Ice-breaking of Foreign Exchange Control

The tight foreign exchange control era has gone with ,wind, and foreigncurrency reserve of China now is up to 300 billion US dollars;once"the cuffof overseas investment",the foreign exchange control system will go where?

The Use and Exchange of Biological Control Agents for Food and Agriculture

The report sets out to summarize the past and current situation regarding the practice of biologicalcontrol inrelationtothe use and exchange of genetic resources relevant for BCAs.It considers the twomain categories of biological control:classical and augmentative.Allowing access to BCAs for use inanother country imposes no risk of liability to the source country.Local scientific knowledge abouthabitats,fauna andflora,can be

AMENDMENTS TO REGULATIONS FOR FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROL BY THE STATE COUNCIL

Recently,decision has been made by the State Council onthe amendments to the Regulations for foreign Exchange Controlof the People’s Republic of China".The following amendments to the "Regulations Foreign Ex-change Control of the People’s Republic of China" are decided bythe State Council:1.Add an article and become Article five "No restriction bythe State as to regular international payment and transfer".2.Article 13 Clause one become Article 14 Clause one,amendto read "Foreign exchange of private use by individuals can be pur-chased within the prescribed limit amount.Foreign exchange ofprivate use by individuals in excess of the prescribed limit amount,an application has to be filed with the Administration of ExchangeControl,and foreign exchange can be purchased after

Design and Application of the Automatic Monitoring System for Wastewater Source in Shandong Province

In order to realize real-time online monitoring of the wastewater source enterprises,manage and issue monitoring information,this paper comprehensively uses automatic control,embedded data acquisition and transmission,distributed computing and data processing,geographic information system,etc.to develop automatic monitoring system of the wastewater source in Shandong Province.This system incorporates automatic monitoring information acquisition,transmission and daily work as an organic whole.The system realizes not only the continuous online monitoring of wastewater source enterprise,but also the deep excavation and utilization on monitoring information.It provides scientific and objective basis for energy saving,consumption reduction,carbon emission reduction,total amount control and other environmental management works,and meets the requirements of environmental management and related departments to wastewater source management.

Energy Exchange Control in Multiple Microgrids with Transactive Energy Management

In recent years,the advent of microgrids with numerous renewable energy sources has created some fundamental challenges in the control,coordination,and management of energy trading between microgrids and the power grid.To respond to these challenges,some techniques such as the transactive energy(TE)technology are proposed to control energy sharing.Therefore,this paper uses TE technology for energy exchange control among the microgrids,and applies three operation cases for analyzing the energy trading control of four and ten microgrids with the aim of minimizing the energy cost of each microgrid,respectively.In this regard,Monte Carlo simulation and fast forward selection(FFS)methods are respectively exerted for scenario generation and reduction in uncertainty modeling process.The first case is assumed that all microgrids can only receive energy from the network and do not have any connection with each other.In order to maximize the energy cost saving of each microgrid,the second case is proposed to provide a positive percentage of cost saving for microgrids.All microgrids can also trade energy with each other to get the most benefit by reducing the dependency on the main grid.The third case is similar to the second case,but its target is to indicate the scalability of the models based on the proposed TE technology by considering ten commercial microgrids.Finally,the simulation results indicate that microgrids can achieve the positive amount of cost saving in the second and third cases.In addition,the total energy cost of microgrids has been reduced in comparison with the first case.

Putting the Cart before the Horse? Capital Account Liberalization and Exchange Rate Flexibility in China

This paper reviews the issues involved in moving towards greater exchange rate flexibilityand capital account liberalization in China. A more flexible exchange rate regime wouldallow China to operate a more independent monetary policy, providing a useful bufferagainst domestic and external shocks. At the same time, weaknesses in China’s financialsystem suggest that capital account liberalization poses significant risks and should be alower priority in the short term. This paper concludes that greater exchange rate flexibilityis in China’s own interest and that, along with a more stable and robust financial system, itshould be regarded as a prerequisite for undertaking a substantial liberalization of thecapital account.

Recent advances in exchange bias of layered magnetic FM/AFM systems

The exchange bias （EB） has been investigated in magnetic materials with the ferromagnetic （FM）/antiferromagnetic （AFM） contacting interfaces for more than half a century. To date, the significant progress has been made in the layered magnetic FM/AFM thin film systems. EB mechanisms have shown substantive research advances. Here some of the new advances are introduced and discussed with the emphasis on the influence of AFlVl layer, the interlayer EB coupling across nonmagnetic spacer, and the interlayer coupling across AFlVl layer, as well as EB related to multiferrioc materials and electrical control.

Fault-Tolerant Communication Network System for the Super Stored Program Control Exchange

With the increasing popularity of the computer network, more and more attention is paid to the reliability of the network. To improve the reliability of the communication network in the stored program control exchange, the author propounds a redundant method supported by a kind of the double local area network. Fault detection, hardware switching and system rebuilding are processed automatically by the administration of the software. The method can improve not only the system′s reliability but also its communication efficiency. It has been implemented in the pSOSystem environment in a super stored program control exchange.

PRC Promulgates New Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control

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Controlled Cross-linking Strategy for Formation of Hydrogels,Microgels and Nanogels

Hydrogels are a kind of unique cross-linking polymeric materials with three-dimensional networks. Various efforts have been devoted to manipulate the formation of functional hydrogels in situ and enrich the production of hydrogels, microgels and nanogels with improved modulation capacity. However, these methods always fail to tune the gel properties because of the difficulty in achieving the precise control of cross-linking extents once the gel formation is initiated. Therefore, the preparation of tailor-made hydrogels remains a great challenge. Herein, we summarize a controlled cross-linking strategy towards not only fabrication of hydrogels at nano-, micro-and macro-scales, but also achievement of controlled assembly of nanoparticles into multifunctional materials in macroscopic and microscopic scales. The strategy is conducted by controllably activating and terminating the disulfide reshuffling reactions of disulfide-linked core/shell materials with selective core/shell separation using system p H or UV triggers. So it provides a facile approach to producing hydrogels, hydrogel particles and nanoparticle aggregates with tunable structures and properties, opening up the design possibility, flexibility and complexity of hydrogels, microgels/nanogels and nanoparticle aggregates from nanoscopic components to macroscopic objects.

STEP-NC Based High-level Machining Simulations Integrated with CAD/CAPP/CAM

With the development of manufacturing,numerical control(NC) machining simulation has become a modern tool to obtain safe and reliable machining operations.Although some research and commercial software about NC machining simulations is available,most of them is oriented for G&M code.It is a low-level data model for computer numerical control(CNC),which has inherent drawbacks such as incomplete data and lack of accuracy.These limitations hinder the development of a real simulation system.Whereas,standard for the exchange of product data-compliant numerical control(STEP-NC) is a new and high-level data model for CNC.It provides rich information for CNC machine tools,which creates the condition for an informative and real simulation.Therefore,this paper proposes STEP-NC based high-level NC machining simulations solution integrated with computer-aided design/computeraided process planning/computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAPP/CAM).It turned out that the research provides a better informed simulation environment and promotes the development of modern manufacturing.