Comparison of Self-Perception of Esthetics and Orthodontic Treatment Needs among Dental and Non-Dental Students with Assessment by Orthodontist

Objectives: The present study was conducted to compare the self-perception of esthetics and wish for seeking orthodontic treatment among dental and non-dental students. The realistic orthodontic treatment needs were confirmed by expert orthodontist. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 male students (Dental—75, Medical—93 and Pharmacy—87 students). The questionnaire included 20 items covering dental esthetics self-perception (10 questions), self-confidence and psychological impact (5 questions), and the need for seeking orthodontic treatment (5 questions) on a five-point Likert scale. The realistic orthodontic treatment needs were confirmed by photographs using aesthetic component of IOTN and clinical examination for the participants and analysis of jaw models using Dental aesthetic index (DAI). Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA was used to check the significant difference between groups. Results: The overall average esthetic self-perception score for total sample was 3.83. The overall average psychological impact score for the whole sample was 2.67. The total percentage of participants who either agree or strongly agree with the question related to their perception of need for seeking orthodontic treatment was 70%. According to the assessment of orthodontic needs using AC-IOTN, 19.8% required definitive treatment. According to the assessment of orthodontic treatment needs based on DAI, 20.3% and 9.9% needed highly desirable (DAI 31 - 35) and definite need of treatment (DAI ≥ 36) respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was no difference between the esthetic perception of dental and non-dental students. The self-perception for seeking orthodontic treatment was over-reported by participants compared to real requirement as assessed by orthodontic specialist. Dental esthetics has no psychological impact on academic performance and self-confidence as perceived by study participants.

The Aesthetic Inheritance of the Mao Dun Literature Prize in the Flux-Take Xu Mao and His Daughters and A Tale of the Wind as Examples

The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is made between the early generation of Xu Mao and His Daughters and the recent award-winning work,A Tale of the Wind,to discover the aesthetic heritage in its flux,which is enlightening for the literary criticism and an orientation for the literary creators.

爱克丝(Esthet.X)微基质填料光固化复合树脂的临床评价

目的 :本研究是评价Esthet.X微基质修复材料修复恒前牙、恒前磨牙的临床状况。方法 :共修复 4 3位病人 ,1 0 0颗牙。分别在修复后当时、修复后 6个月、修复后 1 2个月依据HB和USPHS改良的方法进行直接临床评价。结果 :在原有病例中 ,只有 87例进行了完整的一年观察。都没有术后反应和牙髓反应。在色泽协调性、表面状况、边缘完整性上 ,R级分别占 94 .2 5 %、95 .4 0 %和 90 .80 %。结论 :Esthet.X有着优良的临床特性和极好的可操作性。加上应用仿真色系 ,使得重塑的修复效果更逼真、更自然 。

Facial microcystic adnexal carcinoma-treatment with a “jigsaw puzzle” advancement flap and immediate esthetic reconstruction: A case report

BACKGROUND Microcystic adnexal carcinoma(MAC)is a rare malignant tumor of the skin that is commonly found on the face.It grows slowly and has a low mortality rate.However,for various reasons,including strong histological invasiveness,clinical inexperience and inadequate procedure design,immediate or permanent facial deformity may occur after surgical operations.CASE SUMMARY This article describes a middle-aged female artist who was diagnosed with MAC on the left upper lip.She declined the recommended treatment plan,which included two-stage reconstruction,skin grafting,or surgery that could have resulted in obvious facial dysfunction or esthetic deformity.We accurately designed a personalized procedure involving a“jigsaw puzzle advancement flap”for the patient based on the lesion location and the estimated area of skin loss.The procedure was successful;both pathological R0 resection and immediate and long-term esthetic reconstruction effects were achieved.CONCLUSION This study suggests that when treating facial MAC or other skin malignancies,a surgical team should have sufficient plastic surgery-related knowledge and skills.An optimal surgical plan for an individual is needed to achieve good facial esthetics and functional recovery and shorten the treatment course.

Immediate implant placement in combination with platelet rich-fibrin into extraction sites with periapical infection in the esthetic zone:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND In this case,platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)was added to guided tissue regeneration as a biomaterial in proper order for immediate planting in aesthetic area with periapical infection.CASE SUMMARY With the history of endodontic failure in maxillary central incisor,a 34-year-old female patient required the extraction of maxillary anterior residual root and immediate implantation.Cone beam computed tomography and clinical observation were used to assess the regeneration of soft and bone tissue.Before operation,cone beam computed tomography showed the anterior residual root had serious periapical periodontitis with insufficient labial bone in the aesthetic zone.The patient underwent immediate implant placement and reconstruction of the bone substitution by modified guided bone regeneration.The barrier was a three-layer structure of PRF-collagen membrane-PRF that covered the mixture of PRF and Bio-Oss to promote both osteogenesis and soft tissue healing.At 6 mo postoperatively,the definitive crown was placed after accomplished finial impression.One-year follow-up showed a satisfactory aesthetic effect with no obvious absorption of the labial bone and soft tissue.CONCLUSION The use of PRF in combination with guided bone regeneration can serve as a reliable and simple adjuvant for immediate implanting in infected socket and result in a stable osteogenic effect with good aesthetic outcome.

The Research of Fine Arts Education with Cultivating Aesthetic Appreciation and Creativity as the Core Quality

In the process of art education and teaching,the improvement of students'aesthetic quality and creative ability is the main goal of art teaching.At the same time,it is also the fundamental basis and direction of teaching.In art teaching,aesthetic education is not only reflected by art skills and teaching basis,but also can not separate aesthetic education from basic knowledge and skills of art education.The cultivation of students'artistic quality and creative ability is the main content of the current development of art education and teaching.Colleges and universities should effectively improve and optimize the teaching courses and teaching contents from the aspects of teaching methods,teaching environment,teaching resources,so as to realize the effective cultivation of students'aesthetic quality and creativity.This paper mainly expounds the significance of cultivating students'aesthetic quality and creative ability,and effectively expounds the methods of improvement,aiming to promote the continuous development and reform of art education in colleges and universities,and improve the level of art education.

Comparative Analysis of Two Methods for the Assessment of Aesthetic Impairment Involving Teeth

Objective: To analyze and compare the effectiveness of two methods designed for the assessment of esthetic impairment in patients with missing teeth. Material and Methods: Two methods were addressed in this study: 7-level scale (7LS) and AIPE-Odonto/Brasil. Both tools are designed to assess esthetic dental impairment in civil and criminal Courts. One-hundred and thirteen dentists used the tools to assess dental esthetic impairment in four mock cases (one male and three females). The outcomes of their analyses were compared with pre-established gold-standard scores. Chi-square test was used to investigate the influence of dentists’ sex, age, time of experience and forensic knowledge with their outcomes. Results: Dentists’ outcomes were closer to the expected gold-standard scores when AIPE-Odonto/Brasil was used compared to 7LS (p < 0.05). Dentists’ sex, time of experience and forensic knowledge were significantly associated with the scores obtained with both tools (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Comparatively, AIPE-Odonto/Brasil was more effective for the assessment of esthetic dental impairment involving missing teeth compared to the 7LS.

Transforming Adolescent Smiles:Correcting Skeletal Mandibular Retrusion and Bimaxillary Protrusion with Clear Aligners

Maxillary protrusion combined with mandibular retraction is a highly prevalent but extremely complex maxillofacial deformity that can have a serious negative impact on patients’facial aesthetics and mental health.The traditional orthodontic treatment strategy often involves extracting 4 first premolars and conventional fixed techniques,combined with mini-implant screws,to retract the anterior teeth and improve facial protrusion.In recent years,an invisible orthodontic technique,without brackets,has become increasingly popular.However,while an invisible aligner has been used in some cases with reasonable results,there remain significant challenges in achieving a perfect outcome.This case report presents an adolescent patient with bimaxillary protrusion and mandibular retrognathia.Based on the characteristics of the invisible aligners and the growth characteristics of the adolescent’s teeth and jawbone,we designed precise three-dimensional tooth movement and corresponding resistance/over-correction for each tooth,while utilizing the patient’s jawbone growth potential to promote rapid development of the mandible,accurately and efficiently correcting bimaxillary protrusion and skeletal mandibular retrognathia.The patient’s facial aesthetics,especially the lateral morphology,have been greatly improved,and various aesthetic indicators have also shown significant changes,and to the patient’s great benefit,invasive mini-implant screws were not used during the treatment.This case highlights the advantages of using invisible aligners in adolescent maxillary protrusion combined with mandibular retraction patients.Furthermore,comprehensive and accurate design combined with good application of growth potential can also enable invisible orthodontic technology to achieve perfect treatment effects in tooth extractions,providing clinical guidance for orthodontists.

昆剧《诗宴·唐才子传》的主题意蕴与审美意象

江苏省演艺集团昆剧院创作的《诗宴·唐才子传》是一部案头场上兼善的昆剧作品,在主题未更改的前提下艺术质量经打磨不断提升。《诗宴·唐才子传》在主题意蕴上,通过三个维度阐释了富有哲理性的“如何相逢”;在审美意象上,主要表现为凉秋冷冬,而在此意象之下,该作品揭示的是人生勇敢向前的正确取向和优秀诗作皆是诗人心血之凝结的道理。

Clinical effect of botulinum toxin type A combined with autologous fat grafting in patients with nasolabial fold depression

BACKGROUND Nasolabial fold(NLF)depression can affect the facial appearance of patients to some extent and increase their psychological burdens.In recent years,autologous fat grafting(AFG)combined with botulinum toxin A(BTX-A)injection(AFG+BTX-A injection)has been gradually applied in the treatment of patients with NLF depression.Although studies have been conducted on the efficacy and safety of AFG+BTX-A injection in treating NLF depression,the experimental design,observational indicators,and sample enrollment criteria vary remarkably,making it difficult to draw convincing and consistent conclusions.Thus,further relevant research is warranted.AIM To assess the esthetic improvement,efficacy,and safety of AFG+BTX-A injections in patients with NLF depression.METHODS This study included 60 patients with NLF depression who were treated in our hospital from February 2019 to April 2021.These patients were categorized into control(n=30)and observation(n=30)groups.The observation group received AFG+BTX-A injection,whereas the control group underwent AFG only.All patients were evaluated using the wrinkle severity rating scale(WSRS)and global aesthetic improvement scale.The compactness of facial contours,skin evaluation indexes,adverse reactions,and satisfaction of the two groups were evaluated 3 months postoperatively.RESULTS The WSRS scores of the observation group at 1,3,and 6 months postoperatively were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Three months postoperatively,facial fine lines and pores showed obvious improvement and the skin index score was higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The compactness of facial contours was better in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).In addition,no remarkable differences were noted in the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions such as facial stiffness,facial asymmetry,facial bruising,and facial concavity inequality(P>0.05).CONCLUSION AFG+BTX-A injection is a highly safe,cost-effective,effective,and long-lasting treatment for NLF depression with high esthetic value,which should be promoted in the future.

从“风骨兴寄”到“淡泊情思”——唐朝时期审美意识流变

审美意识一直是古代文学及艺术领域的终极问题之一。中国古代的审美意识主要是从古代的文学、绘画、艺术等多方面体现出来的。唐朝作为中国历史上国力极为鼎盛的时期,胸襟气度、疆域拓展、文学艺术发展等都呈现了独树一帜的风貌。历史上的唐朝时间跨度大,审美意识也随着政治历史等的变化呈现出流变的过程。从初唐时对隋的“风骨兴寄”审美意识的继承和发扬,再到国力强盛的盛唐时期文人的浪漫之音,直至晚唐时期凄清淡泊、禅宗意象的情怀,都昭示了时代的变迁给士人们带来的精神上的变化,同时也体现着我国古代审美意识的变迁。探寻这种审美意识流变的过程,正是探索中国古代哲学发展和审美发展的重要途径之一。

中国口腔医学美学推动者: 深切怀念中国工程院邱蔚六院士

2024年5月24日,我国口腔医学界首位中国工程院院士邱蔚六教授在上海仙逝,巨擘陨落,英名千古。他在国内外口腔颌面外科、头颈肿瘤外科以及口腔颌面修复重建外科领域的卓越成就令世人敬仰,而他的雄韬伟略推动口腔医学美学发展贡献的故事却鲜为人知。

流动树脂注射充填技术的临床应用

随着流动树脂性能的提高,导板技术和数字化技术的不断发展,流动树脂注射充填新技术在临床有了更广阔的应用场景。流动树脂的操作简便性和高度可塑性使其临床技术敏感性降低,结合导板技术和数字化技术可优质、高效地完成复杂和疑难直接粘接修复病例。本文对流动树脂材料的进展、注射充填技术的内涵和发展以及注射充填技术的临床应用和注意事项进行阐述和讨论,为流动树脂注射充填技术在临床的应用提供参考。

人的全面展开,美的层累突创——略论蒋孔阳美学思想

蒋孔阳着眼于人与现实关系的多维性、复杂性、复合性来揭示人的丰富性,探讨审美现象的多样性,其美学思想海纳百川、融汇中西古今。一方面,蒋孔阳熟稔西方古典和现代美学思想;另一方面,他深入钻研和总结中国古代美学思想和文学艺术实践,从中获得理论新知,进而突破西方美学思想框架,为美学研究注入中华民族智慧和新生机。

无牙颌患者人格特征对面部美学满意度的影响

目的探讨人格特征在无牙颌患者自我面部美学评价中的作用,为提升患者全口义齿修复后的美学满意度提供借鉴。方法随机选取行全口义齿修复治疗的无牙颌患者22例,在治疗前,艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)N量表被用于评估患者的情绪稳定性。在治疗前和治疗后3个月,面部美学评分问卷和三维摄影测量系统(3dMD)被分别应用于评估患者对面部外观的满意度及颌面软组织的变化。此外,利用N量表评分、面部美学测量指标和面部美学评分,建立多重线性回归模型。结果治疗后,患者面中部与面下部的比例与面型正常人群的差值缩小了(3.85±2.63)%,鼻唇角与正常人群的差值缩小了(6.66±5.39)°。多重线性回归模型结果显示:N量表评分及治疗前后面部比例与正常面型差值的变化值均可影响患者正面美学满意度,而N量表评分及鼻唇角与正常面型差值的变化值均可影响患者侧面美学满意度。纳入模型的两个自变量(N量表评分和颌面软组织变化)对于正面和侧面美学满意度的影响均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。其中,N量表评分增加时,患者正面和侧面美学满意度均下降(B<0)。结论人格特征可影响无牙颌患者面部美学满意度,故在全口义齿修复治疗中应为不同人格的患者制定合理的诊疗方案,从而达到提高患者面部美学满意度的目标。

耳软骨移植术在鼻整形中的应用效果研究

目的:探讨耳软骨移植术在鼻部美容中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年2月-2022年2月于笔者医院行鼻整形术就医者82例,随机分为观察组(41例)和对照组(41例)。对照组采用硅胶假体进行鼻整形;观察组采用自体耳软骨移植鼻整形。观察比较两组术前、术后1年的美学指标、并发症发生情况、术后1年就医者对美学效果的满意度。结果:两组就医者术前的鼻尖高度、鼻翼宽度、鼻背长度、鼻尖角、鼻唇角、鼻额角比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1年,两组就医者的鼻尖高度较术前增高,鼻背长度较术前延长,且观察组就医者的鼻尖高度、鼻背长度均高于对照组(P<0.05);术后1年,两组就医者的鼻翼宽度、鼻唇角、鼻尖角、鼻额角较术前减小,且观察组就医者的鼻翼宽度、鼻唇角、鼻尖角、鼻额角均低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组就医者在术后1年间观察组并发症发生率(4.88%)显著低于对照组(19.51%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组对术后1年鼻尖高度、鼻背长度、鼻翼宽度、整体鼻部外形的美学效果满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:耳软骨移植鼻整形术可改善就医者鼻部美学指标,降低术后并发症的发生风险,提升就医者满意度。

20~59岁山西籍个别正常(牙合)上前牙正面观美学指标分析

目的:分析山西籍个别正常(牙合)上前牙正面观美学指标,探讨性别、年龄、牙形、面形对牙齿美学指标的影响,为上前牙美学修复设计提供参考。方法:2022年10月~2023年6月于山西省人民医院体检中心选取20~59岁个别正常(牙合)受试者322例,以10岁为组距,按照年龄等距分为4个年龄组,拍摄其息止颌位正面像与前牙列正面咬合照,观测并记录面形分类与上中切牙形态分类,使用图像处理软件测量上前牙宽度、长度、上中切牙与侧切牙及尖牙间切缘台阶,并计算上中切牙宽长比、上前牙宽度比,分析各测量项目的性别差异与组间差异。结果:男性的W1/L1[0.83(0.10)]显著小于女性[0.86(0.10)](P<0.05)。两性上中切牙形态构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同形态天然上中切牙的宽长比不同[尖圆形、卵圆形、方圆形分别为0.78(0.07)、0.84(0.06)、0.90(0.08)](P<0.001)。40~49岁组的L1[(10.21±0.85) mm]显著大于20~29岁组[(9.84±0.76)mm]与30~39岁组[(9.87±1.01)mm](P<0.05)。女性的上中切牙与侧切牙间切缘台阶、上中切牙与尖牙间切缘台阶[分别为0.92(0.60)、1.32(1.00)mm]均显著大于男性[分别为0.80(0.60)、1.08(1.50)mm](P<0.05)。上中切牙与侧切牙间的切缘台阶从尖圆面形、卵圆面形到方圆面形逐渐减小[分别为1.33(0.38)、0.81(0.23)、0.43(0.95)mm](P<0.001)。关于上中切牙与尖牙间的切缘台阶,尖圆面形最大,其次是卵圆形和方圆形[分别为1.81(0.84)、1.17(0.87)、0.56(0.88)mm](P<0.001)。结论:前牙美学设计时需考虑性别差异的影响,但上中切牙宽长比的两性差异与牙齿形态无关;40~49岁个别正常上中切牙临床冠长度较20~29岁与30~39岁显著增加;前牙切缘台阶的设计应考虑性别差异及面形的影响。

切口设计及修复情况对上前牙美学区显微根尖手术术后牙龈退缩影响的回顾性研究

目的:研究切口类型及修复体对上前牙美学区显微根管外科手术(endodontic microsurgery,EMS)后牙龈退缩的影响。方法:纳入53例上前牙美学区需行EMS患者,术后随访1年以上,分析性别、切口类型(沟内切口;龈乳头基部切口)、修复体情况(无修复体;有修复体)对上前牙美学区根尖手术后牙龈退缩的影响。结果:按纳入标准,共采集53例患牙临床冠及78例龈乳头数据,统计分析表明,术前及术后1年患牙临床冠高度(H1)、龈乳头高度(H2)及切缘龈乳头距离(H3)存在统计学差异(P <0.05)。性别和切口类型对术后牙龈退缩无显著影响。按修复体有无进行分析,临床冠高度变化(ΔH1)及切缘龈乳头距离变化(ΔH3)均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:上前牙美学区患牙显微根尖手术术后存在一定程度牙龈退缩,修复体的存在会使牙龈退缩加重,影响前牙区美学效果。

上颌尖牙转矩结合颊廊对微笑美影响的研究

目的:评价不同上颌尖牙转矩与不同大小的颊廊两两结合后对微笑美的影响。方法:一张成年女性口周微笑相,经过三维数字化模型和图像处理软件拟合,获得49张微笑照片(颊廊调整从0%至30%,间隔5%,尖牙转矩调整从-18°~12°,间隔5°),每张照片赋予相应编号(1~49),打乱照片的顺序将其放在同一相册中,指导60名口腔专业人士和60名非专业人士利用视觉模拟量表对照片的美观程度进行打分。结果用一般线性模型,Kruskal-Wallis检验,Mann-Whitney U检验等统计学方法,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:(1)尖牙转矩与颊廊的交互作用无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)当转矩不变时,改变颊廊对微笑美学的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05),当颊廊为10%~20%时,得分之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),颊廊为15%时,得分最高(P<0.05);(3)当颊廊不变时,绝大多数情况下改变尖牙转矩对微笑美的影响无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:大多数情况下上颌尖牙转矩与颊廊两两结合后并未发现对微笑美有加强或消减的作用,对美观的影响主要取决于颊廊,可接受的范围为10%~20%,且15%时微笑相最佳。

根盾术应用于美学区即刻种植即刻修复1例及文献回顾

目的探讨根盾术(socket⁃shield technique,SST)联合即刻种植即刻修复(immediate implant placement and provisionalization,IIPP)在前牙美学修复中的应用效果。方法针对唇侧骨壁菲薄的上前牙残根,应用根盾术维持唇侧软硬组织丰满度,联合即刻种植即刻临时冠修复恢复牙体外形及进行牙龈塑形。结果即刻种植即刻修复在最短时间内恢复了患牙的形态与功能,应用根盾术后18个月的随访中患者缺牙区唇侧软硬组织轮廓得到较好的保存,呈现出较佳的美学效果。文献回顾结果表明,根盾术的适应证为无保留价值的上前牙,且患牙唇侧牙体、牙周及根尖周组织健康且完整;根盾术可有效维持美学区种植体唇侧软硬组织轮廓,但关于理想根片的冠方高度及厚度、根片与种植体间间隙管理等技术细节尚未达成共识,需要更多临床研究和组织学证据指导临床决策,数字化技术有助于提高种植体植入及根片预备的准确性。结论根盾术联合即刻种植即刻修复在美学区的正确应用有助于美学效果,长期疗效尚需更多高质量的循证医学依据,临床应用时应严格把握适应证。