Comparison of Self-Perception of Esthetics and Orthodontic Treatment Needs among Dental and Non-Dental Students with Assessment by Orthodontist

Objectives: The present study was conducted to compare the self-perception of esthetics and wish for seeking orthodontic treatment among dental and non-dental students. The realistic orthodontic treatment needs were confirmed by expert orthodontist. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 male students (Dental—75, Medical—93 and Pharmacy—87 students). The questionnaire included 20 items covering dental esthetics self-perception (10 questions), self-confidence and psychological impact (5 questions), and the need for seeking orthodontic treatment (5 questions) on a five-point Likert scale. The realistic orthodontic treatment needs were confirmed by photographs using aesthetic component of IOTN and clinical examination for the participants and analysis of jaw models using Dental aesthetic index (DAI). Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA was used to check the significant difference between groups. Results: The overall average esthetic self-perception score for total sample was 3.83. The overall average psychological impact score for the whole sample was 2.67. The total percentage of participants who either agree or strongly agree with the question related to their perception of need for seeking orthodontic treatment was 70%. According to the assessment of orthodontic needs using AC-IOTN, 19.8% required definitive treatment. According to the assessment of orthodontic treatment needs based on DAI, 20.3% and 9.9% needed highly desirable (DAI 31 - 35) and definite need of treatment (DAI ≥ 36) respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was no difference between the esthetic perception of dental and non-dental students. The self-perception for seeking orthodontic treatment was over-reported by participants compared to real requirement as assessed by orthodontic specialist. Dental esthetics has no psychological impact on academic performance and self-confidence as perceived by study participants.

The Aesthetic Inheritance of the Mao Dun Literature Prize in the Flux-Take Xu Mao and His Daughters and A Tale of the Wind as Examples

The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is made between the early generation of Xu Mao and His Daughters and the recent award-winning work,A Tale of the Wind,to discover the aesthetic heritage in its flux,which is enlightening for the literary criticism and an orientation for the literary creators.

Facial microcystic adnexal carcinoma-treatment with a “jigsaw puzzle” advancement flap and immediate esthetic reconstruction: A case report

BACKGROUND Microcystic adnexal carcinoma(MAC)is a rare malignant tumor of the skin that is commonly found on the face.It grows slowly and has a low mortality rate.However,for various reasons,including strong histological invasiveness,clinical inexperience and inadequate procedure design,immediate or permanent facial deformity may occur after surgical operations.CASE SUMMARY This article describes a middle-aged female artist who was diagnosed with MAC on the left upper lip.She declined the recommended treatment plan,which included two-stage reconstruction,skin grafting,or surgery that could have resulted in obvious facial dysfunction or esthetic deformity.We accurately designed a personalized procedure involving a“jigsaw puzzle advancement flap”for the patient based on the lesion location and the estimated area of skin loss.The procedure was successful;both pathological R0 resection and immediate and long-term esthetic reconstruction effects were achieved.CONCLUSION This study suggests that when treating facial MAC or other skin malignancies,a surgical team should have sufficient plastic surgery-related knowledge and skills.An optimal surgical plan for an individual is needed to achieve good facial esthetics and functional recovery and shorten the treatment course.

Immediate implant placement in combination with platelet rich-fibrin into extraction sites with periapical infection in the esthetic zone:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND In this case,platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)was added to guided tissue regeneration as a biomaterial in proper order for immediate planting in aesthetic area with periapical infection.CASE SUMMARY With the history of endodontic failure in maxillary central incisor,a 34-year-old female patient required the extraction of maxillary anterior residual root and immediate implantation.Cone beam computed tomography and clinical observation were used to assess the regeneration of soft and bone tissue.Before operation,cone beam computed tomography showed the anterior residual root had serious periapical periodontitis with insufficient labial bone in the aesthetic zone.The patient underwent immediate implant placement and reconstruction of the bone substitution by modified guided bone regeneration.The barrier was a three-layer structure of PRF-collagen membrane-PRF that covered the mixture of PRF and Bio-Oss to promote both osteogenesis and soft tissue healing.At 6 mo postoperatively,the definitive crown was placed after accomplished finial impression.One-year follow-up showed a satisfactory aesthetic effect with no obvious absorption of the labial bone and soft tissue.CONCLUSION The use of PRF in combination with guided bone regeneration can serve as a reliable and simple adjuvant for immediate implanting in infected socket and result in a stable osteogenic effect with good aesthetic outcome.

Comparative Analysis of Two Methods for the Assessment of Aesthetic Impairment Involving Teeth

Objective: To analyze and compare the effectiveness of two methods designed for the assessment of esthetic impairment in patients with missing teeth. Material and Methods: Two methods were addressed in this study: 7-level scale (7LS) and AIPE-Odonto/Brasil. Both tools are designed to assess esthetic dental impairment in civil and criminal Courts. One-hundred and thirteen dentists used the tools to assess dental esthetic impairment in four mock cases (one male and three females). The outcomes of their analyses were compared with pre-established gold-standard scores. Chi-square test was used to investigate the influence of dentists’ sex, age, time of experience and forensic knowledge with their outcomes. Results: Dentists’ outcomes were closer to the expected gold-standard scores when AIPE-Odonto/Brasil was used compared to 7LS (p < 0.05). Dentists’ sex, time of experience and forensic knowledge were significantly associated with the scores obtained with both tools (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Comparatively, AIPE-Odonto/Brasil was more effective for the assessment of esthetic dental impairment involving missing teeth compared to the 7LS.

The Research of Fine Arts Education with Cultivating Aesthetic Appreciation and Creativity as the Core Quality

In the process of art education and teaching,the improvement of students'aesthetic quality and creative ability is the main goal of art teaching.At the same time,it is also the fundamental basis and direction of teaching.In art teaching,aesthetic education is not only reflected by art skills and teaching basis,but also can not separate aesthetic education from basic knowledge and skills of art education.The cultivation of students'artistic quality and creative ability is the main content of the current development of art education and teaching.Colleges and universities should effectively improve and optimize the teaching courses and teaching contents from the aspects of teaching methods,teaching environment,teaching resources,so as to realize the effective cultivation of students'aesthetic quality and creativity.This paper mainly expounds the significance of cultivating students'aesthetic quality and creative ability,and effectively expounds the methods of improvement,aiming to promote the continuous development and reform of art education in colleges and universities,and improve the level of art education.

Guo Moruo’s Early Esthetics and Western Romanticism

is an initial study of the influence of Western romanti- cism on Guo Moruo’s early esthetic views.Wang and Luo believe that Guo Moruo atthat time from his philosophical perspective on to his literary and artistic opinionswas under the influence of the romantic ideas of such Western poets as Shelley,Goethe,Whitman,Wordsworth and Coleridge,and these laid the foundation for hisearly esthetic views.The literary and artistic theories of such estheticians of thelate nineteenth and early twentieth century as Croce,Bergson,Nietzsche,Freud,Paterand Oscar Wilde as well as Western symbolists and expressionists also had some im-pact on Guo Moruo’s early views.However,since Guo Moruo assimilated theirtheories from his own romantic esthetic perspective,even though their influence addedsome different factors to his early esthetic views,they did not effect any qualitativechange in them.

Perceived aesthetic impact of malocclusion in 16-24 year-old adults in the rural areas of India

Aim:The purpose of this study was to assess the self-perception of patients toward their dental appearance using the aesthetic component(AC)of index of orthodontic treatment need(IOTN)index and whether age and gender had any influence on it.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the perceived esthetic impact of malocclusion in 16–24 year-old subjects selected from the rural population of Faridabad,Haryana,India.The sample was divided into two groups,older adolescents and younger adults,and the AC of the IOTN index was applied.Results:The results showed that most subjects scored themselves as having an attractive dentition with no need for orthodontic treatment(60.91%).Gender-wise differences were not found to be statistically significant in relation to the perceived needs(P=0.095),whereas age-wise differences were found to be statistically significant in relation to the perceived needs(P<0.001).Conclusion:While the age seemed to have an impact on the perceived esthetic impact of malocclusion,the gender did not seemingly influence this self-perception.

现象学视域中的音乐本体意义解读(下)

三、音乐本体意义的现象学视域分析在现象学的视域中分析音乐的本质最终要借助于音乐作品来进行。首先要以胡塞尔现象学中的"本质还原"理论为依据,通过"直观"概念中认知这一方式,去感知、想象、判断音乐中的语言思维和形式逻辑的构建,也就是音乐作品中包含的形式和内容,同时排除音乐中其它非音乐的成分,从而对音乐作品的本质加以把握。那么。

Clinical Application of CAD/CAM Customized Zirconia Abutment in Maxillary Anterior Region

[Objectives]To explore the difference between the CAD/CAM customized zirconia abutment and the finished titanium abutment in the maxillary anterior region.[Methods]A total of 60 implants were selected from 60 patients who had undergone maxillary single anterior implant implantation in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from July 2017 to July 2018.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group(30 patients/group).The observation group used CAD/CAM customized zirconia abutment and all-ceramic crown,while the control group used finished titanium abutment and all-ceramic crown.Twelve months after the crown restoration,mechanical complications,pink esthetic(another spelling of aesthetic)score(PES)and white esthetic score(WES),and patient satisfaction were used as clinical observation indicators to evaluate the restoration effect.[Results]For 12 months after crown restoration,the implant survival rate of the two groups of patients was 100%,and there was no abutment breakage,loosening,falling off,or screw loosening and breakage.The PES and WES of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The patient satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]CAD/CAM customized zirconia abutment implant restoration in the maxillary anterior region can obtain good esthetic restoration effect in a short term,and has good clinical application effect.

爱克丝(Esthet.X)微基质填料光固化复合树脂的临床评价

目的 :本研究是评价Esthet.X微基质修复材料修复恒前牙、恒前磨牙的临床状况。方法 :共修复 4 3位病人 ,1 0 0颗牙。分别在修复后当时、修复后 6个月、修复后 1 2个月依据HB和USPHS改良的方法进行直接临床评价。结果 :在原有病例中 ,只有 87例进行了完整的一年观察。都没有术后反应和牙髓反应。在色泽协调性、表面状况、边缘完整性上 ,R级分别占 94 .2 5 %、95 .4 0 %和 90 .80 %。结论 :Esthet.X有着优良的临床特性和极好的可操作性。加上应用仿真色系 ,使得重塑的修复效果更逼真、更自然 。

旅游概念的哲学辨析

现有的旅游概念存在严重泛化现象,主要问题是没有抓住旅游的本质———异地消遣与审美的愉悦体验,经不住逻辑推敲。利用哲学思维对旅游进行科学辨析,将旅游定义为:“旅游是人们以消遣、审美等精神愉悦为主要目的,到日常生活环境之外的地方旅行和逗留的各种身心体验,它是人们的一种短期异地休闲生活方式和跨文化交流活动”。消遣与审美等愉悦体验是旅游的灵魂和本质,对旅游的认识与定义应抓住本质,否则任何分析与描述都将缺乏解释力,甚至是错误的。

延伸皮尔斯:阿赫提-维科·皮塔里宁教授访谈(英文)

简介：阿赫提一维科·皮塔里宁教授是世界知名的皮尔斯哲学学者。他是芬兰赫尔辛基大学符号学教授、皮尔斯研究中心主任,爱沙尼亚塔林科技大学哲学系主任。作为美国皮尔斯学会执行委员会成员,皮塔里宁教授在皮尔斯符号学理论及其相关方面建树颇丰,具体可参见其代表作《逻辑的符号学：皮尔斯的语言哲学、博弈与交流》（2006）。

文艺美学:走向一种文化批判理论

20世纪90年代以来,随着文艺生存格局的变化和后现代文化思潮的浸润,文艺美学已不满足于对文学艺术的审美阐释,而努力从文化批判的立场拓展文艺美学之美学阐释的精神空间,包括大众文化在内的审美文化,成了文艺美学关注的对象。文艺美学发生了从文学艺术研究向文化批判理论的转向,由此带动了文艺美学人文精神的提升和文化建构功能的强化。

顾拜旦的奥林匹克“唯美“主义——1906年奥林匹克会议关于艺术、文学与体育结合讨论的研究

现代奥林匹克运动之父顾拜旦,由于受到古希腊唯美文化、家庭艺术背景、欧洲现代艺术、欧洲哲学美学理论的影响,成为了奥林匹克应与艺术结缘最积极和最坚定的倡导者。为了加速这一倡导的实现,顾拜旦于1906年5月23日在巴黎发起召开了关于艺术,文学与体育关系的研讨会。顾拜旦邀请了不同领域的专家、学者参与会议。讨论范围涉及了社会、文化、哲学、体育、艺术、美学的话题。大会通过了七项决议。大会一致同意体育应与艺术结合,提高体育的审美价值和艺术氛围。尽管会议决议,从1912年开始的奥林匹克的艺术比赛在1948年终止,但大会的价值为奥林匹克运动奠定了美学理论基础,1906大会具有现代奥林匹克运动发展的里程碑意义。

印度古典主义戏剧的美学特征

本文介绍了印度戏剧的起源;论述了印度古典主义戏剧的三个重要的美学特征,即古典主义戏剧都采取了大团圆的结局,悲剧艺术被排除在戏剧创作之外;古典主义戏剧表现出了强烈的唯美主义、理想主义的审美趣味;古典主义戏剧具有独特的形式美。本文还细致地分析了形成这些美学特征的哲学、宗教等文化原因。

旅游概念新思辨

旅游的定义需要重新认识,现有的旅游概念严重泛化,主要问题是没有抓住旅游的本质——异地消遣与审美的愉悦体验。利用哲学思维对旅游进行科学分析,可以将旅游重新定义。消遣与审美等愉悦体验是旅游的基石,如果抽掉了它,旅游的大厦就会坍塌。对于旅游的认识与定义,如果不抓住本质,任何分析与描述都是缺乏解释力的。

单个前牙缺失的牙种植体修复

随着口腔种植学的不断发展，目前牙种植体修复已开始作为临床上常规的治疗方法之一，应用于从单个中切牙缺失到全口牙列缺失的义齿修复。本文根据作者的临床经验，就单个前牙缺失应用种植体修复时，在术前检查、放射诊断、手术设计、模型分析、笑线评价、粘膜厚度测量、种植体的轴向定位及手术方法等方面进行了研究与探讨。

文学艺术自律——西方唯美主义批评的一个诗学主题

文学艺术自律是唯美主义批评的一个诗学主题。唯美主义批评划定文学艺术活动的独特区域、确立文学艺术的独立性地位,遵循的大致是这样一种逻辑线路:把文学艺术划归为康德所说的"纯粹美"领域,进而从文学艺术不同于功利与道德训诫,文学艺术不同于对世界的认识,文学艺术的本质存在于文学的形式、感官的印象之中三个方面对文学活动的独特性进行界定,从而在人的生命活动这一总的共同的层面上,划界出文学艺术活动的独特区域。

美与生命本性的召唤——中国新诗现代化进程中的邵洵美

作为20世纪中国的唯美主义诗人,邵洵美为中国新诗所引入的美的观念,意义不凡。他力图通过译介西方唯美-颓废主义诗人诗论诗作,为唯美-颓废艺术思想作为一种美学原则而融入中国艺术精神,拨去理论与情感上的迷雾。他对诗的品性的定位,把诗融入了哲学、宗教、历史、思维、心理等人类文化的总体构成里。他所强调的诗的形式要与诗的品性相和谐,把新诗引入了对美的姿态、颜色、形状以及灵魂的凝视。然而,邵洵美对官能享受的率真颂赞,不仅没有为他赢得新诗美学现代性追求的桂冠,反而使他被钉在"颓加荡"的十字架上。