Purpose: This study investigated the anatomical and histological characteristics of the rat Eustachian tube(E-tube)and the feasibility of Eustachian tubography in a rat model.Materials and methods: Fifteen male Wistar...Purpose: This study investigated the anatomical and histological characteristics of the rat Eustachian tube(E-tube)and the feasibility of Eustachian tubography in a rat model.Materials and methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats were used in this study, and the bilateral E-tubes of each rat were examined. Ten E-tubes were used for anatomical studies, another ten for histological analysis, and the other ten for Eustachian tubography. Five rats were euthanized and decapitated, and ten E-tubes were dissected to describe the anatomy of the E-tube. Ten E-tube specimens obtained from five other rats were sectioned to investigate Etube histology. Eustachian tubography was performed on the bilateral E-tubes of the other five rats using the trans-tympanic approach.Results: The rat E-tubes consisted of bony and membranous parts. Cartilage and bone tissue covered only the bony part. The E-tubes’ mean diameter and overall length were 2.97 mm and 4.96 mm, respectively. The tympanic orifices’ mean diameter was 1.21 mm. The epithelium of E-tubes was mainly composed of pseudostratified ciliated and goblet cells. Eustachian tubography was successfully performed on both sides of the E-tube for each rat.The technical success rate was 100%, the average running time was 4.9 min, and no procedure-related complications occurred. On tubography images, the E-tube, tympanic cavity, and nasopharynx could be identified because of the visualization of bony landmarks.Conclusion: In this study, we described the anatomical and histological features of rat E-tubes. With the aid of these findings, E-tube angiography was successfully performed using a transtympanic approach. These results will facilitate further investigation of E-tube dysfunction.展开更多
Objective: To report outcomes of balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty combined with tympanostomy tube insertion and middle ear pressure equalization therapy in treatment of recurrent secretory otitis media. Methods:...Objective: To report outcomes of balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty combined with tympanostomy tube insertion and middle ear pressure equalization therapy in treatment of recurrent secretory otitis media. Methods: Fifty one patients with recurrent secretory otitis media (62 ears) underwent balloon dilation of Eustachian tube and tympanic tube insertion under general anesthesia, followed by long term middle ear pressure equalization therapies. The Eustachian tube score (ETS) and Eustachian tube function questionnaire (ETDQ-7) were used for pre- and postoperative (up to 12 months) evaluation of Eustachian tube functions. Results: The mean ETS score was 2.34 ± 0.97 preoperatively, and 6.17 ± 1.54, 7.23 ± 1.62, 8.24 ± 1.97, and 7.63 ± 1.86 at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, respectively (P < 0.05). The ETDQ-7 score was 4.82 ± 1.07 preoperatively, and 2.20 ± 0.54, 2.32 ± 0.68, 2.53 ± 0.79, and 2.67 ± 0.76 at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Balloon dilation of Eustachian tube combined with tympanostomy and catheterization resulted in significant improvement of subjective symptoms and objective evaluation of Eustachian tube functions in most patients with recurrent secretory otitis media, as indicated by the ETS and ETDQ-7 scores, demonstrating high levels of efficacy and patient satisfaction.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous surfactant on Eustachian tube opening function. Methods This reasarch measures for the Eustachian tube opening pressure by injection of surface active substance into m...Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous surfactant on Eustachian tube opening function. Methods This reasarch measures for the Eustachian tube opening pressure by injection of surface active substance into middle ear space, studying the effect of surfactant on Eustachian tube opening function. Results It has been showed that the injection of killed streptococcus pneumoneac bacteria by the transtympanic route, successfully developed a secretory otitis media model. Eustachian tube opening pressure in ears with SOM was significantly greater than those without effusion ( P <0.01). Irrigation the middle ear space with surfactant resulted in a dramatic decrease in eustachian tube passive opening pressure in both normal and patients ( P <0.01). Conclusion The results indicate that flushing with exogenous surfactant by the transtympanic rote reduce of eustachian tube surface tension, and it benefits the Eustachian tube opening.展开更多
BACKGROUND Relapsing polychondritis(RP)is a rare inflammatory disease involving the systemic cartilage,such as the auricle,trachea,and bronchiole,among others.A patient with RP shows variable symptoms based on the inv...BACKGROUND Relapsing polychondritis(RP)is a rare inflammatory disease involving the systemic cartilage,such as the auricle,trachea,and bronchiole,among others.A patient with RP shows variable symptoms based on the involved cartilage.CASE SUMMARY A 72-year-old Japanese woman with a history of redness of the bilateral auricles for 3 d was referred to a clinician.The clinician prescribed antibiotics to the patient;however,the symptoms worsened;thus,she was referred to our hospital.Head and neck magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed edematous auricle with remarkable contrast,fluid collection in the bilateral mastoid cells,suggesting otitis media.The eustachian tube(ET)on the right side was also edematous with contrast enhancement.The patient was suspected of RP according to the diagnostic criteria.A biopsy of the auricular cartilage was performed by an otorhinolaryngologist,confirming pathological proof of RP.Treatments with steroids were immediately administered thereafter.CONCLUSION We highlight a rare case of RP with radiologically confirmed involvement of ET in the MRI.展开更多
Objective: To determine Eustachian tube function in tubotympanic type of chronic ear disease and to correlate Eustachian tube function with pathological change in middle ear mucosa. Materials and Methods: A prospectiv...Objective: To determine Eustachian tube function in tubotympanic type of chronic ear disease and to correlate Eustachian tube function with pathological change in middle ear mucosa. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of the cases of tubotympanic type of chronic suppurative otitis media was undertaken. Patients were subjected to clinical examination followed by audiometry tests and impedence audiometry to determine eustachian tube functions. Patients were then subjected to myringoplasty and eustachian tube function were then reassessed post operatively. Results: In our study, out of 30 cases who underwent myringoplasty, 21 cases had successful surgical outcome and 9 cases were failed. Out of 24 cases of good Eustachian tube function, 21 cases had successful surgical outcome intends of taking up graft, absence of otorrhea and improvement in hearing. In remaining 3 cases, there was recurrence of otorrhea with central perforation. All the 6 cases with poor Eustachian tube function had surgical failure. Conclusion: The prognosis of the middle ear reconstructive surgery has direct correlation with Eustachian tube functions and Eustachian tube function tests should be a routine investigation in all the cases planned for surgical reconstruction of the middle ear.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mature teratoma composed of all three basic germ cell layers of the head and neck is a rare disease.Teratomas involving the temporal bone are particularly scarce.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male patient with...BACKGROUND Mature teratoma composed of all three basic germ cell layers of the head and neck is a rare disease.Teratomas involving the temporal bone are particularly scarce.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male patient with a history of chronic otitis of the left ear from infancy,for which he had been operated on twice,was referred to our hospital for chronic otitis,cholesteatoma and a middle ear mass.Computed tomography(CT)scan and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed a eustachian tube teratoma,in which the anterior lower part and posterior upper part were connected by a thin membranaceous tissue.The mass was removed completely under general anesthesia by mastoidectomy.As of last follow-up(2 years post-surgery),the disease had not relapsed.CONCLUSION Pre-operative CT and MRI are necessary for eustachian tube teratoma.Complete surgical resection provided excellent prognosis.展开更多
Introduction: Acute otitis media is an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear cavities. It is often secondary to nasopharyngitis, which favors the passage of infection through the Eustachian tube to the mi...Introduction: Acute otitis media is an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear cavities. It is often secondary to nasopharyngitis, which favors the passage of infection through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear. The aim of our study was to improve the management of AOM in the Paediatric Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry). Patients and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months from 01 July to 31 December 2011;the study covered 525 cases out of a total of 6276 children, i.e. a frequency of 8.36%. Results: The most affected age group was 6 to 11 months. Males predominated (69.71%). 82.29% had a history of recurrent rhinopharyngitis. The most frequent reason for consultation was incessant crying (66.29%). Rhinopharyngitis and malaria were the most commonly associated pathologies (87.62% and 39.62% respectively). 72.19% of our patients were admitted with congestive AOM and received medical treatment. We recorded one case of otomastoiditis which was treated surgically. Conclusion: AOM is more common in children aged between 6 and 24 months. Good collaboration between paediatricians and ENT specialists is essential to reduce the morbidity of AOM.展开更多
The expression and clinical significance of relevant cytokines in otitis media (OM) are discussed, and the alterations to the pathological state of the otitis media mucosa are further understood through the study of c...The expression and clinical significance of relevant cytokines in otitis media (OM) are discussed, and the alterations to the pathological state of the otitis media mucosa are further understood through the study of cytokine transduction pathways. More and more studies have shown that relevant cell proliferation and inflammation progression pathways play a role in the development of otitis media, such as the Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway, which are involved in the proliferation of the middle ear mucosa during otitis media, which affects the mucosal cilia, motor function, Eustachian tube function, and the mucosal ciliary function. These studies provide new ideas for the treatment of otitis media and further explore the feasibility of immunotherapy in the future treatment of otitis media. In this paper, we present a review of the latest research progress on the expression of various cytokines in otitis media.展开更多
目的系统评价咽鼓管球囊扩张联合鼓膜切开置管对慢性复发性分泌性中耳炎的治疗效果。方法在万方,中国知网(CNKI),维普(VIP),中国生物医学文献(CBM),PubMed,Web of science,Cochrane library等中外文数据库中检索自建库以来至2020年3月...目的系统评价咽鼓管球囊扩张联合鼓膜切开置管对慢性复发性分泌性中耳炎的治疗效果。方法在万方,中国知网(CNKI),维普(VIP),中国生物医学文献(CBM),PubMed,Web of science,Cochrane library等中外文数据库中检索自建库以来至2020年3月有关咽鼓管球囊扩张治疗慢性复发性分泌性中耳炎的相关文献。将所有相关文献严格按照纳入排除标准进行筛选,并依据Cochrane文献质量评价表对最终纳入文献进行质量评估。采用Revman 5.3软件对纳入文献的有效率、ETDQ-7评分、骨气导差、平均听阈、声导抗、耳内镜检查、不良反应发生率等结局指标进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入文献14篇,共计14个RCT实验710例患者(790耳),试验组351例患者(395耳),对照组359例患者(395耳)。试验组采用咽鼓管球囊扩张联合鼓膜切开置管,对照组为单纯鼓膜切开置管。Meta分析结果显示:试验组各个随访时间段的有效率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.000 01);在各个随访时间段中,试验组的ETDQ-7评分均低于对照组且差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.000 01);随访1个月及6个月后,两组的骨气导差变化无统计学差异。随访12个月后,试验组患者的骨气导差较对照组改善明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的平均听阈、声导抗及耳内镜检查的改善情况优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05);另外,试验组患者的不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相比单纯鼓膜切开置管,咽鼓管球囊扩张联合鼓膜切开置管对慢性复发性分泌性中耳炎疗效较好,症状改善更明显且不良反应发生率较小。展开更多
基金funding from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, Republic of Korea (HI17C0881)。
文摘Purpose: This study investigated the anatomical and histological characteristics of the rat Eustachian tube(E-tube)and the feasibility of Eustachian tubography in a rat model.Materials and methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats were used in this study, and the bilateral E-tubes of each rat were examined. Ten E-tubes were used for anatomical studies, another ten for histological analysis, and the other ten for Eustachian tubography. Five rats were euthanized and decapitated, and ten E-tubes were dissected to describe the anatomy of the E-tube. Ten E-tube specimens obtained from five other rats were sectioned to investigate Etube histology. Eustachian tubography was performed on the bilateral E-tubes of the other five rats using the trans-tympanic approach.Results: The rat E-tubes consisted of bony and membranous parts. Cartilage and bone tissue covered only the bony part. The E-tubes’ mean diameter and overall length were 2.97 mm and 4.96 mm, respectively. The tympanic orifices’ mean diameter was 1.21 mm. The epithelium of E-tubes was mainly composed of pseudostratified ciliated and goblet cells. Eustachian tubography was successfully performed on both sides of the E-tube for each rat.The technical success rate was 100%, the average running time was 4.9 min, and no procedure-related complications occurred. On tubography images, the E-tube, tympanic cavity, and nasopharynx could be identified because of the visualization of bony landmarks.Conclusion: In this study, we described the anatomical and histological features of rat E-tubes. With the aid of these findings, E-tube angiography was successfully performed using a transtympanic approach. These results will facilitate further investigation of E-tube dysfunction.
基金supported by the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project (Industrial, Academic and Research Collaborative Innovation Project):201803010093the major development projects of sun yat-sen university: 201812281965
文摘Objective: To report outcomes of balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty combined with tympanostomy tube insertion and middle ear pressure equalization therapy in treatment of recurrent secretory otitis media. Methods: Fifty one patients with recurrent secretory otitis media (62 ears) underwent balloon dilation of Eustachian tube and tympanic tube insertion under general anesthesia, followed by long term middle ear pressure equalization therapies. The Eustachian tube score (ETS) and Eustachian tube function questionnaire (ETDQ-7) were used for pre- and postoperative (up to 12 months) evaluation of Eustachian tube functions. Results: The mean ETS score was 2.34 ± 0.97 preoperatively, and 6.17 ± 1.54, 7.23 ± 1.62, 8.24 ± 1.97, and 7.63 ± 1.86 at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, respectively (P < 0.05). The ETDQ-7 score was 4.82 ± 1.07 preoperatively, and 2.20 ± 0.54, 2.32 ± 0.68, 2.53 ± 0.79, and 2.67 ± 0.76 at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Balloon dilation of Eustachian tube combined with tympanostomy and catheterization resulted in significant improvement of subjective symptoms and objective evaluation of Eustachian tube functions in most patients with recurrent secretory otitis media, as indicated by the ETS and ETDQ-7 scores, demonstrating high levels of efficacy and patient satisfaction.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous surfactant on Eustachian tube opening function. Methods This reasarch measures for the Eustachian tube opening pressure by injection of surface active substance into middle ear space, studying the effect of surfactant on Eustachian tube opening function. Results It has been showed that the injection of killed streptococcus pneumoneac bacteria by the transtympanic route, successfully developed a secretory otitis media model. Eustachian tube opening pressure in ears with SOM was significantly greater than those without effusion ( P <0.01). Irrigation the middle ear space with surfactant resulted in a dramatic decrease in eustachian tube passive opening pressure in both normal and patients ( P <0.01). Conclusion The results indicate that flushing with exogenous surfactant by the transtympanic rote reduce of eustachian tube surface tension, and it benefits the Eustachian tube opening.
文摘BACKGROUND Relapsing polychondritis(RP)is a rare inflammatory disease involving the systemic cartilage,such as the auricle,trachea,and bronchiole,among others.A patient with RP shows variable symptoms based on the involved cartilage.CASE SUMMARY A 72-year-old Japanese woman with a history of redness of the bilateral auricles for 3 d was referred to a clinician.The clinician prescribed antibiotics to the patient;however,the symptoms worsened;thus,she was referred to our hospital.Head and neck magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed edematous auricle with remarkable contrast,fluid collection in the bilateral mastoid cells,suggesting otitis media.The eustachian tube(ET)on the right side was also edematous with contrast enhancement.The patient was suspected of RP according to the diagnostic criteria.A biopsy of the auricular cartilage was performed by an otorhinolaryngologist,confirming pathological proof of RP.Treatments with steroids were immediately administered thereafter.CONCLUSION We highlight a rare case of RP with radiologically confirmed involvement of ET in the MRI.
文摘Objective: To determine Eustachian tube function in tubotympanic type of chronic ear disease and to correlate Eustachian tube function with pathological change in middle ear mucosa. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of the cases of tubotympanic type of chronic suppurative otitis media was undertaken. Patients were subjected to clinical examination followed by audiometry tests and impedence audiometry to determine eustachian tube functions. Patients were then subjected to myringoplasty and eustachian tube function were then reassessed post operatively. Results: In our study, out of 30 cases who underwent myringoplasty, 21 cases had successful surgical outcome and 9 cases were failed. Out of 24 cases of good Eustachian tube function, 21 cases had successful surgical outcome intends of taking up graft, absence of otorrhea and improvement in hearing. In remaining 3 cases, there was recurrence of otorrhea with central perforation. All the 6 cases with poor Eustachian tube function had surgical failure. Conclusion: The prognosis of the middle ear reconstructive surgery has direct correlation with Eustachian tube functions and Eustachian tube function tests should be a routine investigation in all the cases planned for surgical reconstruction of the middle ear.
基金Shandong Province Key Research and Development Program Project,No.2018GSF118041Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Plan,No.2017WS740.
文摘BACKGROUND Mature teratoma composed of all three basic germ cell layers of the head and neck is a rare disease.Teratomas involving the temporal bone are particularly scarce.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male patient with a history of chronic otitis of the left ear from infancy,for which he had been operated on twice,was referred to our hospital for chronic otitis,cholesteatoma and a middle ear mass.Computed tomography(CT)scan and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed a eustachian tube teratoma,in which the anterior lower part and posterior upper part were connected by a thin membranaceous tissue.The mass was removed completely under general anesthesia by mastoidectomy.As of last follow-up(2 years post-surgery),the disease had not relapsed.CONCLUSION Pre-operative CT and MRI are necessary for eustachian tube teratoma.Complete surgical resection provided excellent prognosis.
文摘Introduction: Acute otitis media is an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear cavities. It is often secondary to nasopharyngitis, which favors the passage of infection through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear. The aim of our study was to improve the management of AOM in the Paediatric Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry). Patients and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months from 01 July to 31 December 2011;the study covered 525 cases out of a total of 6276 children, i.e. a frequency of 8.36%. Results: The most affected age group was 6 to 11 months. Males predominated (69.71%). 82.29% had a history of recurrent rhinopharyngitis. The most frequent reason for consultation was incessant crying (66.29%). Rhinopharyngitis and malaria were the most commonly associated pathologies (87.62% and 39.62% respectively). 72.19% of our patients were admitted with congestive AOM and received medical treatment. We recorded one case of otomastoiditis which was treated surgically. Conclusion: AOM is more common in children aged between 6 and 24 months. Good collaboration between paediatricians and ENT specialists is essential to reduce the morbidity of AOM.
文摘The expression and clinical significance of relevant cytokines in otitis media (OM) are discussed, and the alterations to the pathological state of the otitis media mucosa are further understood through the study of cytokine transduction pathways. More and more studies have shown that relevant cell proliferation and inflammation progression pathways play a role in the development of otitis media, such as the Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway, which are involved in the proliferation of the middle ear mucosa during otitis media, which affects the mucosal cilia, motor function, Eustachian tube function, and the mucosal ciliary function. These studies provide new ideas for the treatment of otitis media and further explore the feasibility of immunotherapy in the future treatment of otitis media. In this paper, we present a review of the latest research progress on the expression of various cytokines in otitis media.
