Regularity of Rings Whose Every Simple Singular Left R-module is GP-injective

In this paper, some new relations between GP-V'-rings and regular rings under certain special conditions have been found. It is proved that R is left self-injective regular with Soc(RR) ≠ 0 if and only if R is a left GP-V'-ring containing an injective maximal left ideal and Soc(RR)(?)Soc(RR). Moreover, for an MELT ring R, it is shown that R is regular if and only if R is a left GP-injective left GP-V'-ring.

<i>S</i>-Injective Modules and Rings

We introduce and investigate the concept of s-injective modules and strongly s-injective modules. New characterizations of SI-rings, GV-rings and pseudo-Frobenius rings are given in terms of s-injectivity of their modules.

PS-injective Modules, PS-flat Modules and PS-coherent Rings

A left ideal I of a ring R is small in case for every proper left ideal K of R, K ＋ I ≠R. A ring R is called left PS-coherent if every principally small left ideal Ra is finitely presented. We develop, in this paper, PS-coherent rings as a generalization of P-coherent rings and J-coherent rings. To characterize PS-coherent rings, we first introduce PS-injective and PS-flat modules, and discuss the relation between them over some spacial rings. Some properties of left PS-coherent rings are also studied.

Characterization of Hereditary Rings ViaInjectivity and Projectivity Classes

In this note,some characterizations of hereditary rings using injectivity classes and projectivity classes are given.These results unify many well known results.

On minimal quasi-injective modules and strong Kasch modules

设R为一个环，M为一个右R-模．若每个从M的单子模到M的同态都可以开拓为M的自同态，则称M为一个极小拟内射模．若每个单的右R-模都可以嵌入M，则称M为一个强Kasch模．本文研究了这两类模的一些刻画和性质．

On right GP-V-rings

主要研究GP-V-环（GP—V-模），它是P—V-环（P—V-模）的推广．讨论了这一类环的某些性质，例如：设R是GP—V-环，则对主右理想U=αR的任意极大子理想K，存在n∈Z^＋和R的极大右理想H使得H∩α^nR=K∩α^nR；右GP—V-环的每个主右理想都是幂等的；右GP—V-环的直和项仍是右GP—V-环；等等．此外，还讨论了右GP—V-环什么时候是Von Neumann正则环．

Some Studies on Quasi AP-injective Modules

Let R be a ring. R is called right AP-injective if, for any a E R, there exists a left ideal of R such that lr（a） = Ra＋Xa. We extend this notion to modules. A right R-module M with S = End（MR） is called quasi AP-injective if, for any s∈S, there exists a left ideal Xs of S such that ls（Ker（s）） = Ss＋Xs. In this paper, we give some characterizations and properties of quasi AP-injective modules which generalize results of Page and Zhou.

On Weakly P.P. Rings

We introduce, in this paper, the right weakly p.p. rings as the generaliza- tion of right p.p. rings. It is shown that many properties of the right p.p. rings can be extended onto the right weakly p.p. rings. Relative examples are constructed. As applications, we also characterize the regular rings and the semisimple rings in terms of the right weakly p.p. rings.

EXPLICIT DESCRIPTION OF A CLASS OF INDECOMPOSABLE INJECTIVE MODULES

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring and p be a prime ideal of R such that the ideal pRp is principal and ht(p)≠0. In this note, the anthors describe the explicit structure of the injective envelope of the R-module R/p.

On Strongly Regular Rings

In this paper we investigate strongly regular rings. In terms of W-ideals of rings some characterizations of strongly regular rings are given.

On L-injective Covers

We use the class of L-injective modules to define L-injective covers, and provide the characterizations of L-injective covers by the properties of kernels of homomorphisms. We prove that the right L-noetherian right L-hereditary ring is just such that every right R-module has an L-injective cover which is monic. We also use kernels of homomorphisms to investigate L-simple L-injective covers and give some constructions of L-simple L-injective covers.

INJECTIVE MAPS ON PRIMITIVE SEQUENCES OVER Z/(p^e)

Let Z/（p^e） be the integer residue ring modulo p^e with p an odd prime and integer e ≥ 3. For a sequence a over Z/（p^e）, there is a unique p-adic decomposition a- = a-0 ＋a-1 .p ＋… ＋ a-e-l .p^e-1 where each a-i can be regarded as a sequence over Z/（p）, 0 ≤ i ≤ e - 1. Let f（x） be a primitive polynomial over Z/（p^e） and G＇（f（x）,p^e） the set of all primitive sequences generated by f（x） over Z/（p^e）. For μ（x） ∈ Z/（p）[x] with deg（μ（x）） ≥ 2 and gad（1 ＋ deg（μ（x））,p- 1） = 1, setφe-1 （x0, x1,… , xe-1） = xe-1. [μ（xe-2） ＋ ηe-3（x0, X1,…, xe-3）] ＋ ηe-2（x0, X1,…, xe-2） which is a function of e variables over Z/（p）. Then the compressing mapφe-1 ： G＇（f（x）,p^e） → （Z/（p））^∞ ,a-→φe-1（a-0,a-1, … ,a-e-1） is injective. That is, for a-,b-∈ G＇（f（x）,p^e）, a- = b- if and only if φe-1 （a-0,a-1, … ,a-e-1） = φe-1（b-0, b-1,… ,b-e-1）. As for the case of e = 2, similar result is also given. Furthermore, if functions φe-1 and ψe-1 over Z/（p） are both of the above form and satisfy φe-1（a-0,a-1,…,a-e-1）=ψe-1（b-0, b-1,… ,b-e-1） for a-,b-∈G＇（f（x）,p^e）, the relations between a- and b-, φe-1 and ψe-1 are discussed

A THEOREM ON IF-RINGS

In [1], Saroj Jain Posed an open Problem: Is a right IF-ring left coherent? In this note, we discuss this problem and Prove that a two-sided IF-ring certainly is twosided coherent,

Statistical Properties of a Ring Laser with Injected SIgnal and Backscattering

The statistical properties of a homogeneously broadened ring laser with an injected signal are investigated and the normalized two-mode intensity auto- and cross-correlation functions are calculated by a full saturation laser theory with backscattering. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.Further investigation reveals that the backscattering can reduce the fluctuations in the system while the full saturation effect plays a major role when the laser is operated above threshold. It is also quite important to notice that the injected signal can drive the weak mode from incoherent light to coherent light.

On Rings with Finite Global Gorenstein Dimensions

As a proper setting to study Gorenstein projective and injective dimensions of modules via vanishing of Gorenstein Ext-functors, a notion of a generalized Gorenstein ring is introduced, which is a non-trivial generalization of Gorenstein rings. Moreover, a new proof for Bennis and Mahdou's equality of global Gorenstein dimension is given.

Some Notes on Quasi AP-injective Modules

Let R be a ring. A right R-module M with S = End（MR） is called a quasi AP-injective module, if, for any s C S, there exists a left ideal Xs of S such that ls（ker s） = Ss＋Xs. Let M be a quasi AP-injective module which is a self-generator. We show that for such a module, if S is semiprime, then every maximal kernel of S is a direct summand of M. Furthermore, if ker（a1） lohtain in ker（a2a1） lohtain in ker（a3a2a1） lohtain in... satisfy the ascending conditions for any sequence al, a2, a3,… ∈ S, then S is right perfect. In this paper, we give a series of results which extend and generalize results on AP-injective rings.

带油环凝析气藏衰竭式开发中——后期提高采收率

针对塔里木盆地Y5凝析气藏衰竭式开发过程中地层压力和气井产能快速降低、生产气油比逐渐下降、凝析油密度和黏度逐渐升高、开发效果迅速变差等问题,将生产动态特征与地层流体组分评价相结合,重新认识该气藏为带油环层状边水凝析气藏,并采用数值模拟方法确定其油环厚度。为改善开发效果,提高凝析油气采收率,系统开展带油环凝析气藏衰竭式开发中—后期提高采收率机理研究可知:完善井网、实施循环注气开发能大幅提高油气采收率,注入介质以二氧化碳最佳,气藏自产气次之;注气方式以重力辅助气驱模式最佳。基于气藏类型和提高采收率机理研究,编制了该气藏循环注气提高采收率方案,预测原油采收率较衰竭式开发提高29.96%。该气藏循环注气开发后累计注气0.19×10^(8) m^(3),地层压力恢复4.31 MPa,气井产能恢复到方案实施前的3.09倍,可为其他同类型气藏开发中—后期提高采收率提供借鉴。

工业监控器外罩收缩侧型芯注射模设计

结合工业监控器外罩塑件的注射成型,设计了一副两板式热流道模具。在模具整体结构设计的基础上,利用CAE仿真辅助分析并验证了复合式浇注系统的可行性及冷却系统的有效性。分析结果表明,成型后塑件的变形可减小至0.58 mm,能满足MT3级要求。为解决模具结构中塑件转轴套内壁环凹槽的自动脱模问题,设计了一种2次抽芯复合机构,相向收缩抽芯的2个差速滑块在有限空间内(20 mm)实现了环槽的自动脱模。为解决内壁上倒钩柱的自动脱模问题,设计了一种两瓣式弹性顶针用作该特征的脱模。当两瓣弹性顶针顶出倒钩柱时,两瓣弹性顶针由于弹性原因而张开,与倒钩柱分离,实现了该特征的自动脱模。

A Note on AP-Injective Rings

The purpose of this paper is to study the following two questions on AP-injective rings: (1) R is a regular ring if and only if R is a left PP-ring and R is left AP-injective; (2) Let R be a right .AP-injective ring. Then R is self-injective if and only if R is weakly injective. Hence we get some new results of P-injective rings.

轴向喷气对断油高速滚动轴承油膜运动特性影响

高速轴承断油后轴承腔内的油膜运动特性直接影响着轴承的抗断油能力。为进一步提升现有轴承的抗断油能力,采用VOF和多重参考系模型相结合的方法,系统研究喷气位置、喷气流量以及喷气角度变化对断油轴承腔内流体流动和温度场的影响。结果表明:在研究的喷气流量范围内,喷气流量变化对断油后轴承腔内油膜运动影响较小,而喷气位置和喷气角度对断油后轴承腔内的油膜运动特性具有重要影响,喷气位置在保持架上侧和喷气角度为0°时,可以延缓轴承腔内润滑油的流失,使滑油分布更均匀,从而使其具有更好的润滑冷却性能。