This study introduces an innovative contour detection algorithm,PeakCET,designed for rapid and efficient analysis of natural product image fingerprints using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatogram(GC×GC)....This study introduces an innovative contour detection algorithm,PeakCET,designed for rapid and efficient analysis of natural product image fingerprints using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatogram(GC×GC).This method innovatively combines contour edge tracking with affinity propagation(AP)clustering for peak detection in GC×GC fingerprints,the first in this field.Contour edge tracking signif-icantly reduces false positives caused by“burr”signals,while AP clustering enhances detection accuracy in the face of false negatives.The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated using three medicinal products derived from Curcuma wenyujin.PeakCET not only performs contour detection but also employs inter-group peak matching and peak-volume percentage calculations to assess the compositional similarities and differences among various samples.Furthermore,this algorithm compares the GC×GC fingerprints of Radix/Rhizoma Curcumae Wenyujin with those of products from different botanical origins.The findings reveal that genetic and geographical factors influence the accumulation of secondary metabolites in various plant tissues.Each sample exhibits unique characteristic components alongside common ones,and vari-ations in content may influence their therapeutic effectiveness.This research establishes a foundational data-set for the quality assessment of Curcuma products and paves the way for the application of computer vision techniques in two-dimensional(2D)fingerprint analysis of GC×GC data.展开更多
Aiming to ensure the consistency of quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs),a combination method of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),ultraviolet(UV),electrochemical(EC)was developed in this ...Aiming to ensure the consistency of quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs),a combination method of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),ultraviolet(UV),electrochemical(EC)was developed in this study to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Antiviral Mixture(AM),and Comprehensive Linear Quantification Fingerprint Method(CLQFM)was used to process the data.Quantitative analysis of three active substances in TCM was conducted.A fivewavelength fusion fingerprint(FWFF)was developed,using second-order derivatives of UV spectral data to differentiate sample levels effectively.The combination of HPLC and UV spectrophotometry,along with electrochemical fingerprinting(ECFP),successfully evaluated total active substances.Ultimately,a multidimensional profiling analytical system for TCM was developed.展开更多
This work first describes a simple approach for the untargeted profiling of volatile compounds for distinguishing between white duck down (WDD) and white goose down (WGD) based on resolution-optimized GC-IMS combined ...This work first describes a simple approach for the untargeted profiling of volatile compounds for distinguishing between white duck down (WDD) and white goose down (WGD) based on resolution-optimized GC-IMS combined with optimized chemometric techniques, namely PCA. The detection method for down samples was established by using GC-IMS. Meanwhile, the reason of unpleasant odors caused by WDD was explained on the basis of the characteristic volatile compounds identification. GC-IMS fingerprinting can be considered a revolutionary approach for a truly fully automatable, cost-efficient, and in particular highly sensitive method. A total of 22 compounds were successfully separated and identified through GC-IMS method, and the significant differences in volatile compounds were observed in three parts of WDD and WGD samples. The most characteristic volatile compounds of WGD belong to aldehydes, whereas carboxylic acids from WDD were detected generated by autoxidation reaction. Meanwhile, the main reason of unpleasant odor generation was possibly attributed to the high concentration of volatile carboxylic acids of WDD. Therefore, the constructed model presents a simple and efficient method of analysis and serves as a basis for down processing and quality control.展开更多
Using Dachengqi Tang(DCQT) as a model, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)fingerprints were applied to optimize machine extracting process with the Box–Behnken experimental design. HPLC fingerprints were...Using Dachengqi Tang(DCQT) as a model, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)fingerprints were applied to optimize machine extracting process with the Box–Behnken experimental design. HPLC fingerprints were carried out to investigate the chemical ingredients of DCQT; synthetic weighing method based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation(CRITIC) was performed to calculate synthetic scores of fingerprints; using the mark ingredients contents and synthetic scores as indicators, the Box–Behnken design was carried out to optimize the process parameters of machine decocting process under high pressure for DCQT. Results of optimal process showed that the herb materials were soaked for 45 min and extracted with 9 folds volume of water in the decocting machine under the temperature of 140 1C till the pressure arrived at 0.25 MPa;then hot decoction was excreted to soak Dahuang and Mangxiao for 5 min. Finally, obtained solutions were mixed, filtrated and packed. It concluded that HPLC fingerprints combined with the Box–Behnken experimental design could be used to optimize extracting process of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).展开更多
The standard gliadin fingerprints and their database of 68 major cultivars and a part of backbone parents, which have ever been extensively grown in North China since the 1950' s, were constructed by using CAWGES ...The standard gliadin fingerprints and their database of 68 major cultivars and a part of backbone parents, which have ever been extensively grown in North China since the 1950' s, were constructed by using CAWGES software and an improved method of pH 3.2 A-PAGE. In the meantime, investigations were made on the utilization of the database in the area of gliadin fingerprints analysis, variety identification and genetic relationship study. The results showed that it provided an effective method for building core collections and variety identification.展开更多
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new imaging technology which can produce high resolution images of three-dimensional structures. OCT has been mainly used for medical applications such as for ophthal...Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new imaging technology which can produce high resolution images of three-dimensional structures. OCT has been mainly used for medical applications such as for ophthalmology and dermatology. In this study we demonstrate its capability in providing much more reliable biometry identification of fingerprints than conventional methods. We prove that OCT can serve secure control of genuine fingerprints as it can detect if extra layers are placed above the finger. This can prevent with a high probability, intruders to a secure area trying to foul standard systems based on imaging the finger surface. En-Face OCT method is employed and recommended for its capability of providing not only the axial succession of layers in depth, but the en-face image that allows the traditional pattern identification. Another reason for using such OCT technology is that it is compatible with dynamic focus and therefore can provide enhanced transversal resolution and sensitivity. Two En-Face OCT systems are used to evaluate the need for high resolution and conclusions are drawn in terms of the most potential commercial route to ex- ploitation.展开更多
[Objectives] To establish infrared fingerprints of different parts of Boenninghausenia albiflora(Hook.) Reichb.ex Meissn. and Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa Levl.(two sources of Yi medicine Ebazema) and analyze the sim...[Objectives] To establish infrared fingerprints of different parts of Boenninghausenia albiflora(Hook.) Reichb.ex Meissn. and Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa Levl.(two sources of Yi medicine Ebazema) and analyze the similarity between them. [Methods] The infrared fingerprints of powder of B. albiflora(Hook.) Reichb.ex Meissn. and B. sessilicarpa Levl. were measured, and the common peak rate and variation peak rate of six samples were calculated to establish the sequence analysis method of common peak rate. [Results] There was a very high common peak rate(≥81.3%) and a very low variation peak rate(≤15.4%) between S1 and S4 as well as S2 and S6. There was a low common peak rate between S1 and S3 as well as S3 and S4, and the common peak rate was 42.9% and 47.6% respectively. There was a low common peak rate(≤47.6%) and a high variation peak rate(≥100.0%) between S1 and S3 as well as S3 and S4. [Conclusions] The method is simple and convenient to operate, can quickly identify different parts used as medicine of B. albiflora(Hook.) Reichb.ex Meissn. and B. sessilicarpa Levl.(two sources of Yi medicine Ebazema), and provide a new method to judge whether the two are equivalent when being used as medicine and quality evaluation.展开更多
A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method was developed for a chemical fingerprint analysis of Viscum coloratura. Eighteen peaks were selected as the common peaks and Homoeriodict...A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method was developed for a chemical fingerprint analysis of Viscum coloratura. Eighteen peaks were selected as the common peaks and Homoeriodictyol-7-O-β-D-apiosiyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside was used as a reference. The relative areas of common peaks were used for hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity calculation. Thirty-seven samples collected from different sources were classified into five groups. The similarities of 21 batches Viscum coloratura samples were beyond 0.90. The results obtained suggest that the chromatographic fingerprint can efficiently identify Viscum coloratum. Additionally, the fingerprints can then be used to evaluate the correlation between Viscum coloratura and hosts.展开更多
Natural wetlands are known to store huge amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Despite the importance of this storage,uncertainties remain about the molecular characteristics of soil organic matter(SOM), a key fac...Natural wetlands are known to store huge amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Despite the importance of this storage,uncertainties remain about the molecular characteristics of soil organic matter(SOM), a key factor governing the stability of soil organic carbon(SOC). In this study, the molecular fingerprints of SOM in a typical freshwater wetland in Northeast China were investigated using pyrolysis gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry technology(Py-GC/MS). Results indicated that the SOC, total nitrogen(TN),and total sulfur contents of the cores varied between 16.88% and 45.83%, 0.93% and 2.82%, and 1.09% and 3.79%, respectively. The bulk δ^13C and δ^15N varied over a range of 9.85‰, between –26.85‰ and –17.00‰, and between –0.126‰ and 1.002‰, respectively. A total of 134 different pyrolytic products were identified, and they were grouped into alkyl(including n-alkanes(C:0) and n-alkenes(C:1),aliphatics(Al), aromatics(Ar), lignin(Lg), nitrogen-containing compounds(Nc), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), phenols(Phs), polysaccharides(Ps), and sulfur-containing compounds(Sc). On average, Phs moieties accounted for roughly 24.11% peak areas of the total pyrolysis products, followed by Lg(19.27%), alkyl(18.96%), other aliphatics(12.39%), Nc compounds(8.08%), Ps(6.49%), aromatics(6.32%), Sc(3.26%), and PAHs(1.12%). Soil organic matter from wetlands had more Phs and Lg and less Nc moieties in pyrolytic products than soil organic matters from forests, lake sediments, pastures, and farmland.δ^13 C distribution patterns implied more C3 plant-derived soil organic matter, but the vegetation was in succession to C4 plant from C3 plant. Significant negative correlations between Lg or Ps proportions and C3 plant proportions were observed. Multiple linear analyses implied that the Ar and Al components had negative effects on SOC. Alkyl and Ar could facilitate ratios between SOC and total nitrogen(C/N), while Al plays the opposite role. Al was positively related to the ratio of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) to SOC. In summary, SOM of wetlands might characterize by more Phs and lignin and less Nc moieties in pyrolytic products. The use of Pyrolysis gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry(Py-GC/MS) technology provided detailed information on the molecular characteristics of SOM from a typical freshwater wetland.展开更多
Quality control and screening of active substances in traditional Chinese medicines have been performed using fingerprint analysis. The spectrum-effect relationship between chromatography fingerprints and efficacy of ...Quality control and screening of active substances in traditional Chinese medicines have been performed using fingerprint analysis. The spectrum-effect relationship between chromatography fingerprints and efficacy of herbal drugs is considered as a potentially useful method for determining active ingredients in complex mixtures. The study was designed to develop a method for determining the bioactive components of a compound Chinese medicine called Tiefeng based on spectrum-effect relationships between high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints and anticoccidial activities. Four peaks of the established HPLC fingerprint indicate the main bioactive components of this medicine. In addition, pharrnacodynamic atlas was defined and used to assess the anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng from different sources for the first time. We found that the level of anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng was consistent with the degree of similarity between the pharmacodynamic atlas and chromatogram of any sample. Furthermore, effect of this medicine was related with the main active constituents, along with the origin and the harvesting time.展开更多
AFLP(amplified fragment length polymorphism) is a very powerful fingerprinting technology. The key of making variety fingerprints is to select specific powerful primers for each crop. A quick and effective procedure f...AFLP(amplified fragment length polymorphism) is a very powerful fingerprinting technology. The key of making variety fingerprints is to select specific powerful primers for each crop. A quick and effective procedure for selecting AFLP primers for rice variety fingerprinting was established as the following: (1) Choose3 or more group materials that have close genetic relations. (2) Select potential polymorphic primers from primer pairs that are 2 + 2 primer crosses and same at two ends. (3) Recombine the selected potential polymorphic primers and choosing more polymorphic primers. (4) Add one selecting base at one end to become 2 + 3 or 3 + 2 primers and further selecting more polymorphic primers. Some primers were selected with this procedure, such as M21 P87 and M73P17, with which the fingerprints had more polymorphism and high quality.展开更多
Thirty-five SSR markers were used to construct 96 silkworm races fingerprint. All the SSR markers were polymorphic and unambiguously separated silkworm strains from each other. A total of 467 alleles were detected wit...Thirty-five SSR markers were used to construct 96 silkworm races fingerprint. All the SSR markers were polymorphic and unambiguously separated silkworm strains from each other. A total of 467 alleles were detected with a mean value of 13.34 alleles/locus (range 3-28). The mean polymorphism index content (PIC) was 0.71 (range 0.299-0.919). UPGMA cluster analysis of Nei's genetic distance grouped silkworm strains on the basis of their origin. The results indicated that SSR markers are efficient tools for fingerprinting cultivars and conducting genetic diversity studies in the silkworm.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the four Gastrodia elata B1. variants at the DNA level. [Method] Primers with good reproducibility, abundant polymorphism and high resolution were selected from the 35 rando...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the four Gastrodia elata B1. variants at the DNA level. [Method] Primers with good reproducibility, abundant polymorphism and high resolution were selected from the 35 random primers with RAPD marker technology and the amplification results were analyzed. [ Result] By using RAPD technology, DNA fingerprints of four Gastrodia elata B1. variants with abundant polymorphism, good reproducibility and high resolution was successfully constructed; to be specific, each Gastrodia elata B1. variant has its unique fingerprint with primers S29 and S38 ; DNA bands of the Gastrodia elata BI. variants vary significantly, which is contributive to distinguish the four Gastrodia clara B1. variants. [Condusion] This study provided an effective means for the identification and protection of Gastrodia elata germplasms with intraspecific variations.展开更多
Early disease detection is extremely important in the treatment and prognosis of many diseases, especially cancer. Often, proteomic fingerprints and a pattern recognition algorithm are used to classify the pathologica...Early disease detection is extremely important in the treatment and prognosis of many diseases, especially cancer. Often, proteomic fingerprints and a pattern recognition algorithm are used to classify the pathological condition of a given individual. It has been argued that accurate classification of the existing data implies an underlying biological significance. Two fingerprint-based classifiers, decision tree and medoid classification algorithm, and a biomarker-based classifier were examined using a published dataset of mass spectral peaks from 81 healthy individuals and 78 individuals with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). For all three methods, classifiers were constructed using the original data and the data after permuting the labels of the samples (BPH and healthy). The fingerprint-based classifiers produced accurate results for the original data, though the peaks used in a given classifier depended upon which samples were placed in the training set. Accurate results were also obtained for the dataset with permuted labels. In contrast, only three unique peaks were identified as putative biomarkers, producing a small number of reasonably accurate biomarker-based classifiers. The dataset with permuted labels was poorly classified. Since fingerprint-based classifiers accurately classified the dataset with permuted labels, the argument for biological significance from a fingerprint-based classifier must be questioned.展开更多
To assess the indicative function of the fingerprint characteristics of mineral elements for small agricultural producing areas,20 sets of soil surface samples and corresponding rice samples were collected from Songyu...To assess the indicative function of the fingerprint characteristics of mineral elements for small agricultural producing areas,20 sets of soil surface samples and corresponding rice samples were collected from Songyuan and Hunchun of Jilin Province,China.Forty-six mineral elements of brown rice,soil,and rice husk were examined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Ten characteristic elements(Li,Ag,Y,Bi,U,Eu,Er,Rb,Mo and As)were identified via multivariate statistics(Variance importance value analysis and rank sum test in SPSS and SIMCA software packages).The correlation of mineral elements in brown rice,soil,and rice husks of the two sample areas was analyzed and regression analysis models of characteristic mineral elements in brown rice were developed.The results indicate that a correlation exists among brown rice,soil,and rice husks in the same area,and the correlation tests using selected elements showed that all correlation coefficients were 0.65 or above.Differences in brown rice were found between different regions.Consequently,brown rice producing areas can be distinguished by the fingerprint characteristics of mineral elements.展开更多
The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive evaluation methods for the quality control of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan(RSYRW).Multi-wavelength fusion fingerprints were successfully developed by high-performance liquid...The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive evaluation methods for the quality control of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan(RSYRW).Multi-wavelength fusion fingerprints were successfully developed by high-performance liquid chromatography,which avoided the one-sidedness of single fingerprinting.Characteristic fingerprints of thirty batches of samples were generated at five wavelengths and evaluated by quantified ratio fingerprint method(QRFM).The results showed that thirty batches of samples were classified into seven grades.The methods established in this paper were found suitable for the analysis of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan.展开更多
Among the emitters in powder dusting to visualize the latent fingerprints(LFPs),aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)are well employed for their high brightness and resistance to photobleaching.However,the ...Among the emitters in powder dusting to visualize the latent fingerprints(LFPs),aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)are well employed for their high brightness and resistance to photobleaching.However,the serious background interference and low resolution still limit their fast development.Therefore,to further enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in LFPs imaging,especially to improve the analysis for level 3 details,donor-acceptor(D-A)typed AIEgens of DTPA-2,3-P,DTPA-2,5-P and DTPA-2,6-P are designed here.It is observed that strong emission covering from 450nm to 650nm can be obtained for all these molecules,especially that a high PLQY value of 10.06%in solids is achieved in DTPA-2,3-P.This is much higher than that of the other two cases(0.80%and 0.51%).By utilizing the DTPA-2,3-P in powder dusting,fluorescence imaging of LFPs can be clearly captured on both smooth and rough substrates.Moreover,confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)enables us to achieve high-resolution LFPs imaging in both 2D and 3D views,providing more detailed information of fingerprints pores in width,distance,distribution,and shapes.The results here demonstrate that highly emissive AIEgen of DTPA-2,3-P could be an excellent candidate for the visualization of fingerprints,thus providing the potential application in criminal investigation in the future.展开更多
A new class of near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent organoboron AIEgens was successfully developed for latent fingerprints(LFPs)imaging.They exhibit real-time and in situ high-resolution imaging performance at 1-3 levels of ...A new class of near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent organoboron AIEgens was successfully developed for latent fingerprints(LFPs)imaging.They exhibit real-time and in situ high-resolution imaging performance at 1-3 levels of LFPs by spraying method.In addition,we systematically elucidate the fingerprint imaging mechanism of these AIEgens.Significantly,the excellent level 3 structural imaging capabilities enable the application of them for analyzing incomplete LFPs and identifying individuals in different scenarios.展开更多
Introduction: Criminals’ propensity to precautionary mask their tracks such as disposing of an item of evidence in an aquatic environment (including freshwater and seawater) warrants the ongoing quest for advanced re...Introduction: Criminals’ propensity to precautionary mask their tracks such as disposing of an item of evidence in an aquatic environment (including freshwater and seawater) warrants the ongoing quest for advanced reagents and techniques that are tailored to the substrate characteristics on which the print will be developed. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the synergic efficiency of the superglue fuming technique (using a homemade fuming chamber) and the powder technique in the development and visualization of latent fingerprints (LFPs) from different nonporous substrates submerged in an aquatic environment for up to 120 days. Materials and Methods: All selected nonporous substrates were cleaned thoroughly with a 70% alcohol swab. Natural latent prints were obtained from a single donor and the substrates were exposed to an aquatic environment. The superglue fuming (using a homemade fuming chamber) plus the powder technique was employed to develop and visualize the print. Results: Our findings disclose that the use of the superglue fuming technique together with the powder technique enhances the recovery rate of LFPs from substrates kept underwater for up to 90 days. The development of fingerprints was challenging from the substrates that were submerged in water for exactly 120 days. Conclusions: The resulting efficiency of the combined technique (superglue fuming technique using a homemade fuming chamber + powder technique) is substantially more sensitive, and selective, and performs better than the previously used stand-alone fingerprint enhancement technique. The improvised homemade fuming chamber proves to be a viable alternative to the standardized fuming cabinet in terms of functionality and sensitivity.展开更多
基金supported by Hunan 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Engineering&Technology with Environmental Benignity and Effective Resource Utilization,Hunan Province Natural Science Fund,China(Grant Nos.:2020JJ4569,2023JJ60378)Hunan Province College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program,China(Grant Nos.:S202110530044,S202210530048).
文摘This study introduces an innovative contour detection algorithm,PeakCET,designed for rapid and efficient analysis of natural product image fingerprints using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatogram(GC×GC).This method innovatively combines contour edge tracking with affinity propagation(AP)clustering for peak detection in GC×GC fingerprints,the first in this field.Contour edge tracking signif-icantly reduces false positives caused by“burr”signals,while AP clustering enhances detection accuracy in the face of false negatives.The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated using three medicinal products derived from Curcuma wenyujin.PeakCET not only performs contour detection but also employs inter-group peak matching and peak-volume percentage calculations to assess the compositional similarities and differences among various samples.Furthermore,this algorithm compares the GC×GC fingerprints of Radix/Rhizoma Curcumae Wenyujin with those of products from different botanical origins.The findings reveal that genetic and geographical factors influence the accumulation of secondary metabolites in various plant tissues.Each sample exhibits unique characteristic components alongside common ones,and vari-ations in content may influence their therapeutic effectiveness.This research establishes a foundational data-set for the quality assessment of Curcuma products and paves the way for the application of computer vision techniques in two-dimensional(2D)fingerprint analysis of GC×GC data.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81573586).
文摘Aiming to ensure the consistency of quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs),a combination method of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),ultraviolet(UV),electrochemical(EC)was developed in this study to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Antiviral Mixture(AM),and Comprehensive Linear Quantification Fingerprint Method(CLQFM)was used to process the data.Quantitative analysis of three active substances in TCM was conducted.A fivewavelength fusion fingerprint(FWFF)was developed,using second-order derivatives of UV spectral data to differentiate sample levels effectively.The combination of HPLC and UV spectrophotometry,along with electrochemical fingerprinting(ECFP),successfully evaluated total active substances.Ultimately,a multidimensional profiling analytical system for TCM was developed.
文摘This work first describes a simple approach for the untargeted profiling of volatile compounds for distinguishing between white duck down (WDD) and white goose down (WGD) based on resolution-optimized GC-IMS combined with optimized chemometric techniques, namely PCA. The detection method for down samples was established by using GC-IMS. Meanwhile, the reason of unpleasant odors caused by WDD was explained on the basis of the characteristic volatile compounds identification. GC-IMS fingerprinting can be considered a revolutionary approach for a truly fully automatable, cost-efficient, and in particular highly sensitive method. A total of 22 compounds were successfully separated and identified through GC-IMS method, and the significant differences in volatile compounds were observed in three parts of WDD and WGD samples. The most characteristic volatile compounds of WGD belong to aldehydes, whereas carboxylic acids from WDD were detected generated by autoxidation reaction. Meanwhile, the main reason of unpleasant odor generation was possibly attributed to the high concentration of volatile carboxylic acids of WDD. Therefore, the constructed model presents a simple and efficient method of analysis and serves as a basis for down processing and quality control.
基金financially supported by Longhua Medical Project (LYTD-14)the National Special Research Foundation of TCM (No.201007010)
文摘Using Dachengqi Tang(DCQT) as a model, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)fingerprints were applied to optimize machine extracting process with the Box–Behnken experimental design. HPLC fingerprints were carried out to investigate the chemical ingredients of DCQT; synthetic weighing method based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation(CRITIC) was performed to calculate synthetic scores of fingerprints; using the mark ingredients contents and synthetic scores as indicators, the Box–Behnken design was carried out to optimize the process parameters of machine decocting process under high pressure for DCQT. Results of optimal process showed that the herb materials were soaked for 45 min and extracted with 9 folds volume of water in the decocting machine under the temperature of 140 1C till the pressure arrived at 0.25 MPa;then hot decoction was excreted to soak Dahuang and Mangxiao for 5 min. Finally, obtained solutions were mixed, filtrated and packed. It concluded that HPLC fingerprints combined with the Box–Behnken experimental design could be used to optimize extracting process of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).
文摘The standard gliadin fingerprints and their database of 68 major cultivars and a part of backbone parents, which have ever been extensively grown in North China since the 1950' s, were constructed by using CAWGES software and an improved method of pH 3.2 A-PAGE. In the meantime, investigations were made on the utilization of the database in the area of gliadin fingerprints analysis, variety identification and genetic relationship study. The results showed that it provided an effective method for building core collections and variety identification.
文摘Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new imaging technology which can produce high resolution images of three-dimensional structures. OCT has been mainly used for medical applications such as for ophthalmology and dermatology. In this study we demonstrate its capability in providing much more reliable biometry identification of fingerprints than conventional methods. We prove that OCT can serve secure control of genuine fingerprints as it can detect if extra layers are placed above the finger. This can prevent with a high probability, intruders to a secure area trying to foul standard systems based on imaging the finger surface. En-Face OCT method is employed and recommended for its capability of providing not only the axial succession of layers in depth, but the en-face image that allows the traditional pattern identification. Another reason for using such OCT technology is that it is compatible with dynamic focus and therefore can provide enhanced transversal resolution and sensitivity. Two En-Face OCT systems are used to evaluate the need for high resolution and conclusions are drawn in terms of the most potential commercial route to ex- ploitation.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Plan(2018YFC1708000)Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province,China(2017JY0274)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2018NQN13)
文摘[Objectives] To establish infrared fingerprints of different parts of Boenninghausenia albiflora(Hook.) Reichb.ex Meissn. and Boenninghausenia sessilicarpa Levl.(two sources of Yi medicine Ebazema) and analyze the similarity between them. [Methods] The infrared fingerprints of powder of B. albiflora(Hook.) Reichb.ex Meissn. and B. sessilicarpa Levl. were measured, and the common peak rate and variation peak rate of six samples were calculated to establish the sequence analysis method of common peak rate. [Results] There was a very high common peak rate(≥81.3%) and a very low variation peak rate(≤15.4%) between S1 and S4 as well as S2 and S6. There was a low common peak rate between S1 and S3 as well as S3 and S4, and the common peak rate was 42.9% and 47.6% respectively. There was a low common peak rate(≤47.6%) and a high variation peak rate(≥100.0%) between S1 and S3 as well as S3 and S4. [Conclusions] The method is simple and convenient to operate, can quickly identify different parts used as medicine of B. albiflora(Hook.) Reichb.ex Meissn. and B. sessilicarpa Levl.(two sources of Yi medicine Ebazema), and provide a new method to judge whether the two are equivalent when being used as medicine and quality evaluation.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(No.30901967)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Doctors of the Liaoning Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.20091078)the Science and Technology Research Projects of the Educational Commission of Liaoning Province(No.2009A684)for financial support
文摘A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method was developed for a chemical fingerprint analysis of Viscum coloratura. Eighteen peaks were selected as the common peaks and Homoeriodictyol-7-O-β-D-apiosiyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside was used as a reference. The relative areas of common peaks were used for hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity calculation. Thirty-seven samples collected from different sources were classified into five groups. The similarities of 21 batches Viscum coloratura samples were beyond 0.90. The results obtained suggest that the chromatographic fingerprint can efficiently identify Viscum coloratum. Additionally, the fingerprints can then be used to evaluate the correlation between Viscum coloratura and hosts.
基金Under the auspices of the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0500404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41671087,41671081,41771103)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2018265)
文摘Natural wetlands are known to store huge amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Despite the importance of this storage,uncertainties remain about the molecular characteristics of soil organic matter(SOM), a key factor governing the stability of soil organic carbon(SOC). In this study, the molecular fingerprints of SOM in a typical freshwater wetland in Northeast China were investigated using pyrolysis gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry technology(Py-GC/MS). Results indicated that the SOC, total nitrogen(TN),and total sulfur contents of the cores varied between 16.88% and 45.83%, 0.93% and 2.82%, and 1.09% and 3.79%, respectively. The bulk δ^13C and δ^15N varied over a range of 9.85‰, between –26.85‰ and –17.00‰, and between –0.126‰ and 1.002‰, respectively. A total of 134 different pyrolytic products were identified, and they were grouped into alkyl(including n-alkanes(C:0) and n-alkenes(C:1),aliphatics(Al), aromatics(Ar), lignin(Lg), nitrogen-containing compounds(Nc), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), phenols(Phs), polysaccharides(Ps), and sulfur-containing compounds(Sc). On average, Phs moieties accounted for roughly 24.11% peak areas of the total pyrolysis products, followed by Lg(19.27%), alkyl(18.96%), other aliphatics(12.39%), Nc compounds(8.08%), Ps(6.49%), aromatics(6.32%), Sc(3.26%), and PAHs(1.12%). Soil organic matter from wetlands had more Phs and Lg and less Nc moieties in pyrolytic products than soil organic matters from forests, lake sediments, pastures, and farmland.δ^13 C distribution patterns implied more C3 plant-derived soil organic matter, but the vegetation was in succession to C4 plant from C3 plant. Significant negative correlations between Lg or Ps proportions and C3 plant proportions were observed. Multiple linear analyses implied that the Ar and Al components had negative effects on SOC. Alkyl and Ar could facilitate ratios between SOC and total nitrogen(C/N), while Al plays the opposite role. Al was positively related to the ratio of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) to SOC. In summary, SOM of wetlands might characterize by more Phs and lignin and less Nc moieties in pyrolytic products. The use of Pyrolysis gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry(Py-GC/MS) technology provided detailed information on the molecular characteristics of SOM from a typical freshwater wetland.
基金funded by the National Key Technology R&D Program, China (2008 BADB4B05-02)
文摘Quality control and screening of active substances in traditional Chinese medicines have been performed using fingerprint analysis. The spectrum-effect relationship between chromatography fingerprints and efficacy of herbal drugs is considered as a potentially useful method for determining active ingredients in complex mixtures. The study was designed to develop a method for determining the bioactive components of a compound Chinese medicine called Tiefeng based on spectrum-effect relationships between high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints and anticoccidial activities. Four peaks of the established HPLC fingerprint indicate the main bioactive components of this medicine. In addition, pharrnacodynamic atlas was defined and used to assess the anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng from different sources for the first time. We found that the level of anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng was consistent with the degree of similarity between the pharmacodynamic atlas and chromatogram of any sample. Furthermore, effect of this medicine was related with the main active constituents, along with the origin and the harvesting time.
文摘AFLP(amplified fragment length polymorphism) is a very powerful fingerprinting technology. The key of making variety fingerprints is to select specific powerful primers for each crop. A quick and effective procedure for selecting AFLP primers for rice variety fingerprinting was established as the following: (1) Choose3 or more group materials that have close genetic relations. (2) Select potential polymorphic primers from primer pairs that are 2 + 2 primer crosses and same at two ends. (3) Recombine the selected potential polymorphic primers and choosing more polymorphic primers. (4) Add one selecting base at one end to become 2 + 3 or 3 + 2 primers and further selecting more polymorphic primers. Some primers were selected with this procedure, such as M21 P87 and M73P17, with which the fingerprints had more polymorphism and high quality.
文摘Thirty-five SSR markers were used to construct 96 silkworm races fingerprint. All the SSR markers were polymorphic and unambiguously separated silkworm strains from each other. A total of 467 alleles were detected with a mean value of 13.34 alleles/locus (range 3-28). The mean polymorphism index content (PIC) was 0.71 (range 0.299-0.919). UPGMA cluster analysis of Nei's genetic distance grouped silkworm strains on the basis of their origin. The results indicated that SSR markers are efficient tools for fingerprinting cultivars and conducting genetic diversity studies in the silkworm.
基金Supported by National Scientific and Technological Key Project of China(Grant No. 2004BA721A33)Scientific and Technological Key Project of Guizhou Province (Grant No.[2001]1125)Special Project of Research and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modern Science and Technology Industry in Guizhou Province(Grant No.[2003]51)
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the four Gastrodia elata B1. variants at the DNA level. [Method] Primers with good reproducibility, abundant polymorphism and high resolution were selected from the 35 random primers with RAPD marker technology and the amplification results were analyzed. [ Result] By using RAPD technology, DNA fingerprints of four Gastrodia elata B1. variants with abundant polymorphism, good reproducibility and high resolution was successfully constructed; to be specific, each Gastrodia elata B1. variant has its unique fingerprint with primers S29 and S38 ; DNA bands of the Gastrodia elata BI. variants vary significantly, which is contributive to distinguish the four Gastrodia clara B1. variants. [Condusion] This study provided an effective means for the identification and protection of Gastrodia elata germplasms with intraspecific variations.
文摘Early disease detection is extremely important in the treatment and prognosis of many diseases, especially cancer. Often, proteomic fingerprints and a pattern recognition algorithm are used to classify the pathological condition of a given individual. It has been argued that accurate classification of the existing data implies an underlying biological significance. Two fingerprint-based classifiers, decision tree and medoid classification algorithm, and a biomarker-based classifier were examined using a published dataset of mass spectral peaks from 81 healthy individuals and 78 individuals with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). For all three methods, classifiers were constructed using the original data and the data after permuting the labels of the samples (BPH and healthy). The fingerprint-based classifiers produced accurate results for the original data, though the peaks used in a given classifier depended upon which samples were placed in the training set. Accurate results were also obtained for the dataset with permuted labels. In contrast, only three unique peaks were identified as putative biomarkers, producing a small number of reasonably accurate biomarker-based classifiers. The dataset with permuted labels was poorly classified. Since fingerprint-based classifiers accurately classified the dataset with permuted labels, the argument for biological significance from a fingerprint-based classifier must be questioned.
基金Supported by National College Students'Innouation and Entrepreneurship Trainning Program(No.202110183249)。
文摘To assess the indicative function of the fingerprint characteristics of mineral elements for small agricultural producing areas,20 sets of soil surface samples and corresponding rice samples were collected from Songyuan and Hunchun of Jilin Province,China.Forty-six mineral elements of brown rice,soil,and rice husk were examined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Ten characteristic elements(Li,Ag,Y,Bi,U,Eu,Er,Rb,Mo and As)were identified via multivariate statistics(Variance importance value analysis and rank sum test in SPSS and SIMCA software packages).The correlation of mineral elements in brown rice,soil,and rice husks of the two sample areas was analyzed and regression analysis models of characteristic mineral elements in brown rice were developed.The results indicate that a correlation exists among brown rice,soil,and rice husks in the same area,and the correlation tests using selected elements showed that all correlation coefficients were 0.65 or above.Differences in brown rice were found between different regions.Consequently,brown rice producing areas can be distinguished by the fingerprint characteristics of mineral elements.
文摘The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive evaluation methods for the quality control of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan(RSYRW).Multi-wavelength fusion fingerprints were successfully developed by high-performance liquid chromatography,which avoided the one-sidedness of single fingerprinting.Characteristic fingerprints of thirty batches of samples were generated at five wavelengths and evaluated by quantified ratio fingerprint method(QRFM).The results showed that thirty batches of samples were classified into seven grades.The methods established in this paper were found suitable for the analysis of Ginseng Yang Rong Wan.
基金The authors are thankful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21975197)Shaanxi Province Key R&D Program-International Science and Technology Cooperation Project(No.2022KW-40)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(No.2021TD-57).
文摘Among the emitters in powder dusting to visualize the latent fingerprints(LFPs),aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)are well employed for their high brightness and resistance to photobleaching.However,the serious background interference and low resolution still limit their fast development.Therefore,to further enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in LFPs imaging,especially to improve the analysis for level 3 details,donor-acceptor(D-A)typed AIEgens of DTPA-2,3-P,DTPA-2,5-P and DTPA-2,6-P are designed here.It is observed that strong emission covering from 450nm to 650nm can be obtained for all these molecules,especially that a high PLQY value of 10.06%in solids is achieved in DTPA-2,3-P.This is much higher than that of the other two cases(0.80%and 0.51%).By utilizing the DTPA-2,3-P in powder dusting,fluorescence imaging of LFPs can be clearly captured on both smooth and rough substrates.Moreover,confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)enables us to achieve high-resolution LFPs imaging in both 2D and 3D views,providing more detailed information of fingerprints pores in width,distance,distribution,and shapes.The results here demonstrate that highly emissive AIEgen of DTPA-2,3-P could be an excellent candidate for the visualization of fingerprints,thus providing the potential application in criminal investigation in the future.
基金supported by the Topnotch Talents Program of Henan Agricultural University(30501032)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52003228 and 52273197)+2 种基金the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ2021324134613038)the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Functional Aggregate Materials(ZDSYS20211021111400001)Shenzhen Peacock Team Project(KQTD20210811090142053).
文摘A new class of near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent organoboron AIEgens was successfully developed for latent fingerprints(LFPs)imaging.They exhibit real-time and in situ high-resolution imaging performance at 1-3 levels of LFPs by spraying method.In addition,we systematically elucidate the fingerprint imaging mechanism of these AIEgens.Significantly,the excellent level 3 structural imaging capabilities enable the application of them for analyzing incomplete LFPs and identifying individuals in different scenarios.
文摘Introduction: Criminals’ propensity to precautionary mask their tracks such as disposing of an item of evidence in an aquatic environment (including freshwater and seawater) warrants the ongoing quest for advanced reagents and techniques that are tailored to the substrate characteristics on which the print will be developed. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the synergic efficiency of the superglue fuming technique (using a homemade fuming chamber) and the powder technique in the development and visualization of latent fingerprints (LFPs) from different nonporous substrates submerged in an aquatic environment for up to 120 days. Materials and Methods: All selected nonporous substrates were cleaned thoroughly with a 70% alcohol swab. Natural latent prints were obtained from a single donor and the substrates were exposed to an aquatic environment. The superglue fuming (using a homemade fuming chamber) plus the powder technique was employed to develop and visualize the print. Results: Our findings disclose that the use of the superglue fuming technique together with the powder technique enhances the recovery rate of LFPs from substrates kept underwater for up to 90 days. The development of fingerprints was challenging from the substrates that were submerged in water for exactly 120 days. Conclusions: The resulting efficiency of the combined technique (superglue fuming technique using a homemade fuming chamber + powder technique) is substantially more sensitive, and selective, and performs better than the previously used stand-alone fingerprint enhancement technique. The improvised homemade fuming chamber proves to be a viable alternative to the standardized fuming cabinet in terms of functionality and sensitivity.