The proliferation of digital payment methods facilitated by various online platforms and applications has led to a surge in financial fraud,particularly in credit card transactions.Advanced technologies such as machin...The proliferation of digital payment methods facilitated by various online platforms and applications has led to a surge in financial fraud,particularly in credit card transactions.Advanced technologies such as machine learning have been widely employed to enhance the early detection and prevention of losses arising frompotentially fraudulent activities.However,a prevalent approach in existing literature involves the use of extensive data sampling and feature selection algorithms as a precursor to subsequent investigations.While sampling techniques can significantly reduce computational time,the resulting dataset relies on generated data and the accuracy of the pre-processing machine learning models employed.Such datasets often lack true representativeness of realworld data,potentially introducing secondary issues that affect the precision of the results.For instance,undersampling may result in the loss of critical information,while over-sampling can lead to overfitting machine learning models.In this paper,we proposed a classification study of credit card fraud using fundamental machine learning models without the application of any sampling techniques on all the features present in the original dataset.The results indicate that Support Vector Machine(SVM)consistently achieves classification performance exceeding 90%across various evaluation metrics.This discovery serves as a valuable reference for future research,encouraging comparative studies on original dataset without the reliance on sampling techniques.Furthermore,we explore hybrid machine learning techniques,such as ensemble learning constructed based on SVM,K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)and decision tree,highlighting their potential advancements in the field.The study demonstrates that the proposed machine learning models yield promising results,suggesting that pre-processing the dataset with sampling algorithm or additional machine learning technique may not always be necessary.This research contributes to the field of credit card fraud detection by emphasizing the potential of employing machine learning models directly on original datasets,thereby simplifying the workflow and potentially improving the accuracy and efficiency of fraud detection systems.展开更多
The integration of the Czech Republic into the process of European space university education formation makes many demands on the higher education system--from creating new legislation and educational conception to ch...The integration of the Czech Republic into the process of European space university education formation makes many demands on the higher education system--from creating new legislation and educational conception to changes in the study programme structure. With regard to the study programme structure, permeability and modular construction of the programme and the actual European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System （ECTS） implementation are some of requirements coming to the fore. The aim of this work is to present an analysis of bachelor study programme Applied Mathematics Structure at the University of Ostrava within the context of the above mentioned requirements.展开更多
欧洲职业教育与培训学分转换系统(European credit(transfer)system for vocational education and training,ECVET)为学习者先前学习所取得的资格证书、文凭和学位进行认证、许可和记录,它聚焦于学习者本人,成功地以知识、技能和能力...欧洲职业教育与培训学分转换系统(European credit(transfer)system for vocational education and training,ECVET)为学习者先前学习所取得的资格证书、文凭和学位进行认证、许可和记录,它聚焦于学习者本人,成功地以知识、技能和能力三个维度对学习者从各种途径所取得的学业成就进行评价。通过对ECVET的内涵、各要素之间的关系及功能、ECVET与欧洲各国职业教育契合度的解析,为我国职业教育学分体系的优化提供一个新视角。展开更多
文摘The proliferation of digital payment methods facilitated by various online platforms and applications has led to a surge in financial fraud,particularly in credit card transactions.Advanced technologies such as machine learning have been widely employed to enhance the early detection and prevention of losses arising frompotentially fraudulent activities.However,a prevalent approach in existing literature involves the use of extensive data sampling and feature selection algorithms as a precursor to subsequent investigations.While sampling techniques can significantly reduce computational time,the resulting dataset relies on generated data and the accuracy of the pre-processing machine learning models employed.Such datasets often lack true representativeness of realworld data,potentially introducing secondary issues that affect the precision of the results.For instance,undersampling may result in the loss of critical information,while over-sampling can lead to overfitting machine learning models.In this paper,we proposed a classification study of credit card fraud using fundamental machine learning models without the application of any sampling techniques on all the features present in the original dataset.The results indicate that Support Vector Machine(SVM)consistently achieves classification performance exceeding 90%across various evaluation metrics.This discovery serves as a valuable reference for future research,encouraging comparative studies on original dataset without the reliance on sampling techniques.Furthermore,we explore hybrid machine learning techniques,such as ensemble learning constructed based on SVM,K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)and decision tree,highlighting their potential advancements in the field.The study demonstrates that the proposed machine learning models yield promising results,suggesting that pre-processing the dataset with sampling algorithm or additional machine learning technique may not always be necessary.This research contributes to the field of credit card fraud detection by emphasizing the potential of employing machine learning models directly on original datasets,thereby simplifying the workflow and potentially improving the accuracy and efficiency of fraud detection systems.
文摘The integration of the Czech Republic into the process of European space university education formation makes many demands on the higher education system--from creating new legislation and educational conception to changes in the study programme structure. With regard to the study programme structure, permeability and modular construction of the programme and the actual European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System （ECTS） implementation are some of requirements coming to the fore. The aim of this work is to present an analysis of bachelor study programme Applied Mathematics Structure at the University of Ostrava within the context of the above mentioned requirements.
文摘欧洲职业教育与培训学分转换系统(European credit(transfer)system for vocational education and training,ECVET)为学习者先前学习所取得的资格证书、文凭和学位进行认证、许可和记录,它聚焦于学习者本人,成功地以知识、技能和能力三个维度对学习者从各种途径所取得的学业成就进行评价。通过对ECVET的内涵、各要素之间的关系及功能、ECVET与欧洲各国职业教育契合度的解析,为我国职业教育学分体系的优化提供一个新视角。
