ON UNIVALENT BLOCH FUNCTIONS

A new characterization of univalent Bloch functions is given by investigating the growth order of an essentially increasing function. Our contribution can be considered as a slight improvement of the well-known Pommerenke's result and its all generalizations, and the proof presented in this paper is independently developed.

The new chimeric chiron genes evolved essential roles in zebrafish embryonic development by regulating NAD+ levels

The origination of new genes is important for generating genetic novelties for adaptive evolution and biological diversity.However, their potential roles in embryonic development, evolutionary processes into ancient networks, and contributions to adaptive evolution remain poorly investigated. Here, we identified a novel chimeric gene family, the chiron family, and explored its genetic basis and functional evolution underlying the adaptive evolution of Danioninae fishes. The ancestral chiron gene originated through retroposition of nampt in Danioninae 48–54 million years ago(Mya) and expanded into five duplicates(chiron1–5) in zebrafish 1–4 Mya. The chiron genes(chirons) likely originated in embryonic development and gradually extended their expression in the testis. Functional experiments showed that chirons were essential for zebrafish embryo development. By integrating into the NAD^(+) synthesis pathway, chirons could directly catalyze the NAD^(+) rate-limiting reaction and probably impact two energy metabolism genes(nmnat 1 and naprt) to be under positive selection in Danioninae fishes. Together,these results mainly demonstrated that the origin of new chimeric chiron genes may be involved in adaptive evolution by integrating and impacting the NAD^(+) biosynthetic pathway. This coevolution may contribute to the physiological adaptation of Danioninae fishes to widespread and varied biomes in Southeast Asian.

Tumor suppressor p53 functions as an essential antiviral molecule against Japanese encephalitis virus

Japanese encephalitis virus （jEV） is a mosquito-borne virus of the family Flaviviridae. It is the causative agent of Japanese encephalitis with approximately 50,000 infection cases and 10,000 fatal cases annually in Asia （Erlanger et al., 2009）. Although liveattenuated JEV vaccine has been developed and used for human and pig vaccination, JE occurs epidemically or sporadically in some developing countries or even in vaccinated areas （Solomon, 2006）. Host resistance factors play an important role in the outcome of viral infection.

FERM domain phosphorylation and endogenous 3＇UTR are not essential for regulating the function and subcellular localization of polarity protein Crumbs

In the past two decades, extensive studies have focused on a group of so-called polarity proteins that play conserved and essential functions in establishing and maintaining cell polarity in epithelial cells. Among them, Crumbs （Crb） is the only trans- membrane polarity protein characterized to date （Tepass et al.,