Effect of Qiangli Dingxuan Tablet on Cerebral Hemodynamics and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Vertigo Patients with Posterior Circulation Ischemia

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Qiangli Dingxuan Tablet on cerebral hemodynamics and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in vertigo patients with posterior circulation ischemia. METHODS: A total of 120 vertigo patients with posterior circulation ischemia were randomly divided into observation group and control group. 60 patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine. 60 patients in the observation group were treated with Qiangli Dingxuan Tablet on the basis of the control group. After 2 weeks of treatment, the improvement of vertigo(dizziness handicap inventory(DHI), dizziness handicap inventory(DHI)), the hemodynamic index(Basilar artery blood flow velocity(BA), left vertebroarterial artery(LVA), and the average blood flow velocity of right vertebroarterial artery(RVA)) and the changes in brain stem auditory evoked potential(BAEP) of two groups were observed. And statistical analysis was conducted for the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions during treatment of two groups. RESULTS: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.05). The DHI and DARS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P < 0.05), and the degree of reduction was more obvious in the observation group(P < 0.05). The levels of BA, LVA and RVA in the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment(P < 0.05), and the levels of BA, LVA and RVA in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05). The indexes of BAEP latency I, II, III and indexes of BAEP peak latency I-III, III-V, IV were obviously lower than those before treatment(P < 0.05). Besides, the decrease of BAEP index in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P < 0.05). No adverse reactions occurred during the treatment of the two groups. CONCLUSION: Qiangli Dingxuan Tablet is able to significantly improve the cerebral hemodynamics and brainstem auditory evoked potentials of patients with PCIV, and quickly relieve vertigo. It is safe and reliable and worthy of clinical application.

Effect of Acupuncture on the Auditory Evoked Brain Stem Potential in Parkinson's Disease

Under the auditory evoked brain stem potential (ABP) examination, the latent period of V wave and the intermittent periods of III-V peak and I-V peak were significantly shortened in Parkinson's disease patients of the treatment group (N=29) after acupuncture treatment. The difference of cumulative scores in Webster's scale was also decreased in correlation analysis. The increase of dopamine in the brain and the excitability of the dopamine neurons may contribute to the therapeutic effects, in TCM terms, of subduing the pathogenic wind and tranquilizing the mind.……

Formal Auditory Training with Individuals after Traumatic Brain Injury

Purpose: Establishing the effects of a formal auditory training program on individuals, after a traumatic brain injury by means of behavioral and electrophysiological tests. Study Design: Longitudinal study. Setting: Study conducted at the electrophysiology clinic of the Federal University of S&#227;o Paulo. Patients: Nine individuals with normal hearing, 20 to 37 years old, who were exposed to severe traumatic brain injury (score of 3 - 8 on the Glasgow Coma Scale upon hospital admission), 6 - 24 months earlier (11 months on average) and had imaging tests showing diffuse axonal injury with or without associated focal lesion. Intervention(s): subjected to a formal auditory training program in an acoustic booth involving eight 45-minute sessions aiming at training the auditory temporal order judgment (frequency and duration of sounds), auditory closure, and figure-ground separation skills for verbal and nonverbal sounds in monotic and dichotic listening tasks. The sessions and activities, in each session, were organized in increasing order of complexity to challenge the auditory system. In order to establish the efficacy of the auditory training, all participants were subjected to behavioral and electrophysiological assessments of the auditory processing, before and after the formal auditory training. Results: On the electrophysiological assessment, the absolute latencies of waves III and V, and of interpeak interval I-V decreased after the auditory training. However, the P300 did not exhibit a significant difference in either the latency or the amplitude parameters. Regarding the behavioral assessment of the auditory processing, it was verified that adequacy of the auditory figure-ground skills for verbal sounds, and the temporal order judging skills. Conclusions: individuals with diffuse axonal injury following a severe traumatic brain injury exhibited an improvement of central auditory processing after formal auditory training, as manifested on electrophysiological and behavioral assessments.

RELATIONS OF INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE, CREATINE KINASE AND BRAINSTEM AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIAL IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN EDEMA

We studied the relations of intracranial pressure (ICP),creatine kinase (CK) and bralnstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in 44 patients with traumatic brain edema who were admitted to our hospital from June 1990 to February 1991. There were 30 males and 14 females, with age range from 9 to 67 years. The results showed that the abnormal BAEP could reflect the severity of cerebral edema in acute head injury and was related to ICP and serum CK levels. When ICP>30 mmHg (4kPa), the abnormality of BAEP was more obvious than that of the control group (P<0.05); the serum CK levels were also elevated markedly. In patients with ICP over and below 4kPa, the rate of abnormal BAEP was 38.46% and 77.78% respectively (P<0.05). The serum CK level in the normal group or in the group with moderate abnormality of BAEP was significantly different from that in the group with severe abnormality or lack of BAEP (274.8± 98.24 U/L vs 705.3± 364.27 U/L; P<0.001). After treatment, the ICP returned to normal, and the BAEP norm

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON AUDITORY IMPAIRMENT CAUSED BY KANAMYCIN IN GUINEA PIGS

Frequency following response(FFR)and auditory brain stem evoked potential response(ABR)were used to determine the auditory acuity in evaluating the effect of electro-acupuncture treatment of kanamycin-induced auditory impairment in guinea pigs.Thesuccinate dehydrogenase(SDH)activity and morphological changes of the inner earreceptors were examined under the light and scanning electron microscope in cochlearspread preparations.The results showed that 1)electro-acupuncture was effective but nosignificant differences were found among the stimulating wave forms;2)Tinggong(SI19),Yifeng(SJ 17),Shenshu(UB 23),Sanyinjiao(Sp 6),Zhubin(K 9)and Waiguan(SJ 5)are all effective acupoints,especially the combination of Tinggong(SI 19),Sanyinjiao(Sp6)and Zhubin(K 9)acupoints;3)improvement in the cochlear function and excitabilityof the cortical and lower auditory center and increase of the mitochondrial SDH activityand energy supply in hair cells might contribute to the mechanism of the treatment.

Collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds loaded with neural stem cells improve neurological function in a rat model of traumatic brain injury

One reason for the poor therapeutic effects of stem cell transplantation in traumatic brain injury is that exogenous neural stem cells cannot effectively migrate to the local injury site,resulting in poor adhesion and proliferation of neural stem cells at the injured area.To enhance the targeted delivery of exogenous stem cells to the injury site,cell therapy combined with neural tissue engineering technology is expected to become a new strategy for treating traumatic brain injury.Collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds,prepared using a freeze-drying method,have stable physical and chemical properties.These scaffolds also have good cell biocompatibility because of their high porosity,which is suitable for the proliferation and migration of neural stem cells.In the present study,collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds loaded with neural stem cells were used to treat a rat model of traumatic brain injury,which was established using the controlled cortical impact method.At 2 months after the implantation of collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffolds loaded with neural stem cells,there was significantly improved regeneration of neurons,nerve fibers,synapses,and myelin sheaths in the injured brain tissue.Furthermore,brain edema and cell apoptosis were significantly reduced,and rat motor and cognitive functions were markedly recovered.These findings suggest that the novel collagen/heparan sulfate porous scaffold loaded with neural stem cells can improve neurological function in a rat model of traumatic brain injury.This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force,China(approval No.2017-0007.2)on February 10,2019.

397例听神经瘤听力特征分析

目的 分析听神经瘤患者听力学特征,为筛查听神经瘤提供参考依据。方法 回顾性分析2019年8月—2022年4月诊治的397例单侧听神经瘤患者临床资料,所有患者均行纯音测听、声导抗测试、言语识别率(SDS)、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)、听性脑干诱发电位(ABR)和颅脑增强MRI。结果 以典型症状就诊者312例,非典型症状就诊者85例。以突发性聋就诊者25例;患耳听力正常者54例,包含大型甚至特大型肿瘤,99例全聋者亦包含内听道和中型肿瘤。5例全聋者言语识别能力未完全消失。DPOAE一致型245例,耳蜗型72例,蜗后型79例。ABR阳性率98.0%(389/397),8例ABR波形正常者中3例为双侧非对称听力损失。结论 非典型症状就诊者占比21.4%,以突发性聋就诊、听力正常或ABR正常者不能排除听神经瘤;DPOAE和ABR可作为筛查听神经瘤的重要检查方法。

P50 auditory sensory gating in first onset schizophrenics and normal healthy adults

The aim of this research was to investigate the variations of P50 auditory sensory gating(P50)in normal healthy adults and the first onset schizophrenics.By using the American Nicolet Bravo electromyography/evoked potential(EMG/EP)system,P50 was measured with conditioning-testing paradigm(paired-click stimuli S1 and S2 were used)in 58 first onset schizophrenics and 108 healthy adults,and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)was applied.The following three conclusions have been reached.(1)In normal control(NC)group,measured from central,anterior and posterior zone(Cz,Fz and Pz respectively),there were no statistical differences(P>0.05)between S1 and S2 evoked P50 peak latencies(S1-P50 and S2-P50);the ampli-tudes of S2-P50[(2.2P1.4),(2.3P1.5)and(2.1P1.4)μV respectively]reduced significantly as compared with S1-P50[(5.6P3.3),(5.6P3.9)and(4.9P2.8)μV respectively](P<0.01);the S2/S1 ration,S1-S2 difference,and 100(1-S2/S1)had no statistical differences(P>0.05).(2)Compared with NC,the schizophrenic group significantly showed lower S1-P50 amplitudes(P<0.01,except at Pz in whichZ=2.030,P=0.042),higher S2-P50 amplitudes,higher S2/S1 ratio,lower S1-S2 difference,and more decreased 100(1-S2/S1)(P<0.01)at Cz,Fz and Pz.(3)No significant correlations were found among S2/S1 ratio,S1-S2,100(1-S2/S1)of sen-sory gating and PANSS(P>0.05)in schizophrenic group.The first onset schizophrenics had sensory gating deficits,which could be quantified by P50.

婴儿分泌性中耳炎的听力学结果分析

目的 探讨226、1 000 Hz鼓室声导抗测试和气-骨导听性脑干反应(ABR)以及畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)在诊断低月龄婴儿分泌性中耳炎(OME)中的作用。方法 回顾性分析年龄为1~6个月的119例(192耳)中耳积液患儿(异常组)和66例(132耳)正常婴儿(正常组)的226、1 000 Hz鼓室声导抗测试和气-骨导ABR,以及DPOAE检测结果。结果 (1)OME婴儿,1 000 Hz鼓室声导抗异常图形(As型、B型、C型)有189耳(98.44%),226 Hz鼓室声导抗异常图形(As型、B型、C型)有135耳(70.31%);(2)OME婴儿ABR波Ⅰ潜伏期延长179耳(93.23%),ABR波Ⅴ反应阈中度异常69耳(35.94%)、轻度异常97耳(50.52%)、阈值正常26耳(13.54%),骨导ABR阈值正常164耳(85.42%),阈值轻度异常28耳(14.58%),气-骨导ABR阈值差值变大162耳(84.37%);(3)OME婴儿DPOAE未引出151耳(78.65%)。结论 1 000 Hz声导抗异常、气-骨导ABR阈值差变大、ABR波I潜伏期延长和气导ABR阈值异常对低月龄婴儿中耳积液的诊断有重要参考价值,226 Hz声导抗对部分低月龄婴儿中耳积液的诊断不能提供准确信息。

Binaural masking level difference for pure tone signals

The binaural masking level difference(BMLD)is a psychoacoustic method to determine binaural interaction and central auditory processes.The BMLD is the difference in hearing thresholds in homophasic and antiphasic conditions.The duration,phase and frequency of the stimuli can affect the BMLD.The main aim of the study is to evaluate the BMLD for stimuli of different durations and frequencies which could also be used in future electrophysiological studies.To this end we developed a GUI to present different frequency signals of variable duration and determine the BMLD.Three different durations and five different frequencies are explored.The results of the study confirm that the hearing threshold for the antiphasic condition is lower than the hearing threshold for the homophasic condition and that differences are significant for signals of 18ms and 48ms duration.Future objective binaural processing studies will be based on 18ms and 48ms stimuli with the same frequencies as used in the current study.

脑干听觉诱发电位在孤独症谱系障碍患儿早期诊断中的应用

目的 探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)在孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿中的特征。方法 回顾性分析20例2~5岁诊断为ASD的患儿(ASD组)的BAEP检测结果,与20例同龄正常儿童(对照组)的BEAP结果相比较。结果 BAEP结果显示,ASD组患儿Ⅰ波、Ⅲ波潜伏时与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Ⅴ波潜伏时较对照组延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ASD组患儿Ⅰ~Ⅲ波间差与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Ⅲ~Ⅴ波间差及Ⅰ~Ⅴ波间差较对照组延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ASD患儿较正常儿童V波潜伏时延长,Ⅲ~Ⅴ波间差及Ⅰ~Ⅴ波间差延长,表明ASD患儿存在脑干传导通路异常,BAEP在ASD患儿的早期诊断中有一定意义,可能适合作为ASD患儿早期诊断的一项客观检查指标。

神经电生理监测在脑血管疾病手术中的应用

近年来,神经电生理技术已广泛应用于各类脑血管疾病手术监测中,其可从电生理角度反映神经传导通路的完整性,避免或减少术中神经功能的损伤,为指导疾病手术治疗提供新方法。作者对术中各种神经电生理监测模式的应用方法、预警标准、影响因素及其在不同脑血管疾病手术方案的决策,包括对假阴性和假阳性结果的判读及相应的避免措施等进行文献复习及分析,提示术中应用合理的电生理监测模式、规范的监测方法、配合合适的麻醉方案有助于提高监测的准确性和可靠性,表明在脑血管疾病手术中应用合适的神经电生理监测模式可以有效提高手术的安全性。

语言发育迟缓儿童听力评估模式的探讨

目的探讨自动听性脑干反应(AABR)与畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)联合检测模式在语言发育迟缓儿童听力评估中的应用价值。方法2022年1~10月在上海市儿童医院初诊为语言发育迟缓的470例儿童,随机分为诊断组与筛查组。诊断组235例患儿,应用听性脑干反应(ABR)行听力诊断评估。筛查组235例患儿,应用DPOAE+AABR先行听力筛查评估,后行ABR检测。将两组听力评估的结果及测试时间进行比较分析。结果筛查组235例(470耳)患儿中,听力筛查阳性率为7.45%(35/470)。确诊听力障碍16例(31耳),听力诊断阳性率为6.60%(31/470)。以ABR结果为标准,AABR联合DPOAE的灵敏度为100%(31/31),特异度为99.01%(435/439)。在诊断组235例(470耳)患儿中,听力诊断阳性率为5.53%(26/470)。将两组评估模式结果进行比较,组间筛查阳性率与诊断阳性率无显著差异性(χ^(2)=1.420,P=0.233)。将两组测试时间比较,诊断组ABR测试时间(39.02±3.52)min显著高于筛查组DPOAE和AABR(8.40±2.03)min(P<0.001)。结论AABR+DPOAE联合筛查模式能可靠的评估语言发育迟缓儿童的听觉能力,可高效筛选出需进入诊断程序的患儿,进一步优化语言发育迟缓患儿的听力评估流程,使患儿尽早明确病因,早期康复。

脉冲噪声耳鸣患者隐匿性听力损失的评估

目的通过脉冲噪声暴露患者扩展高频纯音测听(extended high-frequency audiometry,EHFA)、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)、听性脑干反应(ABR)检测,探讨脉冲噪声暴露患者隐匿性听力损失(hidden hearing loss,HHL)的检测方法及临床特点。方法将门诊就诊的有脉冲噪声暴露超过3个月的23例患者作为试验组,其中暴露1组:双耳纯音平均听阈<20 d B HL,16例;暴露2组:双耳纯音平均听阈20~34 d B HL,7例。对照组选择纯音听阈正常且无噪音接触的受试者25例。各组分别检测:EHFA、DPOAE、ABR,记录检测结果并统计分析。结果EHFA结果显示,暴露1组和对照组在8~18 k Hz,各频率三组听阈数值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。暴露1组与对照组幅值、信噪比在6~8 k Hz频率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组研究对象ABR的Ⅴ波波幅下降、潜伏期延长,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),暴露1组和对照组Ⅰ波潜伏期差异无统计学意义,Ⅰ波波幅、Ⅴ/Ⅰ波幅、Ⅰ-Ⅴ波间期比值组间无规律,比较无意义。结论脉冲噪音暴露者存在HHL。DPOAE幅值、信噪比联合ABR中Ⅴ波波幅、潜伏期可用于评价脉冲噪声HHL。

诱发电位预测重症脑卒中患者不良预后时机研究

目的探讨短潜伏期体感诱发电位（SLSEP）和脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）预测急性重症脑卒中患者预后的最佳时机。方法以Glasgow昏迷量表（GCS）评分≤12分并经头部CT和（或）MRI检查证实的幕上大面积梗死或大容积出血患者作为观察对象,分别于发病后第1~3和4~7天行GCS评分、SLSEP和BAEP检查;并于发病后6个月采用改良Rankin量表（m RS）评估预后,分析发病后不同时间窗预测指标（GCS评分、SLSEP和BAEP）与预后评估指标（m RS评分）之间的关联性和预测准确性。结果（1）关联性分析：发病第1~3天,GCS评分、SLSEP和BAEP与m RS评分之间无关联性（均P〉0.05）;发病第4~7天,SLSEP和BAEP与m RS之间存在关联性（均P〈0.01,C〉0.400）。（2）预后预测准确性分析：发病第4~7天,SLSEP和BAEPⅤ波预测灵敏度为85.71%~97.62%、BAEP特异度为80.00%~90.00%,各项预测指标阳性预测值达89.13%~96.88%、SLSEP阴性预测值为83.33%~85.71%,其中SLSEP和BAEP预测准确度均达临床预期,尤以SLSEP最佳（88.46%~90.38%）。结论急性重症脑卒中患者发病第4~7天SLSEP和BAEP预测不良预后的准确性较高。

针刺“内听宫”穴对突发性耳聋患者听觉脑干诱发电位的影响

目的:探讨针刺“内听宫”穴治疗突发性耳聋的机理。方法:使用诱发电位仪测定正常组、突聋组的ABR,观察针刺“内听宫”穴前后ABR的变化。结果:针刺正常耳“内听宫”穴,针刺前后ABR的Ⅰ波、Ⅴ波潜伏期以及Ⅰ-Ⅴ波间期无显著性变化(P>0.05);而针刺突聋耳“内听宫”穴后,其ABR波形分化明显清晰,Ⅰ波、Ⅲ波、Ⅴ波均出现,且重复性好,Ⅰ波、Ⅴ波潜伏期缩短(P<0.05)。结论:针刺“内听宫”穴能提高突聋耳耳蜗听神经以及外侧丘系桥脑的兴奋性和传导性,但对正常耳无影响。该穴位可用于治疗突发性耳聋。

脑干听觉诱发电位在儿科临床应用的价值

本文对1240例患儿BAEP资料进行了分析,正常518例,异常722例。其中新生儿、乳幼儿486例;轻～重度异常占74.5％,双侧极重度异常占25.5％。BAEP异常最高的疾患为听力障碍、听力障碍危险因素、语言障碍、脑干肿瘤、智力障碍和脑性瘫痪。本文尚对该类疾患BAEP异常的类型和程度进行了分析。结果显示:BAEP是新生儿、婴幼儿听力障碍和脑干听中枢功能异常早期筛查的有效方法。对早期干预,促进听力、语言和智能的恢复具有重要价值。

诱发电位监测技术在脑干及其附近肿瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨诱发电位技术在脑干及其附近肿瘤手术中的应用价值。方法选择静脉麻醉下脑干及其附近病变手术病人18例,术中监测脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)7例,体感诱发电位(SEP)18例,运动诱发电位(MEP)5例。当术中波形发生明显异常时,即通知术者调整或停止操作。结果本组术中诱发电位监测均顺利完成。BAEPⅤ波变化6例,其中波形逐渐恢复5例,术后均未出现新的神经功能障碍;未恢复1例,术后轻度意识障碍,3d后清醒。SEP波形变化4例,其中手术结束时恢复至基线水平3例,术后未发现异常;未恢复1例,术后病人昏迷。MEP出现变化1例,调整刺激后恢复。结论在脑干及其附近病变手术中应用多种诱发电位技术,可及时、有效地监测并保护脑干功能。

柴胡疏肝散对原发性抑郁症患者BAEP、VEP的影响

目的:观察柴胡疏肝散对原发性抑郁症患者脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)和视觉诱发电位(VEP)的影响。方法:将100例原发性抑郁症患者随机分为中药组、西药组,分别给予中药柴胡疏肝散和盐酸帕罗西汀治疗,采用脑诱发电位仪,记录治疗前后BAEP和VEP。结果:两组经治疗后,BAEP的I、V波治疗前后无明显改变(P>0.05),Ⅲ波潜伏期较治疗前明显缩短(P<0.05),VEP各波潜伏期均显著缩短(P<0.05);治疗后两组BAEP、VEP相比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:柴胡疏肝散可缩短原发性抑郁症患者BAEP和VEP的潜伏期,减轻患者临床症状,具有应用价值。

先天性听力损失的确诊和随访及病因分析

目的 了解先天性听力损失在母婴同室 (well babynursery ,WBN)与新生儿重症监护室 (newbornintensivecareunit ,NICU)中的发病率以及可能导致听力损失的高危因素 ,探讨较为科学而可行的早期诊断、跟踪随访及早期干预模式。方法 采用瞬态诱发耳声发射 (transientevokedotoacousticemission,TEOAE)进行新生儿听力普遍筛查 (2阶段筛查 ) ;对复筛未“通过”者 ,于生后 3个月采用听性脑干反应 (auditorybrainstemresponse,ABR)和 4 0Hz听觉相关电位 (40Hzauditoryeventrelatedpotentials,4 0Hz AERP)技术予以诊断。ABR异常婴幼儿及听力损失高危儿于生后 6个月～ 3岁前进行跟踪随访和定期的听力学评估 ,对诊断为永久性听力损失的婴幼儿于生后 6个月提出早期干预方案。结果 新生儿及婴幼儿先天性听力损失患儿占同期接受新生儿普遍听力筛查总数的 5 73‰ (91/ 15885 ) ;WBN中听力损失患儿占同期WBN中接受新生儿普遍听力筛查总数的 3 6 7‰ (5 1/ 13887) ,NICU中听力损失患儿占同期NICU中接受新生儿普遍听力筛查总数的 2 0 0 2‰ (40 / 1998)。结论 对于NICU新生儿 ,无论其是否“通过”新生儿听力普遍筛查 ,都有必要在生后 3个月左右接受ABR检查 ;3个月后的随访人群包括ABR异常婴幼儿和听力损失高危儿 ;追?