Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological disorder.Studies regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of epilepsy.The ...Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological disorder.Studies regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of epilepsy.The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota composition.Satisfactory results are lacking for conventional treatments for epilepsy.Surgical resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with epilepsy.Non-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research focus.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of epilepsy.It also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation.Numerous studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic seizures.Additionally,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being explored.However,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.展开更多
Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with epilepsy.Reasons for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly understood.Aim We aimed to triangulate the relationship betw...Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with epilepsy.Reasons for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly understood.Aim We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these conditions.Methods Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy.We then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression.Finally,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian randomisation.Results In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions.For example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,p<0.001)—a correlation that was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,p<0.001).Findings from Mendelian randomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric conditions.Conclusions Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with epilepsy.Genetic correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric conditions.These findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy.展开更多
Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic brain disorder that is characterized by a persistent predisposition to recurrently generate epileptic seizures and is often associated with cognitive and psychological consequences.Epil...Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic brain disorder that is characterized by a persistent predisposition to recurrently generate epileptic seizures and is often associated with cognitive and psychological consequences.Epilepsy affects approximately 65 million individuals,including both males and females of all ages worldwide,and poses a significant burden on patients,their families,and the health system(Vezzani et al.,2019).展开更多
BACKGROUND Post-stroke epilepsy is a common and easily overlooked complication of acute cerebrovascular disease.Long-term seizures can seriously affect the prognosis and quality of life of patients.Electroencephalogra...BACKGROUND Post-stroke epilepsy is a common and easily overlooked complication of acute cerebrovascular disease.Long-term seizures can seriously affect the prognosis and quality of life of patients.Electroencephalogram(EEG)is the simplest way to diagnose epilepsy,and plays an important role in predicting seizures and guiding medication.AIM To explore the EEG characteristics of patients with post-stroke epilepsy and improve the detection rate of inter-seizure epileptiform discharges.METHODS From January 2017 to June 2020,10 patients with post-stroke epilepsy in our hospital were included.The clinical,imaging,and EEG characteristics were collected.The stroke location,seizure type,and ictal and interictal EEG manifestations of the patients with post-stroke epilepsy were then retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS In all 10 patients,epileptiform waves occurred in the side opposite to the stroke lesion during the interictal stage;these manifested as sharp wave,sharp-wave complex,or spike discharges in the anterior head lead of the side opposite to the lesion.CONCLUSION In EEG,epileptiform waves can occur in the side opposite to the stroke lesion in patients with post-stroke epilepsy.展开更多
Partial epilepsies, originating in a specific brain region, affect about 60% of adults with epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent subtype within this category, often necessitating surgical inter...Partial epilepsies, originating in a specific brain region, affect about 60% of adults with epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent subtype within this category, often necessitating surgical intervention due to its refractoriness to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Hippocampal sclerosis, a common underlying pathology, often exacerbates the severity by introducing cognitive and emotional challenges. This review delves deeper into the cognitive profile of TLE, along with the risk factors for cognitive disorders, depression, and anxiety in this population.展开更多
BACKGROUND Epilepsy and depression have complicated bidirectional relationships.Our study aimed to explore the field of epilepsy comorbid with depression in a bibliometric perspective from 2014-2023.AIM To improve our...BACKGROUND Epilepsy and depression have complicated bidirectional relationships.Our study aimed to explore the field of epilepsy comorbid with depression in a bibliometric perspective from 2014-2023.AIM To improve our understanding of epilepsy and depression by evaluating the relationship between epilepsy and depression,bibliometric analyses were performed.METHODS Epilepsy and depression-related publications from the last decade were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection.We conducted bibliometric and visual analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace,examining authorships,countries,institutions,journals of publication,co-citations of references,connections between keywords,clusters of keywords,and keywords with citation bursts.RESULTS Over the past ten years,we collected 1045 research papers focusing on the field of epilepsy and comorbid depression.Publications on epilepsy and depression have shown a general upward trend over time,though with some fluctuations.The United States,with 287 articles,and the University of Melbourne,contributing 34 articles,were the top countries and institutions,respectively.In addition,in the field of epilepsy and depression,Professor Lee,who has published 30 articles,was the most contributing author.The hot topics pay attention to the quality of life in patients with epilepsy and depression.CONCLUSION We reported that quality of life and stigma in patients with epilepsy comorbid with depression are possible future hot topics and directions in the field of epilepsy and depression research.展开更多
目的:探讨UGT1A6 A541G、A552C基因多态对丙戊酸钠血药浓度的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CNKI、万方数据库,检索年限从建库至2024年4月,收集UGT1A6基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度文献,提取数据与...目的:探讨UGT1A6 A541G、A552C基因多态对丙戊酸钠血药浓度的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CNKI、万方数据库,检索年限从建库至2024年4月,收集UGT1A6基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度文献,提取数据与质量评价,采用Revman5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入文献11篇,999例癫痫患者。Meta分析结果显示,在UGT1A6 A541G基因中,除AG vs GG[MD=0.16,95%CI(-0.39,0.70),P=0.50]外,AA vs AG[MD=0.53,95%CI(0.32,0.75),P<0.00001],AA vs GG[MD=0.67,95%CI(0.10,1.23),P=0.02],AA vs AG+GG[MD=0.61,95%CI(0.45,0.76)P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AG型或/和GG型。在UGT1A6 A552C中,除AC vs CC[MD=0.21,95%CI(-0.31,0.74),P=0.43]外,AA vs AC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs CC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs AC+CC[MD=1.58,95%CI(1.07,2.10),P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明UGT1A6 A552C AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AC型或/和CC型。结论:癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G和A552C基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度具有相关性,且基因突变可能导致丙戊酸钠血药浓度降低。展开更多
Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disease that causes recurrent seizures. The brain damage caused by seizures can lead to depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, or disability. In almost all cases chron...Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disease that causes recurrent seizures. The brain damage caused by seizures can lead to depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, or disability. In almost all cases chronic seizures are difficult to cure. MicroRNAs are widely expressed in the central nervous system and play important roles in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders, including epilepsy. A variety of animals(mostly mice and rats) have been used to induce experimental epilepsy using different protocols and miRNA profiling performed. Most of the recent studies reviewed had performed miRNA profiling in hippocampal tissues and a large number of microRNAs were dysregulated when compared to controls. Most notably, miR-132-3p,-146a-5p,-10a-5p,-21a-3p,-27a-3p,-142a-5p,-212-3p,-431-5p, and-155 were upregulated in both the mouse and rat studies. Overexpression of miR-137 and miR-219 decreased seizure severity in a mouse epileptic model, and suppression of miR-451,-10a-5p,-21a-5p,-27a-5p,-142a-5p,-431-5p,-155, and-134 had a positive influence on seizure behavior. In the rat studies, overexpression of miR-139-5p decreased neuronal damage in drug-resistant rats and inhibition of miR-129-2-3p,-27a-3p,-155,-134,-181a, and-146a had a positive effect on seizure behavior and/or reduced the loss of neuronal cells. Further studies are warranted using adult female and immature male and female animals. It would also be helpful to test the ability of specific agomirs and antagomirs to control seizure activity in a subhuman primate model of epilepsy such as adult marmosets injected intraperitoneally with pilocarpine or cynomolgus monkeys given intrahippocampal injections of kainic acid.展开更多
Multiple sclerosis(MS),the most common inflammatory condition of the central nervous system in young adults,is characterized by immunemediated demyelination and neurodegeneration that translate into heterogeneous clin...Multiple sclerosis(MS),the most common inflammatory condition of the central nervous system in young adults,is characterized by immunemediated demyelination and neurodegeneration that translate into heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and disease trajectories.展开更多
This exploratory study examined the short-term reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses recorded from patients undergoing whole-head scalp elec-troencephalography (EEG) monitoring to assess their candidacy fo...This exploratory study examined the short-term reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses recorded from patients undergoing whole-head scalp elec-troencephalography (EEG) monitoring to assess their candidacy for surgical treatment of intractable focal seizures. Participants were 26 patients with either left-sided (N = 13) or right-sided focal epilepsy admitted to the hospital for continuous scalp EEG monitoring for possible epilepsy surgery planning. Cortical auditory evoked responses were recorded over multiple days from scalp EEG electrodes using tones presented binaurally in a passive oddball paradigm. Test-retest intervals were 1 - 6 days (mean 2 days). Test-retest reproducibility of the auditory N1 response was assessed by paired t-test (latency) and cross-correlation analysis (amplitude and latency). Within-patient comparisons of test-retest auditory N1 peak latencies revealed no significant differences. The cross-correlation coefficient indicated high test-retest reproducibility of the N1 waveform (rcc = 0.88). Seizure lateralization was not associated with asymmetries in N1 latencies or amplitudes. An N1 amplitude asymmetry (right > left) in patients with focal seizures originating from the left hemisphere was initially observed, but disappeared when patients with prior resections were excluded, suggesting that reduced left hemisphere tissue volume may account for the smaller N1 amplitudes. Test-retest reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses was unexpectedly high in patients with focal epilepsy regardless of seizure lateralization or localization. These findings challenge the view that neural responses are intrinsically unstable (unreliable) in patients with seizures.展开更多
Epilepsy frequently leads to cognitive dysfunction and approaches to treatment remain limited.Although regular exercise effectively improves learning and memory functions across multiple neurological diseases,its appl...Epilepsy frequently leads to cognitive dysfunction and approaches to treatment remain limited.Although regular exercise effectively improves learning and memory functions across multiple neurological diseases,its application in patients with epilepsy remains controversial.Here,we adopted a 14-day treadmill-exercise paradigm in a pilocarpine injection-induced mouse model of epilepsy.Cognitive assays confirmed the improvement of object and spatial memory after endurance training,and electrophysiological studies revealed the maintenance of hippocampal plasticity as a result of physical exercise.Investigations of the mechanisms underlying this effect revealed that exercise protected parvalbumin interneurons,probably via the suppression of neuroinflammation and improved integrity of blood-brain barrier.In summary,this work identified a previously unknown mechanism through which exercise improves cognitive rehabilitation in epilepsy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32130060(to XG).
文摘Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological disorder.Studies regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of epilepsy.The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota composition.Satisfactory results are lacking for conventional treatments for epilepsy.Surgical resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with epilepsy.Non-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research focus.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of epilepsy.It also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation.Numerous studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic seizures.Additionally,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being explored.However,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.
基金the National Institutes of Health(1R01NS107607-01A1)Erik and Edith Fernstrom Foundation for Medical Research(2020-00321)+5 种基金Karolinska Institutet(2020-00160,2020-01172)the Swedish Society for Medical Research(RM21-0005)This study was also supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol and the Weston NHS Foundation TrustThe Medical Research Council(MRC)and the University of Bristol supported the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit(MC_UU_00011/1)NMD was supported by the Norwegian Research Council(grant number 295989)The Swedish Research Council(523-2010-1052)supports the(Psychiatry Sweden)register linkage.
文摘Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with epilepsy.Reasons for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly understood.Aim We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these conditions.Methods Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy.We then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression.Finally,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian randomisation.Results In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions.For example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,p<0.001)—a correlation that was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,p<0.001).Findings from Mendelian randomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric conditions.Conclusions Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with epilepsy.Genetic correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric conditions.These findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy.
基金supported by The Israel Science Foundation,No.1976/20(to TSA).
文摘Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic brain disorder that is characterized by a persistent predisposition to recurrently generate epileptic seizures and is often associated with cognitive and psychological consequences.Epilepsy affects approximately 65 million individuals,including both males and females of all ages worldwide,and poses a significant burden on patients,their families,and the health system(Vezzani et al.,2019).
基金Research Fund for Lin He’s Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation in Jining Medical University,No.JYHL2019FMS25and The Key Research and Development Program of Jining,No.2022YXNS028.
文摘BACKGROUND Post-stroke epilepsy is a common and easily overlooked complication of acute cerebrovascular disease.Long-term seizures can seriously affect the prognosis and quality of life of patients.Electroencephalogram(EEG)is the simplest way to diagnose epilepsy,and plays an important role in predicting seizures and guiding medication.AIM To explore the EEG characteristics of patients with post-stroke epilepsy and improve the detection rate of inter-seizure epileptiform discharges.METHODS From January 2017 to June 2020,10 patients with post-stroke epilepsy in our hospital were included.The clinical,imaging,and EEG characteristics were collected.The stroke location,seizure type,and ictal and interictal EEG manifestations of the patients with post-stroke epilepsy were then retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS In all 10 patients,epileptiform waves occurred in the side opposite to the stroke lesion during the interictal stage;these manifested as sharp wave,sharp-wave complex,or spike discharges in the anterior head lead of the side opposite to the lesion.CONCLUSION In EEG,epileptiform waves can occur in the side opposite to the stroke lesion in patients with post-stroke epilepsy.
文摘Partial epilepsies, originating in a specific brain region, affect about 60% of adults with epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent subtype within this category, often necessitating surgical intervention due to its refractoriness to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Hippocampal sclerosis, a common underlying pathology, often exacerbates the severity by introducing cognitive and emotional challenges. This review delves deeper into the cognitive profile of TLE, along with the risk factors for cognitive disorders, depression, and anxiety in this population.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81760247,No.82171450,and No.32160190The United Foundation of Zunyi City,No.Zunshikehe HZ Zi(2021)14.
文摘BACKGROUND Epilepsy and depression have complicated bidirectional relationships.Our study aimed to explore the field of epilepsy comorbid with depression in a bibliometric perspective from 2014-2023.AIM To improve our understanding of epilepsy and depression by evaluating the relationship between epilepsy and depression,bibliometric analyses were performed.METHODS Epilepsy and depression-related publications from the last decade were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection.We conducted bibliometric and visual analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace,examining authorships,countries,institutions,journals of publication,co-citations of references,connections between keywords,clusters of keywords,and keywords with citation bursts.RESULTS Over the past ten years,we collected 1045 research papers focusing on the field of epilepsy and comorbid depression.Publications on epilepsy and depression have shown a general upward trend over time,though with some fluctuations.The United States,with 287 articles,and the University of Melbourne,contributing 34 articles,were the top countries and institutions,respectively.In addition,in the field of epilepsy and depression,Professor Lee,who has published 30 articles,was the most contributing author.The hot topics pay attention to the quality of life in patients with epilepsy and depression.CONCLUSION We reported that quality of life and stigma in patients with epilepsy comorbid with depression are possible future hot topics and directions in the field of epilepsy and depression research.
文摘目的:探讨UGT1A6 A541G、A552C基因多态对丙戊酸钠血药浓度的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CNKI、万方数据库,检索年限从建库至2024年4月,收集UGT1A6基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度文献,提取数据与质量评价,采用Revman5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入文献11篇,999例癫痫患者。Meta分析结果显示,在UGT1A6 A541G基因中,除AG vs GG[MD=0.16,95%CI(-0.39,0.70),P=0.50]外,AA vs AG[MD=0.53,95%CI(0.32,0.75),P<0.00001],AA vs GG[MD=0.67,95%CI(0.10,1.23),P=0.02],AA vs AG+GG[MD=0.61,95%CI(0.45,0.76)P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AG型或/和GG型。在UGT1A6 A552C中,除AC vs CC[MD=0.21,95%CI(-0.31,0.74),P=0.43]外,AA vs AC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs CC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs AC+CC[MD=1.58,95%CI(1.07,2.10),P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明UGT1A6 A552C AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AC型或/和CC型。结论:癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G和A552C基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度具有相关性,且基因突变可能导致丙戊酸钠血药浓度降低。
文摘Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disease that causes recurrent seizures. The brain damage caused by seizures can lead to depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, or disability. In almost all cases chronic seizures are difficult to cure. MicroRNAs are widely expressed in the central nervous system and play important roles in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders, including epilepsy. A variety of animals(mostly mice and rats) have been used to induce experimental epilepsy using different protocols and miRNA profiling performed. Most of the recent studies reviewed had performed miRNA profiling in hippocampal tissues and a large number of microRNAs were dysregulated when compared to controls. Most notably, miR-132-3p,-146a-5p,-10a-5p,-21a-3p,-27a-3p,-142a-5p,-212-3p,-431-5p, and-155 were upregulated in both the mouse and rat studies. Overexpression of miR-137 and miR-219 decreased seizure severity in a mouse epileptic model, and suppression of miR-451,-10a-5p,-21a-5p,-27a-5p,-142a-5p,-431-5p,-155, and-134 had a positive influence on seizure behavior. In the rat studies, overexpression of miR-139-5p decreased neuronal damage in drug-resistant rats and inhibition of miR-129-2-3p,-27a-3p,-155,-134,-181a, and-146a had a positive effect on seizure behavior and/or reduced the loss of neuronal cells. Further studies are warranted using adult female and immature male and female animals. It would also be helpful to test the ability of specific agomirs and antagomirs to control seizure activity in a subhuman primate model of epilepsy such as adult marmosets injected intraperitoneally with pilocarpine or cynomolgus monkeys given intrahippocampal injections of kainic acid.
基金supported by the German Research Foundation(DFG)-SFB-TR-128the Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds BIF-03the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy“Nicolae Testemitanu”(project codes 20.80009.8007.40 and 21.80013.8007.2B)。
文摘Multiple sclerosis(MS),the most common inflammatory condition of the central nervous system in young adults,is characterized by immunemediated demyelination and neurodegeneration that translate into heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and disease trajectories.
文摘This exploratory study examined the short-term reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses recorded from patients undergoing whole-head scalp elec-troencephalography (EEG) monitoring to assess their candidacy for surgical treatment of intractable focal seizures. Participants were 26 patients with either left-sided (N = 13) or right-sided focal epilepsy admitted to the hospital for continuous scalp EEG monitoring for possible epilepsy surgery planning. Cortical auditory evoked responses were recorded over multiple days from scalp EEG electrodes using tones presented binaurally in a passive oddball paradigm. Test-retest intervals were 1 - 6 days (mean 2 days). Test-retest reproducibility of the auditory N1 response was assessed by paired t-test (latency) and cross-correlation analysis (amplitude and latency). Within-patient comparisons of test-retest auditory N1 peak latencies revealed no significant differences. The cross-correlation coefficient indicated high test-retest reproducibility of the N1 waveform (rcc = 0.88). Seizure lateralization was not associated with asymmetries in N1 latencies or amplitudes. An N1 amplitude asymmetry (right > left) in patients with focal seizures originating from the left hemisphere was initially observed, but disappeared when patients with prior resections were excluded, suggesting that reduced left hemisphere tissue volume may account for the smaller N1 amplitudes. Test-retest reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses was unexpectedly high in patients with focal epilepsy regardless of seizure lateralization or localization. These findings challenge the view that neural responses are intrinsically unstable (unreliable) in patients with seizures.
基金supported by STI2030-Major Projects,No.2022ZD0207600 (to LZ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.821 71446 (to JY),U22A20301 (to KFS),32070955 (to LZ)+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.202381515040015 (to LZ)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China,No.202007030012 (to KFS and LZ)
文摘Epilepsy frequently leads to cognitive dysfunction and approaches to treatment remain limited.Although regular exercise effectively improves learning and memory functions across multiple neurological diseases,its application in patients with epilepsy remains controversial.Here,we adopted a 14-day treadmill-exercise paradigm in a pilocarpine injection-induced mouse model of epilepsy.Cognitive assays confirmed the improvement of object and spatial memory after endurance training,and electrophysiological studies revealed the maintenance of hippocampal plasticity as a result of physical exercise.Investigations of the mechanisms underlying this effect revealed that exercise protected parvalbumin interneurons,probably via the suppression of neuroinflammation and improved integrity of blood-brain barrier.In summary,this work identified a previously unknown mechanism through which exercise improves cognitive rehabilitation in epilepsy.
