Effect of Docetaxel and Cisplatin Chemotherapy Combined with Intensitymodulated Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer and Its Effect on Serum Tumor Markers

Objective: To investigate the effect of docetaxel and cisplatin combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy in thetreatment of postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer and the content of tumor markers in serum. Methods: According tosimple randomization method, 60 patients with postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer admitted from February 2018 toSeptember 2019 were divided into control group (n = 30 cases) and observation group (n = 30 cases). All patients received IMRT.Fluorouracil + cisplatin was used in the control group and docetaxel + cisplatin was used in the observation group. After 2 coursesof continuous treatment, the therapeutic effect, serum tumor marker content and adverse reactions were compared between thetwo groups. Results: After treatment, the effective rate of observation group was higher than control group, and the difference wasstatistically significant (P < 0.05).The contents of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) andcarbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in observation group were lower than those in control group, and the difference was statisticallysignificant (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and thedifference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Docetaxel and cisplatin combined with intensemodulated radiotherapyfor postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer can improve the therapeutic effect, inhibit the malignant degree of tumor, andreduce the incidence of adverse reactions.

Meta-analysis of late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with FP chemotherapy for esophageal carcinoma

Background and Objective:Although there are many randomized clinical trials of late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCAHFR) combined with FP chemotherapy for esophageal cancer, the efficacy and toxicity are controversial. This study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of LCAHFR combined with FP chemotherapy in treating esophageal cancer. Methods: Reports of randomized clinical trials on LCAHFR combined with FP chemotherapy for esophageal cancer published between January 1999 and January 2009 were researched through Wanfang, CNKI, and PubMed databases. RevMan4.2 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results: Twenty-one reports, including 2030 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Of the 2030 patients, 1006 underwent LCAHFR (LCAHFR group), and 1024 underwent LCAHFR combined with FP chemotherapy (combination group). Compared with those of the LCAHFR group, the 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-years survival rates and 1-, 2-, 3-year local control rates of the combination group were significant increased, and the acute toxicity was also increased, but chronic toxicity showed no significant difference. C onclusions: LCAHFR combined with FP chemotherapy can improve the survival rate and the local control rate of the patients with esophageal cancer. The increased acute toxicity need to be concerned, whereas the chronic toxicity needs a long-term observation.

Phase Ib trial of camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy and apatinib for neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Objective:This is a prospective,single-arm,phase Ib study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy and apatinib as neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods:The regimen encompassed 2-4 cycles of neoadjuvant camrelizumab,nab-paclitaxel,nedaplatin,and apatinib to treatment-naive patients with resectable locally advanced ESCC.The treatment was repeated every 14 days.Initially,six patients were planned to receive two cycles of neoadjuvant therapy as safety assessment,and then 24 patients received four cycles of neoadjuvant therapy,followed by esophagectomy after 4-8 weeks.The primary endpoint was safety.The key secondary endpoints were pathologic complete response(pCR)and major pathologic response(MPR).Results:This study enrolled 30 patients,among whom,five patients received two cycles of neoadjuvant therapy,and one patient missed the second cycle of therapy due to grade 3 elevated alanine transaminase(ALT)level.The remaining 24 patients received four planned cycles of neoadjuvant therapy.Eleven patients(36.7%)devel-oped grade 3 neoadjuvant treatment-related adverse events(TRAEs).No patient developed grade 4 or 5 TRAEs.Neutropenia(23.3%)was the most common grade 3 TRAE.Twenty-nine patients underwent esophagectomy af-ter neoadjuvant therapy.Among them,15 patients(51.7%)achieved MPR,including seven patients with pCR(24.1%).Radiographic analyses established a significant correlation between maximal standardized uptake value(SUV max)reduction and pathologic regression(P=0.00095).Conclusions:Neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy plus apatinib demonstrated a manageable safety profile for patients with locally advanced ESCC,and an encouraging efficacy was observed in most of the treated patients.A decrease in SUV max of the primary tumor may be a predictor of pathologic response to neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy plus apatinib in ESCC.

Postoperative complications and critical care management after cytoreduction surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: A systematic review of the literature

BACKGROUND Cytoreductive surgery(CRS)and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)is a comprehensive treatment option performed for peritoneal surface malignancies.Postoperatively almost all patients are transferred to the intensive care unit electively.AIM To describe the common and rare postoperative complications,postoperative mortality and their critical care management after CRS-HIPEC.METHODS The authors assessed 54 articles for eligibility.Full text assessment identified 14 original articles regarding postoperative complications and critical care management for inclusion into the final review article.RESULTS There is an exaggerated metabolic and inflammatory response after surgery which may be termed as physiological in view of the nature of surgery combined with the use of heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy with/out early postoperative intravenous chemotherapy.The expected postoperative course is further discussed.CRS-HIPEC is a complex procedure with some life-threatening complications in the immediate postoperative period,reported morbidity rates between 12%-60%and a mortality rate of 0.9%-5.8%.Over the years,since its inception in the 1980s,postoperative morbidity and survival have significantly improved.The commonest postoperative surgical complications and systemic toxicity due to chemotherapy as reported in the last decade are discussed.CONCLUSION CRS-HIPEC is associated with a varying rate of postoperative complications including postoperative deaths and needs early suspicion and intensive care monitoring.

Effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on prognosis and surgery for esophageal carcinoma

AIM:To investigate the role of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in prognosis and surgery for esophageal carcinoma by a meta-analysis.METHODS:PubMed and manual searches were done to identify all published randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that compared neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery(CRTS) with surgery alone(S) for esophageal cancer.According to the test of heterogeneity,a fi xed-effect model or a random effect model was used and the odds ratio(OR) was the principal measure of effects.RESULTS:Fourteen RCTs that included 1737 patients were selected with quality assessment ranging from A to C(Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.2.2).OR(95% CI,P value),expressed as CRTS vs S(values>1 favor CRTS arm),was 1.19(0.94-1.48,P=0.28) for 1-year survival,1.33(1.07-1.65,P=0.69) for 2-year survival,1.76(1.42-2.19,P=0.11) for 3-year survival,1.41(1.06-1.87,P=0.11) for 4-year survival,1.64(1.28-2.12,P=0.40) for 5-year survival,0.82(0.39-1.73,P<0.0001) for rate of resection,1.53(1.33-2.84,P=0.007) for rate of complete resection,1.78(1.14-2.78,P=0.79) for operative mortality,1.12(0.89-2.48,P=0.503) for all treatment mortality,1.33(0.94-1.88,P=0.04) for the rate of adverse treatment,1.38(1.23-1.63,P=0.0002) for local-regional cancer recurrence,1.28(0.85-1.58,P=0.60) for distant cancer recurrence,and 1.27(0.86-1.65,P=0.19) for all cancer recurrence.A complete pathological response to chemoradiotherapy occurred in 10%-45.5% of patients.The 5-year survival benefi t was most pronounced when chemotherapy and radiotherapy were given concurrently(OR:1.45,95% CI:1.26-1.79,P=0.015) instead of sequentially(OR:0.85,95% CI:0.64-1.35,P=0.26).CONCLUSION:Compared with surgery alone,neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy can improve the long-term survival and reduce local-regional cancer recurrence.Concurrent administration of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was superior to sequential chemoradiotherapy.

Intensify standardized therapy for esophageal and stomach cancer in tumor hospitals

INTRODUCTIONCancer treatment situation in tumor hospitals inChina has its own unique characteristics which arenot found in other parts of the world. Because ofthe huge population and high incidence rates ofesophageal and stomach cancer[1-5], the number ofcancer patients waiting for admission isinconceivably large.

Surgery with and without chemotherapy for localized carcinoma of esophagus:a meta-analysis

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing radical surgery by meta-analysis. Methods: CBMDisc, CNKI, Pubmed databases were searched from January 1995 to June 2005. Randomized trials on comparison surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy (S + C) and surgery alone for patients with local- ized carcinoma of esophagus were selected. RevMan 4.2 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: 7 studies were in- cluded in the meta-analysis. A total of 401 patients underwent radical surgery plus chemotherapy and 463 underwent surgery alone. Compared with surgery alone, the patients underwent S + C were significantly superior in the 3-year survival rate: the combined relative risk (RRs) of death was 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.71 to 0.95, P = 0.009. Conclusion: Based on the review, adjuvant chemotherapy has a benefit on the 3-year survival rate in the patients with esophageal carcinoma.

THE EFFECTS OF CHINESE DRUGS FOR SUPPORTING HEALTHY ENERGY AND REMOVING BLOOD STASIS ON POSTOPERATIVE METASTASIS OF GASTRIC CARCINOMA AND ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE

32 postoperative cases of gastric carcinoma were treated by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) drugs for supporting healthy energy and removing blood stasis, and their therapeutic results were compared with those in the control group treated by western medicine. After 6 months of treatment, in the TCM group, the rate of metastatic recurrence was significantly reduced, and the level of ornithine decarboxylase was also markedly lowered. Therefore, it is considered that the action of anti-metastatic recurrence of TCM drugs in postoperative cases of gastric carcinoma is probably related to the lowered activity of ornithine decarboxylase.

Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy increases the incidence of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection of rectal tumors

BACKGROUND Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy is an emerging treatment modality for locally advanced rectal neoplasms. However, its impacts on postoperative complications remain unknown. Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most common and serious complications associated with the anterior resection of rectal tumors. Therefore, we designed this study to determine the effects of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy on AL. AIM To investigate whether intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy increases the incidence of AL after the anterior resection of rectal neoplasms. METHODS This retrospective cohort study collected information from 477 consecutive patients who underwent an anterior resection of rectal carcinoma using the double stapling technique at our institution from September 2016 to September 2017. Based on the administration of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy or not, the patients were divided into a chemotherapy group (171 cases with intraperitoneal implantation of chemotherapy agents during the operation) or a control group (306 cases without intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy). Clinicopathologic features, intraoperative treatment, and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed to determine the effects of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the incidence of AL. The clinical outcomes of the two groups were also compared through survival analysis. RESULTS The univariate analysis showed a significantly higher incidence of AL in the patients who received intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy, with 13 (7.6%) cases in the chemotherapy group and 5 (1.6%) cases in the control group (P = 0.001). As for the severity of AL, the AL patients who underwent intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy tended to be more severe cases, and 12 (92.3%) out of 13 AL patients in the chemotherapy group and 2 (40.0%) out of 5 AL patients in the control group required a secondary operation (P = 0.044). A multivariate analysis was subsequently performed to adjust for the confounding factors and also showed that intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy increased the incidence of AL (odds ratio = 5.386;95%CI: 1.808-16.042;P = 0.002). However, the survival analysis demonstrated that intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy could also improve the disease-free survival rates for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. CONCLUSION Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma, but it also increases the risk of AL following the anterior resection of rectal neoplasms.

食管癌患者多联预康复干预效果随机对照试验的meta分析

目的 通过meta分析评价多联预康复在食管癌患者术后恢复中的应用效果。方法 检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于多联预康复应用于食管癌患者的随机对照试验,检索范围设定从建库起至2023年10月1日,纳入文献在质量学评价后,用RevMan5.4软件进行meta分析。结果 纳入10篇文献共930例患者,meta分析结果显示,多联预康复相对于常规护理可降低食管癌患者术后并发症发生率[相对危险度(RR)=0.62,95%CI 0.47~0.82],缩短住院时间[均数差(MD)=-6.15 d,95%CI-7.87~-4.43 d]及降低住院费用(MD=-1.78万元,95%CI-2.76万元~-0.81万元),增加术后6分钟步行距离(MD=93.35 m,95%CI 36.19~150.51 m),提高术后血清白蛋白含量(MD=6.18 g/L,95%CI 4.08~8.28 g/L)和免疫球蛋白(Ig)G含量[标准化均数差(SMD)=1.21,95%CI 1.01~1.42]。结论 多联预康复有利于食管癌患者术后恢复,降低术后并发症发生率,改善部分运动、营养和免疫功能指标,缩短住院时间且减少住院费用。

右美托咪定复合布托啡诺对食管癌根治术患者术后镇痛的效果及氧化应激反应的影响

【目的】探讨右美托咪定(Dex)复合布托啡诺对食管癌根治术患者术后镇痛的效果及氧化应激反应的影响。【方法】102例食管癌根治术患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组51例。对照组泵注布托啡诺复合舒芬太尼进行术后镇痛,观察组泵注布托啡诺复合Dex进行术后镇痛。比较两组苏醒情况,麻醉前后血流动力学指标[心率、平均动脉压(MAP)]、应激反应指标[肾上腺素(Adr)、皮质醇(Cor)]水平,疼痛及不良反应发生情况。【结果】观察组术后苏醒时间、术后恢复室滞留时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组麻醉操作后6 min(T_(1))、手术结束后2 min(T_(2))时的心率、MAP水平均较麻醉前(T_(0))时升高(P<0.05),T_(2)时的心率、MAP水平均较T_(1)时降低(P<0.05),且观察组T_(1)、T_(2)时的心率、MAP水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后24 h、36 h的Adr、Cor水平均较术前升高(P<0.05),且术后36 h的Adr、Cor水平均较术后24 h降低(P<0.05);观察组术后24 h、36 h的Adr、Cor水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后3 h、9 h、24 h、36 h的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均较术前升高(P<0.05),且呈先升高后降低的趋势,观察组术后各时段VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】Dex复合布托啡诺用于食管癌根治术中,可稳定患者术后血流动力学指标,加快患者苏醒,抑制围术期应激反应,减轻术后疼痛,且安全性好。

高龄食管癌贲门癌患者术后主要并发症的原因分析

回顾性分析 10 3例 70岁以上食管癌贲门癌患者临床资料 ,结果发现术后主要并发症为吻合口瘘及肺部并发症 ,吻合口瘘的发生与手术方式密切相关 ,三切口手术及食管拔脱左颈吻合术吻合口瘘的发生率显著高于其他手术方式 (P<0 .0 1)。肺部并发症的发生与术前肺功能及手术方式均密切相关 ,术前肺功能差者即使行不开胸的食管拔脱术 ,肺部并发症的发生率仍高达 6 0 % ;术前肺功能正常患者 ,三切口术及二切口右胸顶吻合术肺部并发症发生率亦高达 39% ,显著高于其他手术组(P<0 .0 1)。故对老年食管癌贲门癌患者应尽量避免三切口及二切口右胸顶吻合术 。

国产奈达铂治疗食管癌的Ⅱ期临床试验报告

背景与目的:奈达铂是第二代有机铂类抗癌药,国外的临床研究显示该药是一个广谱、高效的抗癌药物,治疗食管癌有效率较高,但是国产奈达铂的临床疗效及其不良反应尚不清楚。本研究目的是观察Ⅱ类新药国产奈达铂对晚期食管癌的疗效及其不良反应。方法:本研究为多中心、前瞻性、随机对照Ⅱ期临床研究。对52例未接受过化疗的初治食管癌患者进行随机分组,试验组30例,接受奈达铂联合5-FU治疗。对照组22例,接受DDP联合5-FU治疗。结果:30例试验组患者中,27例可评价疗效,30例可评价不良反应。22例对照组患者均可评价疗效和不良反应。在疗效方面,试验组的总有效率高于对照组,分别为29.63%与22.73%(P<0.05)。其中试验组的CR率为18.51%,而对照组为4.55%。在骨髓抑制方面,Hb下降的发生率两组基本一致;试验组WBC下降和血小板抑制的发生率明显高于对照组,特别是Ⅲ、Ⅳ度血小板下降(20.68%vs.0%,P<0.01)。试验组消化道反应的总发生率低于对照组,其中呕吐的发生率和严重程度两组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。两组其他不良反应发生率相比无显著性差异。结论:奈达铂对晚期食管癌有一定的疗效,与5-FU联合的有效率较DDP+5-FU联合方案有一定优势,临床耐受性较好,主要不良反应为骨髓抑制,特别是严重的血小板下降。

不能手术切除行同期放化疗的食管癌患者预后的多因素分析

背景与目的:目前同期放化疗已推荐为不能手术切除食管癌的标准治疗方法。本研究初步总结我科收治的食管癌同期放化疗的治疗结果,分析影响预后的因素。方法:1996年1月1日～2003年12月31日收治的符合条件的患者共132例,化疗在放疗开始时和放疗剂量达40Gy时给予,放疗总剂量60～70Gy。将患者性别、年龄、病程、病变部位、吞咽困难程度、体重、KPS评分、家族史、治疗前血红蛋白水平、X线分型、病理分级、病变长度、T分期、N分期、M分期、放疗方法、放疗技术、放疗剂量、放疗间断时间、治疗后近期疗效、食管穿孔与否、食管出血情况、再治疗方法作为分析因子,用Cox回归对上述分析因子与预后的关系进行单因素和多因素分析。结果:单因素分析显示影响预后的因素为:病程、病变部位、体重下降、M分期、近期疗效、食管穿孔、食管大出血、复发再治疗方法。多因素分析显示影响预后的独立因素为M分期(P=0.0140,OR=2.515)、近期疗效(P<0.0001,OR=2.181)、食管穿孔(P=0.0220,OR=3.266)、再治疗方法(P=0.0260,OR=1.142)。结论:同期放化疗治疗不能手术切除的食管癌,影响预后的主要因素为M分期、近期疗效、食管穿孔、复发转移后再治疗方法。

食管癌同期放化疗后局部失败相关因素分析

背景和目的:目前同期放化疗是不能手术食管癌的标准治疗方法,局部未控和复发仍是治疗失败的主要原因。本文主要总结我科收治的食管癌同期放化疗后局部未控和复发情况,分析影响局部未控和复发的相关因素。方法:对132例食管癌患者行同期放化疗。第一周期化疗与放射治疗同时开始,第二周期化疗在放疗剂量达40Gy时给予。以二项分类logistic回归分析影响局部未控和复发的因素。结果:至随访截止时间,全组患者射野内未控和复发54例,射野内未控和复发并淋巴结或其他器官转移20例,射野外复发5例。logistic回归分析显示与局部未控和复发相关的因素为近期疗效和放疗剂量。放疗后病灶完全缓解和部分缓解者,局部未控和复发率分别为44.9%和79.6%(P<0.001),平均复发时间分别为12.9个月和6.1个月(P=0.002)。放疗剂量为50～60Gy、60.1～69.9Gy、≥70Gy时,局部未控和复发率分别为69%、61%、52%(P=0.027),平均局部失败时间分别为5.3个月、9.1个月、10.3个月(P=0.038)。结论:影响局部未控和复发的因素为近期疗效和放疗剂量。

食管贲门癌术后胸胃排空障碍的成因和预防

目的探讨食管贲门癌术后胸胃排空障碍的成因和预防措施。方法食管贲门癌手术１５４７例，发生胸胃排空障碍１５例，均为上腹、右胸、左颈吻合。手术方式由术中将食膈孔扩张至４指使胃通过时充分舒张，改为行食膈孔处切断部分膈肌。结果行食膈孔处切断部分膈肌，术后未发生胸胃排空障碍。结论胸胃排空障碍与迷走神经切断致胃解剖位置变化而影响胃十二指肠压力梯度和胃窦部功能及胃泌素分泌的功能有关，也与常规扩张食膈孔后膈肌自行回缩、膈肌重建过紧、胸胃远端呈“Ｓ”型扭曲、幽门位于膈肌以上使十二指肠呈关闭状、胃扭曲和术后粘连等机械性因素有关。

138例晚期食管癌的化疗疗效和预后因素分析

背景与目的:晚期食管癌患者预后差,目前仍无标准的治疗方案,影响其预后的独立因素也不明确。本研究旨在分析晚期食管癌的化疗疗效,并探讨影响其预后的因素。方法:回顾性分析中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学肿瘤医院1984年12月至2006年4月收治的、经病理和/或细胞学确诊的138例初治晚期食管鳞癌患者的临床资料。全组患者分为新药组(含紫杉醇、健择或草酸铂)和非新药组(不含紫杉醇、健择或草酸铂)。新药组有68例,其中化疗方案中含顺铂64例(94.1%);非新药组有70例,其中化疗方案中含顺铂48例(68.6%)。对可能影响生存因素的比较采用log-rank检验,死亡相对风险的比较采用Cox比例风险模型进行计算。结果:全组138例患者的化疗有效率47.8%,中位疾病进展时间4个月,中位生存时间10个月。采用含紫杉醇或健择化疗新药组患者有效率(58.8%)明显高于非新药组(37.1%)(P=0.011)。单因素分析表明,年龄、治疗前血红蛋白水平、化疗周期数、化疗近期疗效、疾病进展时间以及治疗手段与预后相关。多因素分析表明,疾病进展时间、治疗手段、疗前血红蛋白水平是影响生存的独立预后因素。结论:紫杉醇或健择联合顺铂方案用于晚期食管癌化疗有较高的有效性。疾病进展时间、治疗手段、疗前血红蛋白水平是影响生存的独立预后因素。

食管癌术后辅助化疗价值的Meta分析

背景与目的:术后辅助化疗是食管癌综合治疗的重要组成部分,其作用一直存在争议,本研究目的是通过Meta分析评价术后辅助化疗在局部晚期食管癌治疗中的价值。方法:按纳入标准,检索CBMDisc、CNKI和PubMed数据库,并辅以文献追溯方法收集1995年1月至2005年6月期间有关食管癌手术并术后化疗与单纯手术对比的随机临床对照研究的文献,采用ReviewManager4.2软件对数据进行Meta分析。结果:共7篇文献入选,累计病例共864人。与单纯手术者相比,食管癌手术并术后化疗患者3年内死亡的合并相对危险度RRs=0.83,P=0.009,95%置信区间为0.71,0.95。结论:根据目前资料,食管癌根治术后患者行辅助化疗,能改善患者术后3年生存率。

肠内营养支持治疗减轻晚期食管癌患者化疗不良反应

目的:评估肠内营养支持治疗对晚期食管癌患者一线化疗疗效及不良反应的影响。方法:回顾性收集2014年7月至2016年12月于北京大学肿瘤医院接受一线化疗的118例不可手术切除的局部进展期或转移性食管癌患者资料,将患者分为两组,营养支持组(化疗同时予肠内营养支持)和对照组(单纯化疗)。比较两组患者化疗前后各营养指标[KPS功能状态评分(Karnofsky performance status)、体质量、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、血红蛋白、淋巴细胞数、总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇]的变化及化疗疗效、化疗不良反应的差异。结果:(1)对照组化疗后,患者体质量、BMI和血红蛋白水平均明显下降(P<0.001);营养支持组患者化疗后,患者体质量和BMI并无明显变化,仅血红蛋白有明显下降;两组患者化疗前后其他营养指标差异均无统计学意义。(2)与对照组相比,营养支持组化疗后3级以上血液学毒性发生率显著降低(15.4%vs.42.1%,P=0.004),3级以上非血液学毒性发生率也有所降低但两组差异无统计学意义(0 vs.9.2%,P=0.123)。Logistic回归多因素分析显示,营养治疗是食管癌患者化疗后发生3级以上血液学毒性的独立影响因素(P=0.008,RR=6.048,95%CI:1.589~23.027)。(3)两组患者化疗疗效差异无统计学意义。结论:晚期食管癌患者在化疗同时予肠内营养支持治疗可改善患者营养状态,减轻化疗毒性和不良反应。

食管癌的优化治疗

目的 食管癌传统治疗方式疗效欠佳,早期淋巴结转移是影响预后的主要原因。方法104例胸段食管鳞癌患者中进行前瞻性优化治疗临床试验,其中48例接受胸腹二野淋巴结清扫术,29例接受术后辅助化疗(顺铂＋5-氟脲嘧啶)。结果 淋巴结清扫病例扫除淋巴结组数(10.5vs,3.2,P＜0.001) 及转移淋巴结检出组数(1.1vs．0.6,P＜0.05)显著多于传统术式,手术时间延长,但出血量及术后并发症和死亡率无明显提高,3年生存率高于传统术式病例(55.6%vs．41.7%,NS);术后化疗患者淋巴结转移病例多于未化疗者,但3年生存率高于后者(59.3%vs．39.8%,NS);淋巴结清扫＋术后化疗的优化治疗组3年生存率明显高于单纯接受传统术式治疗组(61.2%vs. 29.5%,P＜0.05)。结论 扩大淋巴结清扫范围与术后辅助化疗相结合的优化治疗方法有助于提高对食管癌的治疗效果。