Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+) Co-Doped Fiber Ring and Line Laser

Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped fiber of 2 m long is used as the laser gain medium. Two fiber lasers with different structures have been set up, one is the line cavity fiber laser with the dielectric mirror being replaced by an all-fiber reflecting mirror,the other is the ring cavity all-fiber laser. Both set-ups have achieved lasing operation at the wavelength of 1.53 μm. Pumped by the 1 064 nm light from all-solid-state Nd ∶YAG laser, the two fiber lasers at 1 530 nm are operational. Their output powers are 7.8 mW and 2 mW with 130 mW and 160 mW pump powers.

Optical temperature sensor based on up-conversion fluorescence emission in Yb^(3+):Er^(3+) co-doped ceramics glass

yb^3＋：Er^3＋ co-doped oxy-fluoride ceramics glass has been prepared. The mechanism of up-conversion emissions about Er^3＋ was discussed, and the temperature properties of green up-conversion fluorescence between 303 and 823 K were investigated. The results show that the sensitivity of this sample reaches its maximum value, about 0.0047 K^-1, when the temperature is 383 K, indicating that this kind of sample can be used as high temperature and high sensitivity optical temperature sensor.

Spectral and Lasing Properties of Er^(3+0/Yb^(3+) Co-Doped Phosphate Glasses Pumped by LD

Er^3 ＋/Yb^3 ＋ phosphate glasses were fabricated. According to McCumber theory, the stimulated emission cross-section of Er^3＋ ions at 1533 nm was calculated on the basis of absorption spectrum, and 0.84 × 10^-20 cm^2 is derived, the fluorescence lifetime of ^4I13/2 level is 8.5 ms. An Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ co-doped phosphate glass CW laser pumped by LD was demonstrated at room temperature. The maximum output power is 80 mW and slope efficiency is 16.5%.

Up-conversion luminescence properties and energy transfer of Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)co-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramic containing CaF_2 nano-crystals

The Er^3＋/yb^3＋ co-doped transparent oxyfluoride glass-ceramics containing CaF2 nano-crystals were successfully prepared. After heat treatments, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） images showed that CaF2 nano-crystals of 20-30 nm in diameter precipitated uniformly in the glass matrix. luminescence of Er^3＋ at 540 nm and 658 nm was observed in Comparing with the host glass, high efficiency upconversion the glass ceramics under the excitation of 980 nm. Moreover, the size of the precipitated nano-crystals can be controlled by heat-treatment temperature and time. With the increase of the nano-crystal size, the intensity of the red emission increased more rapidly than that of the green emission. The energy transfer process of Er^3＋ and Yb^3＋ was convinced and the possible mechanism of Er^3＋ up-conversion was discussed.

Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺磷酸盐玻璃平面波导

研制一种新型的Er3+ Yb3+共掺磷酸盐激光玻璃材料,在其上用离子交换方法进行平面光波导制作研究。实验表明,该玻璃在AgNO3+KNO3+NaNO3混合熔盐中具有良好的化学稳定性,为平面光波导放大器的制作提供了实验依据。

Up-conversion photoluminescence characteristics of Yb^(3+):Er^(3+):Tm^(3+) co-doped borosilicate glasses

Yb^3＋：Er^3＋：Tm^3＋co-doped borosilicate glasses are prepared. Their strong up-conversion photoluminescence spectra in a range from ultra-violet to near-infrared, which are excited by a 978-nm laser diode, are measured, and the mechanisms of energy transfer among Yb^3＋ Er^3＋ and Tm^3＋ ions are discussed. The results show that there is an unexpected wavelength at 900-nm emission from Yb^3＋ Stark splitting levels to pump Tm^3＋ ions and there exists an optimum pump power. The concentration of the Tm^3＋ dopant gives rise to a prominent effect on the intensity of visible and near-infrared emissions for the yb^3＋：Er^3＋：Tm^3＋ co-doped borosilicate glasses.

Sol-gel法制备Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺杂Al_2O_3粉末光致发光特性

采用异丙醇铝 [Al(OC3H7) 3]为前驱体 ,溶胶 凝胶 (Sol gel)法制备Er3+ Yb3+共掺杂Al2 O3粉末 实验结果表明 :90 0℃烧结的粉末为固溶Er3+、Yb3+的γ (Al,Er,Yb) 2 O3相和少量θ (Al,Er,Yb) 2 O3相的混合物 Er3+ Yb3+共掺杂Al2 O3粉末具有中心波长为 1.5 33μm的光致发光 (PL)特性 1mol %Er3+和 1mol%Yb3+共掺杂的Al2 O3粉末的PL强度较 1mol %Er3+掺杂提高 2倍 ,半峰宽从 5 3nm增加到 6 3nm 随泵浦功率的提高 。

All-fiber Based Er^(3+)∶Yb^(3+) Co-doped Fiber Laser

An all-fiber based Er~ 3+ ∶Yb~ 3+ co-doped double clad fiber laser operating at 1550nm is demonstrated. By using 9m long Er~ 3+ ∶Yb~ 3+ co-doped fiber(EYDF) as the gain medium, and using a pair of fiber Bragg gratings as wavelength filters, the line-width of the output laser is as narrow as 0.2nm and the output power is more than 6mW. The fluorescent effect of the laser before its emission is also studied. And it is found that the Er~ 3+ ∶Yb~ 3+ co-doped double-clad fiber laser also exhibits a high gain for Yb~ 3+ transition near 1080nm.

Influence of Input Pulse Durations on Properties of Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+) Co-doped DCFA

Based on propagation-rate equations, the influence of different input pulse durations on the properties of Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ co-doped double-clad fiber amplifier at dynamic equilibrium was analyzed. The change characteristic of output power sag with pulse duration and repetition rate was shown. Whether single or multichannel input pulses are amplified, the shorter the input pulse duration is, the smaller the power sags of output pulse will be. At low repetition rate, upper gain values（Gupper） of gain swing are almost the same for different input pulse durations, which tend to the small signal gain, but lower gain value（Glower） of short input pulse is larger than that of long input pulse. At highrepetition rate, lower gain value（Glower） approaches to upper gain value（Glower）.

Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺DBR光纤激光器的实验研究

采用Er3+-Yb3+共掺单模光纤制作了DBR光纤激光器,有源光纤长度为10cm,光纤激光器为短腔结构。通过对不同前腔镜反射率的Er3+-Yb3+共掺DBR光纤激光器进行实验,得到了前腔镜反射率与激光器输出功率和阈值电流之间的关系,并对前腔镜反射率和有源光纤的长度的最优化选择进行了分析。

Er^3＋-Yb^3＋共掺杂光纤环型腔被动谐波锁模激光器

报道了Er3+-Yb3+共掺杂光纤作为增益介质的环型腔光纤激光器。利用光纤的非线性偏振旋转效应产生可饱和吸收体的锁模机制,通过调整泵浦功率,调节偏振控制器的状态,实现了连续基波锁模和高阶谐波锁模两种稳定的锁模运转状态。其中连续基波锁模重复频率15.89 MHz,中心波长为1.557 nm,光谱宽度为9.9 nm。二阶谐波锁模重复率为31.79 MHz,三阶谐波锁模脉冲重复率为46.99 MHz。观察到了调Q锁模和调Q脉冲序列,给出了各种运转状态的实验结果并对多种锁模机理作了简要的分析。

Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)掺杂SiO_2-SrO-NaF玻璃陶瓷的制备及表征

采用熔融晶化法制备了主晶相为SrF_2的Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺透明氟氧化物玻璃陶瓷,利用DSC、XRD、SEM、UV-Vis-NIR和荧光光谱对样品的结构、形貌、发光性能进行了测试与表征。研究表明:该体系玻璃最佳热处理温度为620℃,最佳热处理时间为2h,并讨论了Yb^(3+)不同掺杂浓度对Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺玻璃陶瓷样品上转换发光性能的影响,确定Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)最佳掺杂浓度比为1∶7,同时观察到了明亮的绿光(522,540 nm)和较弱的红光(656 nm),对Er^(3+)和Yb^(3+)之间的能量传递过程进行了讨论。

试验优化设计Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺杂Gd_2Ti_2O_7上转换发光特性

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-gel)法制备了Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺杂Gd2Ti2O7纳米晶粉末,通过试验优化设计的理论建立了Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)掺杂浓度与发光强度的回归方程,利用遗传算法优化计算出方程的最优解Er^(3+)、Yb^(3+)掺杂浓度分别为5.60%(物质的量分数)和13.43%。Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺杂Gd2Ti2O7纳米晶粉末为单一面心立方Gd2Ti2O7相结构,随Yb^(3+)共掺杂浓度增加,X射线衍射峰逐渐向高角偏移。在976 nm激光激发下,Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺杂Gd2Ti2O7获得了分别对应于Er^(3+)的2H11/2/4S3/2→4I15/2和4F9/2→4I15/2跃迁的绿色和红色上转换发光,且绿色和红色发光均为双光子吸收过程。研究了最优样品上转换发光与温度之间的关系,发现绿色上转换发光具有优良的温度传感特性,对红色上转换发光的温度猝灭进行了解释。

Er^3＋-Yb^3＋共掺钡镓锗玻璃上转换发光研究

研究了Er^3＋-Yb^3＋共掺钡镓锗玻璃的吸收光谱和上转换光谱。分析了Yb^3＋离子浓度变化对玻璃光谱性能及对稀土离子间能量转移效率的影响，探讨了铒镱共掺钡镓锗玻璃的上转换发光机制。结果表明：玻璃的紫外截止波长在280nm附近。采980nm LD激发玻璃样品，在室温下观察到强烈的上转换绿光和红光发射。随着Yb^3＋离子浓度的增加，上转换红光和绿光发射均增强，而Yb^3＋对Er^3＋离子的能量转移效率呈先升高后降低的趋势。当Yb^3＋浓度为3mol％时，Yb^3＋-Er^3＋的能量转移效率达到最大值83％。能量分析表明：980nmLD激发产生的上转换绿光主要源于Er^3＋离子^4I11／2能级和Yb^3＋离子^2F5/2能级之间的能量转移过程；而红光发射主要源于Er^3＋离子^4I13／2能级与Yb^3＋离子^2F5／2能级之间的能量转移过程。

Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)共掺磷酸盐玻璃光波导的FD-BPM分析

阐述了三维波导结构的FD-BPM原理,并用FD-BPM法模拟了波长为1.54μm和0.98μm的高斯光束在Er3+-Yb3+共掺磷酸盐玻璃光波导内光场分布.与沟道光波导相比,掩埋型光波导内的泵浦光和信号光的散射都非常小,光场分布非常均匀.研究结果表明,掩埋型光波导是制作Er3+-Yb3+共掺磷酸盐玻璃光波导激光器和放大器的理想波导.

NaYF4∶Er^3＋,Yb^3＋纳米材料的量子剪裁动力学分析

采用共沉淀法合成NaYF_4∶Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)纳米材料,测量其吸收光谱和荧光光谱。利用吸收光谱,计算Er^(3+)离子的辐射跃迁几率。分析489 nm激发下NaYF_4∶Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)的量子剪裁近红外荧光光谱,观察到中心波长位于980nm(Yb^(3+)∶2F5/2→2F7/2)的发射峰;拟合不同Yb^(3+)掺杂浓度下Er^(3+)的2H11/2能级的荧光衰减曲线,得到随着Yb^(3+)浓度的增加,Er^(3+)的寿命逐渐缩短,表明Er^(3+)→Yb^(3+)的能量传递效率和量子剪裁效率逐渐提高。通过Er^(3+)-Yb^(3+)量子剪裁速率方程,计算得最佳掺杂浓度样品NaYF_4∶2%Er^(3+),10%Yb^(3+)纳米材料的量子剪裁效率为149.6%。

Growth and Optical Spectra of Zn∶Er∶LiNbO_3 Crystals Using Bridgman Method

The growth of LiNbO3 single crystal with Er^3＋ and Zn^2＋ co-doped using Bridgman method and its characteristic absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra were reported. Large-size crystals initially containing Zn^2＋ （3%） and Er^3＋ （0.6%） with good optical quality were obtained using optimized conditions such as a growth rate of 0.8- 1.5 mm·h^-1 and a temperature gradient of about 30 - 35℃·cm^-1 across the solid-liquid interface and the sealed platinum crucible. X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis （DTA） were used to characterize the crystals. The results indicate that the concentration of Er^3＋ ions in crystals, their absorption intensity, and their fluorescence intensity decrease from the bottom to the top in the crystals. However, for the upper part of the crystal, the up-conversion fluorescence intensity is higher than that of the lower part excited by an 800 or 970 nm pump. The effects of the crystal lattice, their structural defect and their effective segregation of Er^3＋ ions were discussed with respect to the variations of the up-conversion fluorescence intensity.

Growth and Optical Spectra of Zn∶Er∶LiNbO_3 Crystals by Bridgman Method

The growth of LiNbO3 single crystal with Er^3＋/Zn^2＋ co-doped by the bridgman method and the characteristics of absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra were reported. By means of the optimized con- ditions such as growth rate of 0.8 - 1.5 mm · h^- 1, temperature gradient about 30 - 35℃ ·cm^-1 across the solid-liquid interface and sealed platinum, large size crystals containing Zn^2＋ （3%） and Er^3＋ （0.6%） with good optical quality were obtained. X-ray diffraction and DTA were used to characterize the crystals. The results indicate that the concentration of Er^3＋ ions in crystals decrease along the growth direction, the absorption intensity and the fluorescence intensity ions also decrease along the growth direction. of Er^3＋ However, for the upper part crystal, the upconversion fluorescence intensity is higher than that of the lower part crystal excited with 800 or 970 nm pump. The effects of crystal lattice, structure defect and effective segregation of Er^3＋ ions were discussed in respect to the variations were discussed of upconversion fluorescence intensity.

Near-infrared carbon-implanted Er^3＋/yb^3＋ co-doped phosphate glass waveguides

The Er3＋/yb3＋ co-doped phosphate （EYDP） glass waveguides operated at 1539 nm have been manufactured by using the implantation technique of carbon ions under the condition of 6.0 MeV energy and 5.0 × 10^13 ions/cm2 fluence in this work. The ion implantation process was computed by means of the stopping and range of ions in matter. The dark-mode spectrum at 1539 nm of the waveguide was recorded by the method of the prism coupling measurement. The microscopic image of the fabricated structure was photographed by an optical microscope. It is the first step for the application of the waveguides on the base of EYDP glasses in optical- integrated photonic devices at near-infrared band.

Enhanced 1.8 μm emission in Er^(3+)/Tm^(3+) co-doped lead silicate glasses under different excitations for near infrared laser

A detailed study of the fluorescence emission properties and energy transfer mechanism in Er^（3＋）/Tm^（3＋） co-doped lead silicate glasses was reported. Enhanced near infrared 1.8 μm and visible up-conversion emissions were investigated under 808 and 980 nm excitations, respectively. The energy transfer mechanism between Er^（3＋） and Tm^（3＋） was analyzed according to the absorption spectra, the emission spectra and the level structures of Er^（3＋） and Tm^（3＋）. The energy transfer efficiency between Er^（3＋） and Tm^（3＋） reached 68.1% in the Er^（3＋）/Tm^（3＋） co-doped lead silicate glasses when pumped by 808 nm laser diode. Based on the absorption spectra, the Judd-Ofelt parameters, spontaneous emission probability, absorption and emission cross sections, gain coefficients were calculated and analyzed. It was found that the calculated emission cross section and the maximum gain coefficient around 1.8 μm were 4.9×10^（–21）cm^2 and 1.12 cm^（–1）, respectively. These results indicated that the Er^（3＋）/Tm^（3＋） co-doped lead-silicate glasses had potential application in near infrared lasers.