacterial property of the detergent resolved its unifunctionality problem. The antibacterial activities of the detergent were demonstrated through a disk diff usion assay and wipe experiments with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Results showed that the prepared detergent was highly eff ective against E. coli and S. aureus . The results of chemical accelerated tests indicated that the detergent would be eff ective for at least 1 year. The antibacterial property and detergency performance of the high-effi ciency antibacterial liquid dishwashing detergent were compared with those of a commercial antibacterial detergent containing 0.02% o -phenylphenol. The detergency performance of the high-effi ciency detergent reached 97.8% and was superior to that of the commercial antibacterial detergent. 展开更多
关键词 Oregano ESSENTIAL OIL Dishwashing detergent ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTY detergENCY performance
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Formation of graphene oxide from carbon rods of zinc-carbon battery wastes by audiosonic sonication assisted by commercial detergent
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作者 Wipsar Sunu Brams Dwandaru Lia Desi Parwati Rhyko Irawan Wisnuwijaya 《Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering》 EI CAS CSCD 2019年第2期89-94,共6页
This study aims to determine the effect of audiosonic sonication in normal modes on the formation of graphene oxide(GO)fromcarbon rods of zinc-carbon(ZnC)battery wastes.The method used in this study was sonication wit... This study aims to determine the effect of audiosonic sonication in normal modes on the formation of graphene oxide(GO)fromcarbon rods of zinc-carbon(ZnC)battery wastes.The method used in this study was sonication with an audiosonic frequency in normal modes,assisted by a surfactant solution derived from a commercial detergent.A graphite-detergent solutionwas exposed to audiosonicwaves using a frequency of 170 Hz for 3 hwith a pattern on the surface of the solution.The graphite solution was a mixture of 0.8 g of graphite powder and 100 ml of distilled water that was mixed using a blender for 2 min.25 ml of the solution was then taken and dripped with two drops of detergent solution containing 0.2 g detergent powder dissolved into 100 ml distilled water,so that a graphite-detergent solutionwas obtained.The tools used in this study included UV–Visible spectroscopy(UV–Vis),Fourier TransformInfraRed spectroscopy(FTIR),and a Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).The solution that was audiosonicated showed a strong visible nodal pattern on its surface.The UV–Vis spectroscopy produced absorbance peaks at wavelengths of 225 nmand 270 nm,and the FTIR indicated the presence of OH and C_C functional groups,which suggested the existence of GO.The SEMimages showed GO in the formof coral-like materials. 展开更多
关键词 Audiosonic sonication COMMERCIAL detergent Graphene oxide ZnC BATTERY
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Review of Regulations Related to Detergents for Auto-dishwasher 被引量:1
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作者 Zhang Liping Li Huanyuan +2 位作者 Shen Bingbing Zhou Wenjie Zhang Longqiu 《China Detergent & Cosmetics》 2020年第1期51-56,共6页
This paper summarized the regulations related to dishwasher detergents from four perspectives:cleaning performance,rinsing performance,energy and water consumption during usage,environmental and biological safety.Fina... This paper summarized the regulations related to dishwasher detergents from four perspectives:cleaning performance,rinsing performance,energy and water consumption during usage,environmental and biological safety.Finally,the trend of detergents for auto-dishwasher has been summarized. 展开更多
关键词 REGULATIONS dishwasher detergents development trend
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Overbased Calcium Sulfonate Detergent Technology Overview 被引量:1
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作者 MA Qing -gao MUIR Ronald J. 《润滑油》 CAS 2009年第2期41-45,49,共6页
Overbased calcium sulfonate is used widely as detergent in automotive and marine lubricants,as well as various industrial oil applications.In this paper,the process to produce overbased calcium sulfonate is overviewed... Overbased calcium sulfonate is used widely as detergent in automotive and marine lubricants,as well as various industrial oil applications.In this paper,the process to produce overbased calcium sulfonate is overviewed.The sulfonate structure and molecular weight and its molecular weight distribution,the enclosed calcium carbonate nanoparticle size and crystalline structure,properties of the carrier oil,all influence its properties,such as stability,viscosity,and detergency of the system. 展开更多
关键词 硫酸钙 清洁剂 钙磺酸盐 化学结构 润滑油
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