Impact of stage-specific limb function exercises guided by a selfmanagement education model on arteriovenous fistula maturation status

BACKGROUND The exercise of limb function is the most economical and safe method to promote the maturation of arteriovenous fistula(AVF).However,due to the lack of a uni-fied exercise standard in China,many patients have insufficient awareness of the importance of AVF,leading to poor effectiveness of limb function exercise.The self-management education model can effectively promote patients to take pro-active health-related actions.This study focuses on the characteristics of patients during the peri-AVF period and conducts a phased limb function exercise under the guidance of the self-management education model to observe changes in fac-tors such as the maturity of AVF.AIM To assess the impact of stage-specific limb function exercises,directed by a self-management education model,on the maturation status of AVFs.METHODS This study is a randomized controlled trial involving 74 patients with forearm AVFs from the Nephrology Department of a tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province,China.Patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method.The observation group underwent tailored stage-specific limb func-tion exercises,informed by a self-management education model which took into account the unique features of AVF at various stages,in conjunction with routine care.Conversely,the control group was given standard limb function exercises along with routine care.The assessment involves the maturity of AVFs post-intervention,post-operative complications,and the self-management level of the fistula in both groups patients.Analyses were conducted using SPSS version 23.0.Count data were represented by frequency and percentage and subjected to chi-square test comparisons.Measurement data adhering to a normal distribution were presented as mean±SD.The independent samples t-test was utilized for inter-group comparisons,while the paired t-test was used for intra-group comparisons.For measurement data not fitting a normal distribution,the median and interquartile range were presented and analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.RESULTS At the 8-wk postoperative mark,the observation group demonstrated significantly higher scores in AVF symptom recognition,symptom prevention,and self-management compared to the control group(P<0.05).However,the variance in symptom management scores between the observation and control groups lacked statistical signi-ficance(P>0.05).At 4 wk after the operation,the observation group displayed a superior vessel diameter and depth from the skin of the drainage vessels in comparison to the control group(P<0.05).While the observation group did manifest elevated blood flow rates in the drainage vessels relative to the control group,this distinction was not statistically significant(P>0.05).By the 8-wk postoperative interval,the observation group outperformed the control group with notable enhancements in blood flow rates,vessel diameter,and depth from the skin of drainage vessels(P<0.01).Seven days following the procedure,the observation group manifested significantly diminished limb swelling and an overall reduced complication rate in contrast to the control group(P<0.05).The evaluation of infection,thrombosis,embolism,arterial aneurysm stenosis,and incision bleeding showed no notable differences between the two groups(P>0.05).By the 4-wk postoperative juncture,complications between the observation and control groups were statistically indistinguishable(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Stage-specific limb function exercises,under the guidance of a self-management education model,amplify the capacity of AVF patients to discern and prevent symptoms.Additionally,they expedite AVF maturation and miti-gate postoperative limb edema,underscoring their efficacy as a valuable method for the care and upkeep of AVF in hemodialysis patients.

Analysis of the Effect of Psychological Nursing Combined with Breathing Exercises in Improving Lung Function in Patients with Pneumoconiosis

Objective: To analyze the effect of psychological nursing combined with breathing exercises on lung function of patients with pneumoconiosis, and to analyze the methods. A total of 64 cases of pneumoconiosis admitted from January 2020 to December 2022 were divided into the reference group and the experimental group by random numerical table. On the basis of symptomatic treatment, the control group was combined with conventional nursing measures and breathing exercises, while the experimental group was treated with psychological nursing on the basis of the control group, and the pulmonary function indexes and adverse mood of the two groups before and after nursing were compared. Results: There was no difference in SAS score, SDS score and pulmonary function indexes between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05), and the SAS score in the experimental group was the SDS score was lower than that of the control group, and FEV1, FEV1% and FEV1/FVC were higher than those of the control group, and the P < 0.05 was lower.

An Innovative Approach towards Selecting Aerobic and Coordinative Exercises in Clinical Practice for Children and Young People with ADHD

A growing body of studies and systematic reviews show evidence of the beneficial effects of physical exercise on core symptoms of ADHD. Furthermore, studies indicate that physical exercise as an adjuvant can enhance the effects of medication in the treatment of ADHD. Aerobic and coordinative exercises improve executive functioning through their effect on neurocognitive domains that are implicated in ADHD. It is postulated that through their specific modus operandi, aerobic exercise, by raising cortical arousal levels, improves impaired alerting functions whereas coordinative exercises improve the regulation of inhibitory control through the involvement of a higher variety of frontal-dependent cognitive processes. The increasing use of routine neurocognitive testing with continuous performance tests (CPT), such as the QbTest, at clinical assessments for ADHD allows for an innovative approach to identify the assessment impairments in alerting function and inhibition control that are related to ADHD and accordingly choose aerobic or coordinative physical exercise in a more targeted fashion.

Clinical value of ankle flexion and extension exercises combined with a psychological intervention in knee osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND Considering the limited effectiveness of clinical interventions for knee osteoarthritis(KOA),it is necessary to continue to explore appropriate and effective treatment strategies to improve the condition of KOA patients.AIM To clarify the influence of ankle flexion and extension exercises combined with a psychological intervention on the psychological status and activities of daily living(ADLs)of patients with KOA.METHODS The research participants were 116 KOA patients admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between May 2019 and May 2022,including 54 patients receiving routine treatment,care and psychological intervention(control group)and 62 patients additionally treated with ankle flexion and extension exercises(research group).The two groups were comparatively analyzed in terms of psychological status(Self-rating Anxiety/Depression Scale,SDS/SAS),ADLs,knee joint function(Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale),pain(Visual Analog Scale,VAS),fatigue(Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory,MFI),and quality of life(QoL;Short-Form 36 Item Health Survey,SF-36).RESULTS After evaluation,it was found that the postinterventional SDS,SAS,VAS,and MFI scores in the research group were significantly reduced compared with the baseline(before the intervention)values and those of the control group,while the postinterventional Lysholm,ADL and SF-36 scores were markedly elevated.CONCLUSION Therefore,ankle flexion and extension exercises are highly effective in easing negative psychological status,enhancing ADLs,daily living ability,knee joint function and QoL,and relieving pain and fatigue in KOA patients,thus warranting clinical promotion.

Continuity and Change in Dao Yin:Comparing and Contrasting the Therapeutic Exercises in Yin Shu(The Book of Pulling,c.2nd Century BCE)and Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun(Treatise on the Origins and Manifestations of Various Diseases,610 CE)

The manuscript Yin Shu(The Book of Pulling),excavated from Zhangjiashan Han Tomb No.247,is the earliest surviving text on therapeutic exercise known as Dao Yin(lit.guiding and pulling).Discovered in 1983,this Dao Yin text,together with the drawings of 44 figures performing“guiding and pulling”exercises found in the Mawangdui Han Tomb in 1974,are of great significance to the study of the early history of Dao Yin.Prior to these discoveries,researchers into Dao Yin relied mainly on material found in the Dao Zang(the Daoist Canon),compiled in 1145.This led to their conclusion that Dao Yin was essentially Daoist.The development of Dao Yin reached its zenith during the Sui Dynasty(581–618 CE),when it became one of the three medical departments at the imperial medical education institution.As part of the medical reform of the second Sui Emperor,Yang Di,Dao Yin became the treatment of choice,and the employment of a large number of Dao Yin specialists to the Sui court transformed the state medical service.The compilation of Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun(Treatise on the Origins and Manifestations of Various Diseases)under Yang Di’s decree,incorporated an abundance of resources on Dao Yin,enabling physicians to potentially“prescribe”Dao Yin to their patients.Situating both Yin Shu and Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun in their social and historical contexts,this article analyses their editorial treatments,examines their different objectives,styles,and readerships,and compares the various exercises described in the two texts.It emphasizes the fact that over a period of nearly a thousand years,from the late Warring States(475–221 BCE)to the Sui and Tang periods,Dao Yin was an important medical practice,culminating in its institutionalization by the Sui government.

Brief Discussion on Specific Grading of Exercises after Class In Implementing Grade English Teaching

With the reform booming in teaching fields,the author carried out Graded English teaching in her teaching classroom and achieved favorable efficiency.In this paper,the author mainly discusses the specific grading of exercise after class in implementing graded teaching,taking for example Section A,Unit 6(Go for it! SB for Grade Eight,Volume A,by People's Education Press and Thomson Learning,2004,2nded).

Efficacy of Kegel exercises in preventing incontinence after partial division of internal anal sphincter during anal fistula surgery

BACKGROUND The transanal opening of intersphincteric space(TROPIS)procedure,performed to treat complex anal fistulas,preserves the external anal sphincter(EAS)but involves partial incision of the internal anal sphincter(IAS).AIM To ascertain the incidence of incontinence after the division of the IAS as is done in TROPIS and to evaluate whether regular Kegel exercises(KE)in the postoperative period can prevent incontinence due to IAS division.METHODS Patients operated on for high complex fistulas and having no preoperative continence problem(score=0)were included in the study.All patients were operated on by the TROPIS procedure and were recommended KE(pelvic contraction exercises)50 times/day.KE were commenced on the 10^(th)postoperative day and continued for 1 year.Incontinence was evaluated objectively(by modified Vaizey’s scores)in the immediate postoperative period(Pre-KE group)and on long-term follow-up(Post-KE group).The incontinence scores in both groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of KE.RESULTS Of 102 anal fistula patients operated on between July 2018 and July 2020 were included in this study.There were 90 males,the mean age was 42.3±12.8,and the median follow-up was 30 mo(18-42 mo).Three patients were lost to follow-up.There were 65 recurrent fistulas,92 had multiple tracts,42 had associated abscess,46 had horseshoe fistula and 34 were supralevator fistulas.All were magnetic resonance imaging-documented high fistulas(>1/3 EAS involved).Overall incontinence occurred in 31%patients(Pre-KE group)with urge and gas incontinence accounting for the majority of cases(28.3%).The mean incontinence scores in the Pre-KE group were 1.19±1.96(in 31 patients,solid=0,liquid=7,gas=8,urge=24)and in the Post-KE group were 0.26±0.77(in 13 patients,solid=0,liquid=2,gas=3,urge=10)(P=0.00001,t-test).CONCLUSION Division of the IAS led to incontinence,mainly urge incontinence,and also to a mild degree of gas and liquid incontinence.However,regular KE led to a significant reduction in incontinence(both in the number of affected patients and the severity of scores in these patients).

PERIOMARTHRITIS TREATED WITH PAIN POINT PRESSURE IN COMBINATION WITH LOCAL EXERCISES

Periomarthritis is a traumatic ordegenerative lesion of the shoulder joint andadjacent tissues, characterized by shoulderpain which is worse during the night, andlimitation of abduction, intorsion andextorsion of the shoulder joint. The age ofonset is usually around 50 years, though

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN OXY-HEMOGLOBIN AND RESPIRATORY EXCHANGE RATIO IN THE QUADRICEPS DURING THE EARLY PHASE OF EXERCISES

The early stage of exercises is crucial in sports training;however,its physiological mechanism is still unclear.The hemodynamic response was reported to be associated with respiratory exchange.Here,we aimed to explore the relationship between oxy-hemoglobin concentration change(HbO_(2))and respiratory exchange ratio(RER)during the early phase of exercises.Sixteen athletes of middle-distance race were selected from Wuhan Institute of Physical Education to conduct intermittent exercises on MERCURY4.0 at 80%VO_(2)peak intensity.Multiple physiological parameters were acquired by use of a near-infrared spectroscopy muscle oxygen monitor,a Cardiopulmonary Function MAX-II and a P-Lar,including HbO_(2),RER and others.A significant correlation was found between RER and HbO_(2)in quadriceps muscle in the thigh during the early phase of exercises.Thus,NIRS is capable of supervising sports training in terms of HbO_(2),which actually acted as an interpreter of RER change.

Potential Legal Issues and Care Implications during Care-Prevention Gymnastic Exercises for the Elderly Using Pepper in Long Term Health Care Facilities

In Japan, the shortage of personnel is a problem in long-term care nursing and rehabilitative care prevention. Nevertheless, Japan has taken measures to compensate for these shortages by promoting medical and nursing care activities using robotic technologies, and employing human resources from overseas. The purpose of this study was to determine potential legal issues and subsequent implications for care during prevention gymnastic exercises for the elderly using Pepper in long-term health facilities. The application program of Care-Prevention Gymnastics Exercises for Pepper (Pepper with CPGE) was made by the Xing Company Japan. Currently, care workers become intermediaries for the safe use of Pepper with CPGE. However, it was realized that some legal issues may arise if Pepper with CPGE alone will carry out these preventive care programs for the elderly without the presence of care workers as intermediaries. In this situation, using Pepper with CPGE alone to conduct care prevention gymnastics will require safety measures to prevent these possible practice issues and anticipate implications for care. In this regard, determining detailed target levels of rehabilitation exercise demands and environmental setting safety become essential factors. The use of humanoid robots in healthcare is expected to influence more practice protocols in contemporary and futurist rehabilitative human care. The identification of possible safety issues in performance and environmental situations, and implications for care are critical to ensure safe and valuable rehabilitative health care practices for the elderly population.

Effects of progressive muscular relaxation and stretching exercises combination on blood pressure among farmers in rural areas of Indonesia:a randomized study

Objective:Maintaining blood pressure(BP)could improve the quality of life among farmers in agricultural health.The study aims to evaluate the effects of progressive muscular relaxation and stretching exercises(SEs)for BP in farmer subjects in rural areas.Methods:A randomized controlled design was applied for this study.We performed a method,which is the combination of progressive muscle relaxation(PMR)and SEs for participants(30 in the control group and 60 in the intervention group).The intervention group self-practiced PMR and SEs through a video that providing instructions for 15 min.PMR practiced before going to sleeping in the night,and SEs practiced before going to farms in the morning per day for 3-months.Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to measure the difference between systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)as one pre-and post-test comparison of baseline and 3 months data in control and intervention groups.Results:There were no significant differences between SBP and DBP pre-and post-test in control group(P>0.050).Meanwhile,there were significant differences in reducing SBP(M=126.67;SD=18.07;95%CI=120-147.5 mmHg)and DBP(M=80.67;SD=6.91;95%CI=80-90 mmHg)pre-and post-test combination of PMR and SEs in intervention group(P<0.001).After 3-months of follow-up data,number type SBP and DBP still remained at the same levels of baseline and 3-month data in control group.While,there was an increased number of normal and prehypertension for SBP and DBP(10%vs.10%and 20%vs.31.6%)and reduced of hypertension stage I for SBP and DBP(30%vs.41.6%).Conclusions:This pilot study demonstrated effectively to reduce SBP and DBP among farmers using the combination of PMR and SEs in the agricultural health setting.

Singing Exercises Improve Sleepiness and Frequency of Snoring among Snorers—A Randomised Controlled Trial

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of regular singing exercises in reducing symptoms of snoring and sleep apnoea. Methods: A prospective single blinded randomised controlled trial was conducted in the otolaryngology department of a UK teaching hospital (Exeter). 127 adult patients with a history of simple snoring or sleep apnoea were recruited. 93 patients completed the study. Patients were excluded because of severe sleep apnoea (apnoea index > 40), or morbid obesity (BMI > 40). The study group completed a self-guided treatment programme of singing exercises contained on a 3CD box set, performed for 20 minutes daily. Outcome measures included the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the SF-36 generic quality of life assessment tool, visual analogue scales (VAS range 0-10) of snoring loudness and frequency, and visual analogue scale of compliance (for intervention group). Results: The Epworth scale improved significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group (difference -2.5 units;95% CI -3.8 to -1.1;p = 0.000). Frequency of snoring reduced significantly in the experimental group (difference -1.5;95% CI -2.6 to -0.4;p = 0.01), and loudness of snoring showed a trend to improvement which was non-significant (difference -0.8;95% CI -1.7 to 0.1;p = 0.08). Compliance with exercises was good;median 6.6 (quartiles = 4.1, 8.3). Conclusions: Improving the tone and strength of pharyngeal muscles with a 3 months programme of daily singing exercises reduces the severity, frequency and loudness of snoring, and improves symptoms of mild to moderate sleep apnoea.

The Effect of Isometric and Isotonic Exercises of Lower Limbs Extensor Sling on Static and Dynamic Balance in Basketball Players with Patellofemoral Pain

Background: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common conditions among athletes. Although there are various causes for this condition, reduced balance is the problem most frequently expressed by these patients. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of Extensor Muscle Sling Isometric and Isotonic (EMSII) exercises of lower limbs on female basketball players suffering from PFPS. Method: A total of 30 participants, all female basketball players suffering from PFPS, with an average age of 20 - 30 years, were divided into two isometric/isotonic and control experimental groups. Eight weeks of isometric and isotonic exercises were recommended to the participants with a focus on EMSII exercises of lower limbs in two four-week phases. The control group received no specific exercise program. Pre-test and post-test included the use of Stork balance test (SBT) and Y Balance tests (YBT) to assess the static and dynamic balance, respectively. Results: After eight weeks of performing separate isometric and isotonic exercises on the mentioned muscles, and according to the results of the pre-test, a significant increase was observed in the results of both static and dynamic balance tests (P Conclusion: EMSII exercises of lower limbs showed a significant effect on the increased balance. Recommended exercises can be suggested according to the type of exercises as a factor for increasing static and dynamic balance.

National preparedness training and exercises for Ebola cases in the United Kingdom

In response to the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa, the Emergency Response Department of Public Health England produced a series of training and exercising materials to help prepare health and partner organisations in England and other jurisdictions in the United Kingdom deal with a possible case of Ebola in the United Kingdom. They were produced with input from health(NHS England, Health Protection Scotland, Public Health Wales) and other partner organisations. The exercising materials have been used by colleagues working in national and local level organisations in the United Kingdom and other countries in the European Union. Presented here is a description of these training and exercising materials and how they were delivered to the end user.

Effect of Buerger’s Exercises on Improving Peripheral Circulation: A Systematic Review

The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence for the effectiveness of Buerger’s exercise on the peripheral circulation or diabetic foot ulceration. A systematic search and 18 electronic databases were conducted. The intervention was predominantly focused on Buerger’s exercise as an outcome. Due to high heterogeneity, data were synthesized in a narrative format rather than by statistical methods. Nine studies that covered 592 participants were selected in the analysis, of which 8 of the 9 found an effect of Buerger’s exercise on peripheral circulation. The positive effects were indicative of improving blood flow, walking ability, reducing necrosis, reducing venous embolism, pain, swelling, cyanosis and the bed-rest times. However, the study design and quality appraisal were limited to Jadad score 2 and the sample size was small. Findings provide some evidence of the beneficial effects of Buerger’s exercises. It was seen as a low cost and low risk physical activity that most diabetic patients could undertake at home. This review highlighted a need for further investigation of standardized procedures of Buerger’s exercises. More high quality studies on the prevention of diabetic foot are required regarding Buerger’s exercises.

Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761® Improves Central Vestibular Vertigo in Patients Undergoing Vestibular Exercises: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background: Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® is widely used to treat various types of vertigo. Aims: An exploratory trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of EGb 761® in addition to vestibular exercises in central vestibular vertigo caused by vertebro-basilar ischaemia. Subjects and Methods: In this randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, 40 patients were enrolled in the vertigo clinic of a neurological university hospital and treated with daily doses of 240 mg EGb 761® or placebo for a period of 180 days. All patients regularly performed vestibular exercises in addition. Efficacy was assessed using: a visual analogue scale for the patients to rate the overall intensity of vertigo;a numeric scale for physician-rated change;a vertigo score based on intensity, duration, and frequency of vertigo;and electronystagmography. Results: Until day 180, the mean patient-rated intensity of vertigo decreased by 46% during EGb 761® treatment and by 19% with placebo (p ® group compared to the placebo group. Nystagmus or other eye movement disorders were present only in small subgroups of patients without sufficient statistical power to detect differences between treatment groups. Conclusions: EGb 761® alleviated vertigo caused by ischaemic lesions in the brainstem or cerebellum in patients undergoing vestibular exercises.

Transformation of traditional vocabulary exercises into collaborative writing activity

In the reading course, especially the so-called intensive reading course or integrative English reading course, there are some vocabulary exercises which intend to consolidate the active vocabulary emerging in the reading passages. Mostly, these exercises are in the form of blank-filling or rewriting sentences with the words given. The problem with such exercises lies in the de-contextualization of the sentences. On the one hand, without the proper context, it is not easy for students to fill in the blanks, even though they know the meanings of the words. To finish the exercises, most students have to resort to the teacher＇s reference book for help. On the other hand, students will forget the words soon after they have finished the exercises for lack of the context to aid their recalling of the vocabulary. The author therefore finds that doing such exercises in class is unproductive and time-consuming. In order to solve this problem and make the vocabulary exercises more productive, the author attempts to reform the traditional exercises by transforming them into collaborative writing activities. Students are required to work in groups to write a short passage with the words given. After a 2-year practice, the author has concluded that the collaborative writing activities not only help students learn to use the words in a discourse, but also offer the opportunity to learn interdependently and help each other. Students have learnt to negotiate meanings in the course of the activity, which is a necessary skill in their daily life. Moreover, they have learnt to monitor their production in the course of revision and edition.

Application progress of traditional exercises in knee osteoarthritis

"Tai Chi","Ba Duan Jin",and"Yi Jin Jing"are traditional Chinese exercises which are used for adjuvant treatment of various diseases.The article outlines the application of three exercises in knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Long-term adherence to traditional exercises("Tai Chi",a traditional Chinese exercise therapies;"Ba Duan Jin",one of the main forms of"Qigong";"Yi Jin Jing",a Chinese ancient exercises)can improve muscle control over bones,improve patients’balance and proprioception,reduce the inflammatory reaction of KOA,protect articular cartilage,and significantly improve the pain,stiffness and mobility of patients with KOA.

A Brief Investigation of Pre-reading Exercises in SEFC

As in reading teaching,schema theory has long been taking a dominant part.According to this theory,English teacherscan help the students to call up their prior knowledge by placing an emphasis on a more efficient use of pre-reading activities.Oneof the effective activities is to make good use of the pre-reading exercises in the textbook.This paper intends to analyze the resultsof two brief investigations.One was about the pre-reading exercises in the SEFC(New Edition 2010)Book 1.The other was car-ried out among the first year students from Nanhai Experimental High School of South China Normal University.English teachersin high school thus can train the students to make links between the text and what they already know according to their interests.