An NMOS output-capacitorless low-dropout regulator with dynamic-strength event-driven charge pump

In this paper,an NMOS output-capacitorless low-dropout regulator(OCL-LDO)featuring dual-loop regulation has been proposed,achieving fast transient response with low power consumption.An event-driven charge pump(CP)loop with the dynamic strength control(DSC),is proposed in this paper,which overcomes trade-offs inherent in conventional structures.The presented design addresses and resolves the large signal stability issue,which has been previously overlooked in the event-driven charge pump structure.This breakthrough allows for the full exploitation of the charge-pump structure's poten-tial,particularly in enhancing transient recovery.Moreover,a dynamic error amplifier is utilized to attain precise regulation of the steady-state output voltage,leading to favorable static characteristics.A prototype chip has been fabricated in 65 nm CMOS technology.The measurement results show that the proposed OCL-LDO achieves a 410 nA low quiescent current(IQ)and can recover within 30 ns under 200 mA/10 ns loading change.

Event-driven process execution model for process virtual machine

Current orchestration and choreography process engines only serve with dedicate process languages.To solve these problems,an Event-driven Process Execution Model(EPEM) was developed.Formalization and mapping principles of the model were presented to guarantee the correctness and efficiency for process transformation.As a case study,the EPEM descriptions of Web Services Business Process Execution Language(WS-BPEL) were represented and a Process Virtual Machine(PVM)-OncePVM was implemented in compliance with the EPEM.

Optimal switching policy for performance enhancement of distributed parameter systems based on event-driven control

This paper aims to improve the performance of a class of distributed parameter systems for the optimal switching of actuators and controllers based on event-driven control. It is assumed that in the available multiple actuators, only one actuator can receive the control signal and be activated over an unfixed time interval, and the other actuators keep dormant. After incorporating a state observer into the event generator, the event-driven control loop and the minimum inter-event time are ultimately bounded. Based on the event-driven state feedback control, the time intervals of unfixed length can be obtained. The optimal switching policy is based on finite horizon linear quadratic optimal control at the beginning of each time subinterval. A simulation example demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed policy.

Smart home architecture based on event-driven DPWS～+

With the advances of electronic information technology and computer network, especially the embedded technology, smart home is no more just a vision but being practical. The interoperability of heterogeneous devices and flexibility of devices＇ usage are two key problems that challenge the implementation of smart home. To deal with these two issues, this paper proposes an event-driven service oriented architecture using device profile for web services （DPWS）. DPWS inherits the advantages of the traditional web services in achieving interoperability without dependence on platform, while improving service discovery and security as well as being optimized for deploying on resource constrained devices. By providing a visual interface for describing a service workflow （SW）, the user can easily customize the actions of devices by services composition. Devices automatically cooperate without user＇s intervention to complete required business logic. This is achieved by fully exploiting the eventing capabilities on DPWS enabled home devices. Finally, a home theater scenario is given to illustrate the event driven mechanism for the SW in the proposed smart home framework.

An Approach to Event-Driven Software Testing

In this paper, the testing technology of event-driven software is focused. It is first analyzed the difference between event-driven software and the traditional procedure-oriented software, and based on the above analysis, the mechanism of event-driven and the effect of introduction of event-driven mechanism on software testing are unveiled. Then based on the characteristic of the event-driven software, the traditional software testing method is improved, and testing policy of event based test is presented in this paper.Moreover the event coverage criteria are defined and given here. At the same time the event executing rule are further uncovered, such as ordinal event, non-ordinal event, predecessor event and concurrent event etc., and also the methods of testing according to event executing rule are studied.

EVENT-DRIVEN SIMULATION OF INTEGRATE-AND-FIRE MODELS WITH SPIKE-FREQUENCY ADAPTATION

The evoked spike discharges of a neuron depend critically on the recent history of its electrical activity. A well-known example is the phenomenon of spike-frequency adaptation that is a commonly observed property of neurons. In this paper, using a leaky integrate-and-fire model that includes an adaptation current, we propose an event-driven strategy to simulate integrate-and-fire models with spike-frequency adaptation. Such approach is more precise than traditional clock-driven numerical integration approach because the timing of spikes is treated exactly. In experiments, using event-driven and clock-driven strategies we simulated the adaptation time course of single neuron and the random network with spike-timing dependent plasticity, the results indicate that （1） the temporal precision of spiking events impacts on neuronal dynamics of single as well as network in the different simulation strategies and （2） the simulation time in the event-driven simulation strategies. scales linearly with the total number of spiking events

Event-driven Dynamic and Intelligent Scheduling for Agile Manufacturing Based on Immune Mechanism and Expert System

Based on the biological immune concept, immune response mechanism and expert system, a dynamic and intelligent scheduling model toward the disturbance of the production such as machine fault,task insert and cancel etc. Is proposed. The antibody generation method based on the sequence constraints and the coding rule of antibody for the machining procedure is also presented. Using the heuristic antibody generation method based on the physiology immune mechanism, the validity of the scheduling optimization is improved, and based on the immune and expert system under the event-driven constraints, not only Job-shop scheduling problem with multi-objective can be solved, but also the disturbance of the production be handled rapidly. A case of the job-shop scheduling is studied and dynamic optimal solutions with multi-objective function for agile manufacturing are obtained in this paper. And the event-driven dynamic rescheduling result is compared with right-shift rescheduling and total rescheduling.

Event-driven timing system based on MRF cPCI hardware for HLS-II

Hefei Light Source(HLS)-II is a vacuum ultraviole(VUV) synchrotron light source. A major upgrade of the light source was finished at the end of 2014. The timing system was rebuilt using compact peripheral component interconnect(cPCI) event-driven hardware to meet synchronization requirements of the machine. In the new system, the c PCI event-driven products manufactured by the micro-research finland(MRF) Oy are employed to achieve about 100 output signals with different interfaces. Device supports and drivers developed for common Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System(EPICS) records are used to access the registers on the timing modules. Five c PCI-bus input/output controllers(IOCs) distributed in different areas of the light source host timing modules for various subsystems. The delay resolution of this system is 9.8 ns for most channels and 9 ps for the channels used for triggering the electron gun and the injection kickers. The measured rms jitter of the output signal is less than 27 ps. Using the bucket chooser, this system enables the HLS-II to fill the storage ring with any designated bunch pattern. Benefitting from this upgrade, brightness and performance of the light source are significantly improved.

Interference-Aware Multipath Routing Protocol for QoS Improvement in Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks

The existing multipath routing protocols for wireless sensor networks demonstrate the efficacy of traffic distribution over multiple paths to fulfill the Quality of Service （QoS） requirements of different applications. However, the performance of these protocols is highly affected by the characteristics of the wireless channel and may be even inferior to the performance of single-path approaches. Specifically, when multiple adjacent paths are being used concurrently, the broadcast nature of wireless channels results in inter-path interference which significantly degrades end-to-end throughput. In this paper, we propose a Low- Interference Energy-efficient Multipath Routing protocol （LIEMRO） to improve the QoS requirements of event-driven applications. In addition, in order to optimize resource utilization over the established paths, LIEMRO employs a quality-based load balancing algorithm to regulate the amount of traffic injected into the paths. The performance gain of LIEMRO compared to the ETX-based single-path routing protocol is 85%, 80%, and 25% in terms of data delivery ratio, end-to-end throughput, and network lifetime, respectively. Furthermore, the end-to-end latency is improved more than 60%.

The event-driven paradigm for control,communication and optimization

The event-driven paradigm offers an alternative to the time-driven paradigm for modelling,sampling,estimation,control and optimization.This has come about largely as a consequence of systems being increasingly networked,wireless and consisting of distributed communicating components.The key idea is that control actions need not be dictated by time steps taken by a“clock”;rather,an action should be triggered by an“event”which may be a well-defined condition on the system state,including the possibility of a simple time step,or a random state transition.We provide an overview of recent developments in event-driven approaches and focus on two areas to illustrate their value.First,in distributed systems,we describe how event-driven,rather than synchronous,communication can guarantee convergence in cooperative distributed optimization while provably maintaining optimality.Second,in hybrid systems where events naturally decompose state trajectories into different discrete states(modes),we review the theory of infinitesimal perturbation analysis(IPA)which offers an event-driven“IPA calculus”for evaluating(or estimating in the case of stochastic systems)gradients of performance metrics,thus facilitating the solution of a large class of control and optimization problems.

Proportional Current Sharing Based on Periodic Dynamic Event-driven H_(∞) Consensus in DC Microgrids with Power Coupling

Although the proportional current sharing has been widely studied,the heterogeneous characteristic of the different interfaced converters and power coupling terms among distributed generators(DGs)are rarely considered.Therefore,this paper proposes a secondary H_(∞)consensus method with a periodic dynamic event-driven scheme for dc microgrids with power coupling to accomplish the precise proportional current-sharing.It is useful for reducing carbon.First,a generalized converter is constructed through equivalent transformation between rectifier and boost converter.Moreover,the heterogeneous characteristic of the interfaced converters regarding different DGs,such as wind and solar generators,is embedded into controller design.Furthermore,the standard linear heterogeneous multi-agent system with power coupling term is built.On this basis,the problem of proportional current sharing is modified into the output consistency problem of multi-agent systems.Furthermore,the H_(∞)consensus approach is proposed to accomplish the precise proportional current sharing.Meanwhile,to shorten communication bandwidth,the periodic dynamic event-driven communication strategy is designed.Compared with traditional event-driven communication schemes,a lower communication frequency has been obtained through the proposed communication scheme.In addition,this communication scheme not only avoids Zeno-behavior,but also acquires the smallest sampling time interval.Finally,effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by two test systems.

Efficient Sampling in Event-Driven Algorithms for Reaction-Diffusion Processes

In event-driven algorithms for simulation of diffusing,colliding,and reacting particles,new positions and events are sampled from the cumulative distribution function(CDF)of a probability distribution.The distribution is sampled frequently and it is important for the efficiency of the algorithm that the sampling is fast.The CDF is known analytically or computed numerically.Analytical formulas are sometimes rather complicated making them difficult to evaluate.The CDF may be stored in a table for interpolation or computed directly when it is needed.Different alternatives are compared for chemically reacting molecules moving by Brownian diffusion in two and three dimensions.The best strategy depends on the dimension of the problem,the length of the time interval,the density of the particles,and the number of different reactions.

A Hybrid Algorithm of Event-Driven and Time-Driven Methods for Simulations of Granular Flows

The classical discrete element approach(DEM)based on Newtonian dynamics can be divided into two major groups,event-driven methods(EDM)and timedriven methods(TDM).Generally speaking,TDM simulations are suited for cases with high volume fractions where there are collisions between multiple objects.EDM simulations are suited for cases with low volume fractions from the viewpoint of CPU time.A method combining EDM and TDM called Hybrid Algorithm of event-driven and time-driven methods(HAET)is presented in this paper.The HAET method employs TDM for the areas with high volume fractions and EDM for the remaining areas with low volume fractions.It can decrease the CPU time for simulating granular flows with strongly non-uniform volume fractions.In addition,a modified EDM algorithm using a constant time as the lower time step limit is presented.Finally,an example is presented to demonstrate the hybrid algorithm.

An event-driven dynamic updating method for 3D geo-databases

With the rapid development of 3D Digital City, the focus of research has shifted from 3D city modeling and geo-database construction to 3D geo-database service and maintenance. The frequent modifications on geometry, texture, attribute, and topology present a great challenge to the 3D geo-database updating.This article proposes an event-driven spatiotemporal database model (ESDM) that combines the historical and present 3D city models with the semantic classification and state expression, triggered by changing events predefined. In addition, a corresponding dynamic updating method based on adaptive matching algorithm is presented to perform the dynamic updating operation for the complex 3D city models automatically, according to the compound matching of semantics, attributes, and spatial locations. finally, the validity and feasibility of the proposed ESDM and its updating method are demonstrated through a 3D geo-database with more than 1.5 million 3D city models.

考虑源荷不确定性及用户响应行为的电力系统低碳经济调度

电力系统是未来实现碳中和目标的重要领域,随着源-荷不确定性的加剧,基于确定性模型的低碳经济调度方法无法准确描述不确定因素对碳排放的影响。针对上述问题,该文首先从系统层面构建考虑不确定性的低碳鲁棒优化模型,利用概率模型对源荷不确定因素进行建模,并采用机会约束对目标满足期望的显著性水平进行描述,通过最大化不确定因素的置信水平得出风险规避策略下的鲁棒调度方案。接着从用户层面构建基于事件驱动的用户低碳响应模型,根据系统层计算结果,通过设定事件触发的碳排放阈值定义碳排放超额事件,并以价格形式引导用户的低碳用能行为。最后通过算例分析,验证所提模型能有效量化评估系统的低碳经济调度不确定性水平,充分发挥用户侧降碳能力,实现源荷双侧低碳目标的协同。

运用一站式智能导医平台改善患者就医体验

智能导医是医院智慧服务的重要组成部分。上海市胸科医院借助事件驱动和人工智能技术,以微信公众号为载体,构建了一站式智能导医平台,根据不同患者门诊就医需求,制订个体化就医规划,以任务流形式串联各就诊环节,缩短了患者候诊时间,缓解了导医工作压力,改善了患者就医体验。

基于事件驱动的数字孪生太浦河“四预”业务应用

聚焦太湖流域多目标统筹调度特点,通过多源数据融合汇聚太浦河各类涉水信息,构建符合平原感潮地区特点的太浦河高精度数据底板,优化流域水量水质模型算法,对太浦河防洪及供水业务进行流程再造,建成以事件为驱动的数字孪生太浦河“四预”业务系统。系统在“梅花”“杜苏芮”等台风防御中对太浦闸不同调度方式下洪水变化过程和淹涝情况进行了预演,发挥了重要支撑作用。在上海市抗咸潮保供水工作中,滚动预报重要断面水量水质,强化补水水质安全预警,确保太浦河上游水源地持续稳定供水。

事件驱动的云原生应用软件研究

事件驱动是云原生应用的主要驱动力,是实时敏捷数字业务的核心。通过侦听物联网设备、移动应用程序、业务网络和用户行为等事件源,捕获业务事件,驱动服务。事件的捕获、通信、转换和持久化是关键,可以扩展、适配不同类型的服务。消息队列是异步的,消息的发送和接收者不需要同时与消息队列交互,减少了服务间的耦合;如果系统请求流量瞬时剧增,消息队列将缓存请求,提高系统的稳定性和用户体验;事件溯源可以回溯到任何一个事件状态,增强系统的可靠性和容错。CloudEvents是描述事件数据通用格式的规范,提供跨服务、平台和系统的互操作。基于主题和分区将事件路由到不同的服务实例实现分布式并发。事件驱动架构融合微服务和无服务器函数,构建实时、可扩展、高负载和大规模可伸缩的云原生应用软件。

源-荷-储协同优化的配电网平衡能力提升方法

在新型电力系统建设背景下,针对分布式新能源和柔性负荷大量接入导致配电网供需情况日益复杂、功率和能量平衡愈加困难等问题,该文提出一种源-荷-储协同优化的配电网平衡能力提升方法,从经济性与用能低碳性等方面提高配电网运行水平。首先,建立多场景下的源荷不确定性模型,在有效量化配电网源荷不确定性的基础上提取典型运行场景;其次,提出一种基于信息熵理论的源荷功率时序平衡度量化评估方法;最后,建立源-荷-储协同的两阶段优化模型,第1阶段通过事件驱动机制深入挖掘用户参与需求响应的潜力,第2阶段在储能系统建模时引入平衡度约束以促进新能源消纳,进而使配电网的平衡能力得到最大程度提升。通过浙江某地区电网实例验证所提方法对提升配电网平衡能力和新能源消纳能力的科学性和实用性。