Microvascular free flap surgery has become a successful and reliable method of reconstruction following head and neck cancer resection. The effectiveness of free flap reconstruction has increased with improved surgica...Microvascular free flap surgery has become a successful and reliable method of reconstruction following head and neck cancer resection. The effectiveness of free flap reconstruction has increased with improved surgical technique as well as technological refinement in vessel selection and flap monitoring. Few papers have studied the factors that influence success or failure rates of free flap reconstructions, particularly with an eye towards the technologic advancements that have refined the procedure in the last several decades. Here we present a comprehensive review of perioperative and intraoperative considerations that influence free flap outcomes as well methods of vessel selection and flap monitoring important during microvascular reconstruction of the head and neck.展开更多
目的探讨胸腔镜食管癌根治术联合左侧颈部吻合术治疗食管癌的临床效果。方法选择2018年1月至2020年12月新乡医学院第三附属医院收治的80例食管癌患者为研究对象,根据手术方法将患者分为对照组(n=38)和观察组(n=42)。对照组患者行常规经...目的探讨胸腔镜食管癌根治术联合左侧颈部吻合术治疗食管癌的临床效果。方法选择2018年1月至2020年12月新乡医学院第三附属医院收治的80例食管癌患者为研究对象,根据手术方法将患者分为对照组(n=38)和观察组(n=42)。对照组患者行常规经右胸食管癌切除术联合胃食管胸内吻合术治疗,观察组患者行胸腔镜食管癌根治术联合左侧颈部吻合术治疗。记录2组患者术中出血量、手术时间、淋巴结清扫个数、拔管时间、总引流量、住院时间。分别于术前及术后12、24、48、72 h,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估患者疼痛情况。分别于术前、术后4周,采用肺功能仪检测患者肺功能相关指标,包括第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、肺活量(VC)、最大通气量(MVV),并计算FEV_(1)/FVC。分别于术前、术后4周,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测患者血清中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(SIL-2R)水平,采用放射免疫分析法检测患者血清中癌胚抗原(CEA)水平。记录2组患者术后并发症发生情况。结果2组患者淋巴结清扫个数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者术中出血量、总引流量显著少于对照组,拔管时间、住院时间显著短于对照组,手术时间显著长于对照组(P<0.05)。术前2组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者术后12、24、48、72 h VAS评分呈下降趋势(P<0.05);2组患者术后12、24、48、72 h VAS评分均显著低于术前(P<0.05);术后12、24、48、72 h,观察组患者的VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术前2组患者的VC、MVV、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者术后4周的VC、MVV、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC均显著低于术前(P<0.05);术后4周,观察组患者的VC、MVV、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前2组患者血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者术后4周血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平均显著低于术前(P<0.05);术后4周,观察组患者的血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者并发症发生率显著低于对照组(χ^(2)=8.590,P<0.05);观察组患者切口感染发生率显著低于对照组(χ^(2)=4.654,P<0.05);2组患者乳糜胸、吻合口漏、心律失常、喉返神经损伤、肺部感染发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.011、0.611、0.956、0.066、0.664,P>0.05)。结论与常规经右胸食管癌切除术联合胃食管胸内吻合术治疗食管癌相比,胸腔镜食管癌根治术联合左侧颈部吻合术虽然手术操作时间较长,但患者术中出血量、术后总引流量较少,术后患者疼痛更轻,且患者住院时间较短、恢复较快,术后肺功能损伤小,血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平降低,术后切口感染的发生率较低。展开更多
文摘Microvascular free flap surgery has become a successful and reliable method of reconstruction following head and neck cancer resection. The effectiveness of free flap reconstruction has increased with improved surgical technique as well as technological refinement in vessel selection and flap monitoring. Few papers have studied the factors that influence success or failure rates of free flap reconstructions, particularly with an eye towards the technologic advancements that have refined the procedure in the last several decades. Here we present a comprehensive review of perioperative and intraoperative considerations that influence free flap outcomes as well methods of vessel selection and flap monitoring important during microvascular reconstruction of the head and neck.
文摘目的探讨胸腔镜食管癌根治术联合左侧颈部吻合术治疗食管癌的临床效果。方法选择2018年1月至2020年12月新乡医学院第三附属医院收治的80例食管癌患者为研究对象,根据手术方法将患者分为对照组(n=38)和观察组(n=42)。对照组患者行常规经右胸食管癌切除术联合胃食管胸内吻合术治疗,观察组患者行胸腔镜食管癌根治术联合左侧颈部吻合术治疗。记录2组患者术中出血量、手术时间、淋巴结清扫个数、拔管时间、总引流量、住院时间。分别于术前及术后12、24、48、72 h,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估患者疼痛情况。分别于术前、术后4周,采用肺功能仪检测患者肺功能相关指标,包括第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、肺活量(VC)、最大通气量(MVV),并计算FEV_(1)/FVC。分别于术前、术后4周,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测患者血清中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(SIL-2R)水平,采用放射免疫分析法检测患者血清中癌胚抗原(CEA)水平。记录2组患者术后并发症发生情况。结果2组患者淋巴结清扫个数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者术中出血量、总引流量显著少于对照组,拔管时间、住院时间显著短于对照组,手术时间显著长于对照组(P<0.05)。术前2组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者术后12、24、48、72 h VAS评分呈下降趋势(P<0.05);2组患者术后12、24、48、72 h VAS评分均显著低于术前(P<0.05);术后12、24、48、72 h,观察组患者的VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术前2组患者的VC、MVV、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者术后4周的VC、MVV、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC均显著低于术前(P<0.05);术后4周,观察组患者的VC、MVV、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前2组患者血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者术后4周血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平均显著低于术前(P<0.05);术后4周,观察组患者的血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者并发症发生率显著低于对照组(χ^(2)=8.590,P<0.05);观察组患者切口感染发生率显著低于对照组(χ^(2)=4.654,P<0.05);2组患者乳糜胸、吻合口漏、心律失常、喉返神经损伤、肺部感染发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.011、0.611、0.956、0.066、0.664,P>0.05)。结论与常规经右胸食管癌切除术联合胃食管胸内吻合术治疗食管癌相比,胸腔镜食管癌根治术联合左侧颈部吻合术虽然手术操作时间较长,但患者术中出血量、术后总引流量较少,术后患者疼痛更轻,且患者住院时间较短、恢复较快,术后肺功能损伤小,血清NOS、CEA、SIL-2R水平降低,术后切口感染的发生率较低。