Laboratory Life:Twenty Years of Experimental Research with Locals and New Comers in Remote Rural Areas

Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually appear in research papers,but that have notable relevance in qualitative research.The text is structured in three large parts:A conceptual vision of the new experimental geography;the experimental geo-ethnography in old social,new social and place scenarios;and finally,the most personal and emotional dimension of the research.The first part establishes the geo-ethnographic experimental context and the assumptions in fieldwork,in addition to the geo-ethnographic reconciliation process.In the second part,the main qualitative research problems related to mobility,resistance and dynamics in place are established.Finally,in the third part the research perceptions,the personal experiences,and the emotional dimension of the research in remote rural areas are established.The laboratory life of a researcher,allows one to establish scalar conclusions and rigor in qualitative research.

Experimental and numerical studies of Ca(OH)_(2)/CaO dehydration process in a fixed-bed reactor for thermochemical energy storage

The Ca(OH)_(2)/CaO thermochemical energy storage(TCES)system based on calcium looping has received extensive attention owing to its high energy storage density,prolonged energy storage time,and environmental friendliness.The heat storage process of the Ca(OH)_(2)/CaO TCES system in a mixed heating reactor was evaluated in this study,by employing a combination of direct and indirect heating modes.The dehydration process was studied experimentally,and a numerical model was established and verified based on the experimental results.The dehydration behavior of 500 g of Ca(OH)_(2) powder was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor with mixed heating.The experimental and simulation results indicated that mixed heating causes combined centripetal and horizontal propulsion.Heat input is the main limiting factor in the heat storage process,because the radial advance of the reaction is hindered by the low thermal conductivity of the solid reactant particles.Heat transmission partitions were added to enhance the performance of the reactor.The performance of the modified reactor was compared with that of a conventional reactor.The radial heat transmission partitions in the modified reactor effectively enhance the energy storage rate and reduce the reaction time by 59.5%compared with the reactor without partitions.

Experimental Research on the Propagation Process of Continuous Rotating Detonation Wave

In order to study the propagation mechanism of continuous rotating detonation wave,the H2/air continuous rotating detonation engine ignited by tangentially installed H2/O2pre-detonation tube is studied experimentally using a tilt slot injector structure.The experimental results show that the stable rotating detonation wave can be gained successfully with the equivalent ratio of 0.93.The propagation frequency and velocity of rotating detonation wave range from 5200 to 5500 Hz and from 1518.5 to 1606.1 m/s,respectively.Three propagation modes,such as rotation,reversal and bifurcation,of detonation wave are verified through the analysis of propagation mechanism of rotating detonation wave.

Experimental Research on Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Spiral Flow in Horizontal Pipe

In view of the importance of gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow and the few research reports at home and abroad,the gas-liquid two-phase spiral flow patterns have been researched in a horizontal pipe with different parameters investigated by means of observation and a high-speed camera.Since the appearance of spiral flow makes the distribution of twophase flow more complicated,the flow patterns appearing in the experiments were divided into the Spiral Wavy Stratified Flow(SWS),the Spiral Bubble Flow(SB),the Spiral Slug Flow(SS),the Spiral Linear Flow(SL),the Spiral Axial Flow(SA),and the Spiral Dispersed Flow(SD) by the observations and with reference to the predecessors' research achievements.A flow pattern map has been drawn up.The influence of velocity,vane angle and vane area on flow pattern conversion boundary and pressure drop has been studied,with a solid foundation laid for the future research work.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND DESIGN ON HEAT TRANSFER OF EVAPORATOR USED IN THE LARGE QUICK FREEZE PLANT

蒸发器是主要部分一速冻设备。有许多因素，影响一个蒸发器的热转移系数。在他们之中的最重要的因素是鳍形状，试管直径，鳍空间的距离，霜，和空气流动等等的速度。他们主要影响一个蒸发器的热效率，并且因此，它的热效率与整个效率有直接关系快结冰植物。有不同结构的类型的蒸发器让不同的热转移效率。为了获得蒸发器，有不同的鳍形状的 8 个蒸发器模型，试管直径和试管的高效率结构，安排被分析并且比较。计算结果证明积分挥动了鳍，等边三角形的安排小直径试管和变化鳍间距有最高的热转移系数。试验性的结果也证明有这类结构的蒸发器有更好热的效率。试验性的结果在对计算结果的好同意。它能为平常的设计者指示工程设计。一真实速冻设备被设计并且放进生产。结果显示出那，与相比传统国内速冻设备，这台设备在精力在尺寸并且在 20% 在 40% 减少消费。

An Experimental Research to Study the Microwaves transmission Characteristics of Ablating Material in Arc-Heated Plasma Flow

in this paper, an experimental research the effect of ablating material on the reflection and the transmission of microwaves in arc-heated plasma flow is presented by using the C band microwave measuring system. The results show that the ablating material with accidented surface and its high temperature have remarkably affected the reflection and the transmission of microwaves. The experiment proves that the system has outstanding precision and reliability.

Excitation of chorus-like waves by temperature anisotropy in dipole research experiment (DREX): A numerical study

Due to their significant roles in the radiation belts dynamics, chorus waves are widely investigated in observations,experiments, and simulations. In this paper, numerical studies for the generation of chorus-like waves in a launching device,dipole research experiment(DREX), are carried out by a hybrid code. The DREX plasma is generated by electron cyclotron resonance(ECR), which leads to an intrinsic temperature anisotropy of energetic electrons. Thus the whistler instability can be excited in the device. We then investigate the effects of three parameters, i.e., the cold plasma density nc, the hot plasma density nh, and the parallel thermal velocity of energetic electrons, on the generation of chorus-like waves under the DREX design parameters. It is obtained that a larger temperature anisotropy is needed to excite chorus-like waves with a high nc with other parameters fixed. Then we fix the plasma density and parallel thermal velocity, while varying the hot plasma density. It is found that with the increase of nh, the spectrum of the generated waves changes from no chorus elements, to that with several chorus elements, and then further to broad-band hiss-like waves. Besides, different structures of choruslike waves, such as rising-tone and/or falling-tone structures, can be generated at different parallel thermal velocities in the DREX parameter range.

Experimental Research of Hexagon Multihole Armour Block on Breakwater

This paper introduces a new kind of armour block - hexagon multihole block on sloping breakwater. It has great characteristics such as good interlocking, strong resistance against waves and saving concrete. Through the hydraulic model test, the mechanism of stability of the block has been proved and the relations between stability and wave height, wave period, water depth, slope, laying method, porosity and cushion have been found. The effect of weight on steadiness have also been discovered. Finally, the method of design and some formulas are given.

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications,discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator,and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material.The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states,and can be used in low-frequency vibration control system of precise equipment.

Biomimetic Experimental Research on Hexapod Robot's Locomotion Planning

To provide hexapod robots with strategies of locomotion planning, observation experiments were operated on a kind of ant with the use of high speed digital photography and computer assistant analysis. Through digitalization of original analog video, locomotion characters of ants were obtained, the biomimetic foundation was laid for polynomial trajectory planning of multi-legged robots, which was deduced with mathematics method. In addition, five rules were concluded, which apply to hexapod robots marching locomotion planning. The first one is the fundamental strategy of multi-legged robots’ leg trajectory planning. The second one helps to enhance the static and dynamic stability of multi-legged robots. The third one can improve the validity and feasibility of legs’ falling points. The last two give criterions of multi-legged robots’ toe trajectory figures and practical recommendatory constraints. These five rules give a good method for marching locomotion planning of multi-legged robots, and can be expended to turning planning and any other special locomotion.

Experimental research on flow instability in vertical narrow annuli

A narrow annular test section of 1.5mm gap and 1800mm length was designed and manufactured, with good tightness and insulation. Experiments were carried out to investigate characteristics of flow instability of forced-convection in vertical narrow annuli. Using distilled water as work fluid, the experiments were conducted at pressures of 1.0~3.0MPa, mass flow rates of 3.0~25kg/h, heating power of 3.0~ 6.5kW and inlet fluid temperature of 20 oC, 40 oC or 60oC. It was found that flow instability occured with fixed inlet condition and heating power when mass flow rate was below a special value. Effects of inlet subcooling, system pressure and mass flow rate on the system behavior were studied and the instability region was given.

Experimental Research of Automotive Needlepunched Carpets at Thermoforming Temperatures

Tensile properties with different thermoforming conditions and deformation mechanism at thermoforming temperatures of automotive needlepunched carpets made up of three layers of different materials were reported.Investigations on the tensile properties were performed as a function of thermoforming temperature,extensile speed and fiber orientation based on an orthogonal experiment design.The experimental results show that the automotive carpets are rate-dependent anisotropic one and very sensitive to the forming temperature.The tensile properties are strongly depended on the forming temperature when compared with the extensile speed and the fiber orientation.Experiments only varying with the temperature were performed because of the dominative effect of the temperature.Different deformation performances were observed with different temperatures.Deformation mechanisms at the thermoforming temperatures were presented to explain the nonlinear trend of the ultimate elongation with the temperatures based on the combination of the experimental observations and the corresponding polymer theories.

Experimental Research and Mathematical Modelling for Coal Reburning in Furnace

Reburning technology is one of the most cost-effective NOx reduction strategies for coal combustion systems. In this paper, a nitric oxide submodel incorporated into a comprehensive coal combustion model was developed for predicting NOx reduction in a 93 kW laboratory-scale coal combustion furnace by reburning. This NO submodel, including reburning mechanism, requires the solution of only two transport equations to model the behavior of NO reduction in the reburning process. A number of experiments have been performed in the same furnace, and the experimental data obtained from the optimized reburn configuration was used to validate the model. Measurements and predictions both show above 50% reduction of NO emissions for the optimized reburning process. Profile comparisons show that the predicted temperature and oxygen concentration match well with the measurements, and the general trend of predicted NO concentration is very similar to that measured. The results of this study show that the present nitric oxide submodel depicts quite well the observed behaviour of NO annihilation in the reburning process. It is expected that this usable and computationally economic model represents a useful tool to simulate the gaseous fuel reburning process for the researchers concerned with practical combustors.

To promote new energy development by top experimental research

Mr.Liu Zhenya,general manager of the State Grid and Mr.Fu Zhifang,executive vice governor of Hebei Province together with their colleagues jointly inspected the development of new energy project in Zhangbei County,Zhangjiakou City,Hebei Province.

The Use of Microcontrollers by Scientists in Experimental Research Applications

If the microcontrollers are devices quite easy to use for experts in electronics, a scientist devoted to different research topics from digital electronics is generally totally unable to develop and use these complex components. Most of the time, the researcher is looking for simple devices able to control different parameters during his experimentation. He is obliged in this case to request the intervention of an expert in electronics to develop such a device and the result is sometimes different from the precise initial requirement. Nowadays, it is possible to find on the market, simple units able to satisfy the requirements of the scientist and easy enough to be manipulated by him in specific applications. The purpose of this paper is to present some of these devices and to compare their possibilities and the ways to use them. These devices are compared in optically stimulated dosimetry with applications found in external dosimetry, interventional radiology, nuclear medicine and space dosimetry.

The Enlightenments of An Experimental Research on Societal Needs of EGP and ESP

With China’s entry into WTO and the opening-up of China’s economy to outside world,more foreign companies have flooded into China.And then English is playing a more and more important role in the world and in China.ESP(English for Specific Purposes)also goes to the fastest growing area of English in China.Therefore,an experimental research on societal needs of EGP and ESP is conducted in this essay,whose results the teachers of ESP and EGP(English for General Purposes)can benefit from,such as designing syllabus and the courses,adopting and adapting materials,operating the classroom teaching,and evaluating the teaching process.Correspondingly,only by way of combining specific knowledge with learning skills can the students’English learning be really improved to sow the seeds of benefits for their future work and learning.

基于病证结合特点的绝经后骨质疏松症动物模型分析

绝经后骨质疏松症(PMOP)病证结合动物模型在中医药研究中应用较多,但建立方法各式各样且缺乏统一的评价标准。文章从中医学和现代医学临床角度出发,就目前PMOP模型动物选择、构建方法和模型动物与临床吻合度进行对比,结合病证结合动物模型构建思路,从PMOP病证结合动物模型的构建和进一步完善评价方法进行归纳总结,以期为PMOP实验研究提供新思路。

高强钢管超高性能混凝土短柱轴压承载力性能试验研究

为研究高强钢管内填超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能,该文设计22根高强钢管UHPC短柱进行轴压试验,从破坏模式、荷载-纵向应变关系对试件的轴压性能进行对比分析,旨在通过径厚比、混凝土强度、截面类型等变化来探究高强钢管UHPC短柱的实际承载力性能差异.试验结果表明:高强钢管UHPC短柱的轴压性能受径厚比、混凝土强度影响较大;试件承载力随钢管壁厚增加而增加,但相同钢管直径和不同钢管直径增幅呈现不同规律.该文从延性、核心混凝土强度提高程度两个角度进行分析并提出高强钢管混凝土试件的相关参数设计建议.最后,将高强钢管UHPC短柱的轴压试验承载力结果与国内外规范GB 50936—2014、AIJ计算承载力结果进行对比,并基于极限平衡理论推导出高强圆钢管UHPC试件的轴压承载力计算公式,同时结合该文试验数据对其进行验证,证明了公式的准确性.