Believing processes during the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals with bipolar disorder:An exploratory study

BACKGROUND Believing or“credition”refers to psychological processes that integrate the cognitions and emotions that influence our behavior.In the credition model by Angel and Seitz,four parameters are postulated:proposition,certainty,emotion and mightiness.It is assumed that believing processes are influenced by both the individual as well as socio-cultural factors and external circumstances.External or environmental circumstances can include threatening situations such as the ongoing pandemic.It has been hypothesized that believing processes related to the pandemic differ between individuals with bipolar disorder(BD)and healthy controls(HC).AIM To investigate credition in individuals with BD during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.METHODS Psychiatrically stable individuals with BD(n=52)and age-and sex matched HC(n=52)participated in an online survey during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic.The survey took place between April 9^(th) and June 4^(th),2020,in Austria.Participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory-18,the Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ,the Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a dedicated Believing Questionnaire assessing four parameters of credition(proposition,certainty,emotion and mightiness).The MAXQDA software was used to analyze the qualitative data.Statistical analyses included analyses of variance,a multivariate analysis of variance and a multivariate analysis of co-variance.RESULTS Individuals with BD reported significantly more negative propositions[F(1,102)=8.89,P=0.004,η2 p=0.08]and negative emotions[Welch´s F(1,82.46)=18.23,P<0.001,η2 p=0.18],while HC showed significantly more positive propositions[F(1,102)=7.78,P=0.006,η2 p=0.07]and emotions[F(1,102)=14.31,P<0.001,η2 p=0.12].In addition,individuals with BD showed a higher incongruence between their propositions and their emotions[F(1,102)=9.42,P=0.003,η2 p=0.08]and showed strong correlations between the parameters of the Believing Questionnaire and their psychiatric symptoms(r=0.51-0.77,all P<0.001).Positive as well as negative emotions and propositions were associated with scores measuring symptoms of depression,anxiety and sleep quality.CONCLUSION Believing parameters were associated with psychiatric symptoms in BD during the pandemic.Findings broaden knowledge about the susceptibility of believing processes for ambient challenges in individuals with BD.

A STUDY ON ECONOMY EVALUATION ON THE PROFIT AND LOSS OF GEOLOGIC ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ABOUT GEOLOGIC ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLOITATION PROJECT

The problems of environmental geology refer to the geologic phenomena, incidents or accidents arising from action of environmental geology. The action is mainly the mutual influence between human activity and geologic environment. When human activity is uncoordinated with objective laws of the geologic environment, the problems of environmental geology or economic loss would occur.Therefore,the level and the changing orientation of geologic environmental quality are relative to the types of human activity,particularly relative to human intentional-activities of geologic environmental exploitation project. The geologic environment fitting to mining may not fit to urban construction,and fitting to water conservancy and hydroelectric projects may not fit to communication,and so on.Economy evaluation on the profit and loss of geologic environmental quality is exactly to depict the level of the profit and loss of geologic environmental quality about geologic environmental exploitation projects and the

Assessment tools of nursing work environment in magnet hospitals: A review

In the 1990s,the American Nurses Association established a certification program called the Magnet Recognition Program through the American Nurses Credentialing Centre(ANCC)to complement the quality care provided to patients by hospitals.After the program was recognised,hospitals were identified as magnet hospitals[1].Some studies show that magnet hospitals provide a healthier working environment for nurses,accompanied by higher nurse satisfaction and better patient prognosis than non-magnet hospitals[2e5].The nursing work environment is the sum of various elements that directly or indirectly affect the patient care system[6].Improving the nursing work environment is a focal point and challenge for nursing administrators.Therefore,administrators in magnet hospitals usually apply a variety of assessment tools for effective evaluation of the nursing work environment to maintain and improve the health of the environment.

COMPARISON OF INFRARED LIGHTSCANNING AND MAMMOGRAPHY IN BREAST CANCER DETECTION

Purpose: This study is in an attempt to assess the diagnostic accuracy of infrared lightscanning by comparing with that of mammograpby- Methods: A total of 104 patients had been examined by both mammography and infrared lightscanning before surgery.All Patients were divided into two groups: cancer and non cancer. The diagnostic accuracy of these two modalities were calculated. Results: Of 104 Patients, 43 had breast cancer and 61 had benign lesions, the sensitivity and specificity for mammography were 84% and 83%, 82% and 77% for infrared lightscanning. The predictive values of positivity for mammograpby and lightscanning were 80% and 70%, the negative Predictive value for these two modalities were both 87%. Conclusion: Infrared lightscanning,being of assistance to mammography, could enhance sensitivity and predictive values of positivity in detecting breast cancer, especially, in mammographically dense breast.

A Review of Evaluation Studies on Tourism Suitability

In order to fully understand the development trends and achievements of tourism suitability evaluation at home and abroad, this paper reviews the relevant literature of tourism suitability evaluation from five aspects-tourism climate, tourism environment, tourism resources, tourism destination and evaluation indicator, and gives discussions.

A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY USING REMOVING BLOOD STASIS HERBALS FOR PATIENTS WITH INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE OF HYPERACUTE STAGE AND RELATIVE FACTORS OF HEMATOMA ENLARGEMENT(A MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO

The aim was to investigate whether using a removing blood stasis method in hyperacute intracranial hemorrhage stage can lead to hematoma enlargement and its clinical efficacy.A multicenter retrospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study.We recruited patients aged 18 years or older and presenting at less than 6 h from symptom onset in 8 research centers.All the patients

Evaluation of Child Health by Basic Indicators of Health:Historical Series 2005-2014

The continuous assessment of child health services generates knowledge about the real needs of health services and actions in order to achieve better results and indicators. Thus, this study proposes to analyze child health indicators, based on the information systems of health services. This is a descriptive, ecological epidemiological study carried out using secondary data from the following information systems: Information System on Live Births and Mortality Information System, in a historical series of ten years (2005-2014) of the state of Rio Grande do Norte and its health micro regions. It was observed a decrease in infant, neonatal, preterm, late neonatal and postnatal mortality coefficients when compared to the first and last year of the observed period, as well as the concentration of these in micro-regions of health. There was also a positive association between the early neonatal component and infant death. In this perspective, it is important to evaluate the quality of prenatal care, childbirth, puerperium, the first week of integral health and follow-up of the child’s growth and development, as well as to relate the socio-demographic conditions that may be associated with infant morbimortality. Therefore, the importance of situational health assessment studies for the effectiveness of care provided is highlighted, identifying weaknesses and monitoring the effectiveness of strategies.

PANCREATO-BILIARY TUMOR: MR DIAGNOSIS AND RESECTABILITY ASSESSMENT

Objective: TO evaluate the clinical value of MR multi-imaging technique in diagnosing and assessing the resectability of pancreato-biliary tumor. Methods The prospective diagnosis and resectability of 17 patients with suspicious pancreato-biliary tumors were evaluated. Surgical findings and pathologic results confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma in 11 cases, cholangiocarcinoma in 4, and non-neoplastic lesion in 2. MR multi-imaging protocol, including MR cross-sectional imaging, us cholangiopancreatography (MRCP ), and three-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced MR portography (3D DCE MRP), were performed in all patients. Results MR multi-imaging technique allowed-correct diagnosing 15 of 17 (88. 2% ) patients with pancreato-biliary tumors. The accuracy in detecting the range of tumor invasion was 64. 4%. The sensitivity, speificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive value of MR multi-imaging technique in assessing the resectability of pancreato-biliary tumors were 83. 3%, 77. 8%, 80. 0%, 71. 4%, and 87. 5%, respectively. Conclusion MR multi-imaging technique can not only improve the diagnostic ability of pancreato-biliary tumor, but also assess the surgical reartability of the tumor. With the fast development of MR techniques, the diagnosing and pre-operative assessment of aoncreato-biliary tumor may be more simplified and efficient by using the non-invasive "all-in-one" method.

Ecological Evaluation of Urban Development-A Case Study of the Pearl River Delta

Recent rapid industrialization and urbanization in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) is character-ized by broad geographical dispersion, diversities of scales and technological levels, and the proliferation of small-scale township and individual enterprises. Such a pattern of fast development has brought widespread environmental perturbation that is becoming difficult to contain or control. This study surveys the present environmental status in urban areas of PRD, assesses the trends of environmental quality, and evaluates the ecological impacts of development in the region.

Reference intervals for common thyroid function tests, during different stages of pregnancy in Chinese women

Background The importance of diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy has been widely recognized. Our study was designed to compare two different detection reagents between Abbott and Roche and to establish the gestational- related reference intervals for thyroid function tests （TFT） in Chinese women and to assay the reference ranges with the American Thyroid Association recommended standard. Methods Serum samples were collected from 693 normal pregnant Chinese women and divided into five groups according to their gestational age： 9-13, 16-20, 24-28, 32-34 and 37-40 weeks. Thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH） and free thyroxine （FT4） levels were determined by two different detection reagents： Abbott Architect 1 2000 and Roche Cobas Elecsys 600. The reference ranges of the TFT indexes were calculated according to the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry （NACB）. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of each stage were calculated, and the results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variances, t-test, and Spearman correlation analysis. Results Thyroid hormone levels varied greatly among different gestational stages. TSH levels, as assessed via two different TSH ELISA kits showed consistent changing pattern during pregnancy and displayed linear correlation （P 〈0.001）. In 9-13 gestational weeks, TSH levels were significantly lower than that of other groups; and in 37-40 gestational weeks, it was higher than that of other groups （all P 〈0.001）. TSH reference ranges determined by Roche detection reagent in each group were higher than those by Abbott detection reagent （P 〈0.01 respectively）. FT4 levels were higher in 9-13 gestational weeks than that of other groups （P 〈0.001）. FT4 levels determined by Roche reagent were higher than Abbott reagent in 9-13 weeks, （P 〈0.001）, and lower in 24-28 and 37-40 weeks （P 〈0.001 and P=0.016, respectively）. The TSH level was correlated with FT4 levels in 9-13 gestational weeks by detection reagents （for Abbott reagent, r=-0.319 for FT4 P 〈0.001; for Roche reagent, t=-0.352 for FT4, P 〈0.001）. Conclusion Accurate evaluation of TFT in pregnant women should be based on the gestational-related reference intervals in Chinese population, and different detection reagents should also establish their own reference intervals.

Exploration of Clinical Regularity in Acupuncture for Apoplexy Sequelae Based upon ‘Traditional Chinese Medical Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Databank'

In review of acupuncture literature from 1949 to 2010, in accordance with the data in ‘Traditional Chinese Medical Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Databank', the accounting analysis was used for comprehensive analysis and regularity summery of acupuncture therapy for apoplexy sequelae. The results showed that Hegu(LI 4), Zusanli(ST 36), Quchi(LI 11), Jianyu(LI 15), Sanyinjiao(SP 6), Yanglingquan(GB 34), Lianquan(CV 23), and Waiguan(TE 5) were used at the highest frequency. In the therapeutic methods, acupuncture was used at the highest frequency, followed by scalp acupuncture, and simultaneous application of acupuncture and herbal medicine.

Analysis of the Frequency of Clinical Acupoint Use Based on ‘Traditional Chinese Medical Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Databank'

The frequencies of use of 361 human acupoints in 74 academic journals of traditional Chinese medicine published between 1949 and 2010 are arranged in order using ‘Traditional Chinese Medical Acupuncturemoxibustion Information Databank'. The frequencies of use are divided into five grades: most frequent use, more frequent use, frequent use, less frequent use and infrequent use. The most frequently used acupoints and infrequently used acupoints are summarized and analyzed to help point selection for clinical acupuncture and selection of acupuncture research projects in the future.

A scoping review on the field validation and implementation of rapid diagnostic tests for vector-borne and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban areas

Background:Health personnel face challenges in diagnosing vector-borne and other diseases of poverty in urban settings.There is a need to know what rapid diagnostic technologies are available,have been properly assessed,and are being implemented to improve control of these diseases in the urban context.This paper characterizes evidence on the field validation and implementation in urban areas of rapid diagnostics for vector-borne diseases and other diseases of poverty.Main body:A scoping review was conducted.Peer-reviewed and grey literature were searched using terms describing the targeted infectious diseases,diagnostics evaluations,rapid tests,and urban setting.The review was limited to studies published between 2000 and 2016 in English,Spanish,French,and Portuguese.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were refined post hoc to identify relevant literature regardless of study design and geography.A total of 179 documents of the 7806 initially screened were included in the analysis.Malaria(n=100)and tuberculosis(n=47)accounted for the majority of studies that reported diagnostics performance,impact,and implementation outcomes.Fewer studies,assessing mainly performance,were identified for visceral leishmaniasis(n=9),filariasis and leptospirosis(each n=5),enteric fever and schistosomiasis(each n=3),dengue and leprosy(each n=2),and Chagas disease,human African trypanosomiasis,and cholera(each n=1).Reported sensitivity of rapid tests was variable depending on several factors.Overall,specificities were high(>80%),except for schistosomiasis and cholera.Impact and implementation outcomes,mainly acceptability and cost,followed by adoption,feasibility,and sustainability of rapid tests are being evaluated in the field.Challenges to implementing rapid tests range from cultural to technical and administrative issues.Conclusions:Rapid diagnostic tests for vector-borne and other diseases of poverty are being used in the urban context with demonstrated impact on case detection.However,most evidence comes from malaria rapid diagnostics,with variable results.While rapid tests for tuberculosis and visceral leishmaniasis require further implementation studies,more evidence on performance of current tests or development of new alternatives is needed for dengue,Chagas disease,filariasis,leptospirosis,enteric fever,human African trypanosomiasis,schistosomiasis and cholera.

Research methods in complementary and alternative medicine： an integrative review

The scientific literature presents a modest amount ot evidence m the use or complementary ana al[erna- tire medicine （CAM）. On the other hand, in practice, relevant results are common. The debates among CAM practitioners about the quality and execution of scientific research are important, Therefore, the aim of this review is to gather, synthesize and describe the differentiated methodological models that encompass the complexity of therapeutic interventions. The process of bringing evidence-based medicine into clinical practice in CAM is essential for the growth and strengthening of complementary medicines worldwide.

Evaluation of Sick Sinus Syndrome by Holter Monitoring and Follow-up Studies

In 95 patients (55 men and 40 women .aged 20 to 84 years )with sick sinus syndrome (SSS).24-hour monitoring

Studies on the characteristics of Barkhausen emission and evaluation of the critical fields for domain wall notion in nickel

Acoustic Barkhausen Emission (ABE) and Electromagnetic Barkhausen Emission (EBE) have been measured. Explanations of the response of nickel to an applied magnetic field are considered using energy density diagrams and critical fields deduced using Kersten's modified theory. These theoretical models are correlated with ABE and EBE measurements, providing further confirmation of the origins of ABE being non-180° domain wall motion. This paper also shows that the motion of domain walls, on increasing the magnetising fields from saturation to satu -ration, follows the sequence of 71°-180° - 109°. Values of critical fields correponding to 71°, 180° and 109° wall motions in nickel are determined using these techniques .