Factor input structure,environmental policies,and the export quality upgrade:a perspective of heterogeneity

In the analysis of how environmental regulation affects the comparative advantage of trade,existing literature ignores industry's inherent heterogeneity, which draws remarkably different conclusions. In view of this, the paper analyzed the mechanism of environmental regulation on the export quality of different industries from the perspective of factor input structure heterogeneity. Based on the panel data of China's manufacturing industry, the paper used the system generalized method of moments method to examine the heterogeneity influence of environmental regulation on manufacturing export quality. The study found that, first, environmental regulation affected the export quality upgrade of the manufacturing sector through offset effect and compensation effect, and the direction of the impact would mainly depend on the industry's factor input structure. Second, for industries with larger fixed-asset investment(FAI) ratio in the factor input structure, the current environmental regulation policy was not conducive to the export quality upgrading of the industries. However, there was a significant U-shaped dynamic relationship between them. As environmental regulations became stricter, when regulatory stringency went beyond the inflection point, the policy would promote the upgrading of export quality. But for industries with smaller proportion of FAI, environmental regulation exerted a favorable impact on the export quality upgrade, following a J-shaped marginal growth curve.Third, for industries with different factor input structure, their export quality had been effectively upgraded as expected by factors like human capital investment, independent R&D, technology introduction, and foreign direct investment; but raising per capita capital stock and expanding enterprise size did not produce significant direct impact on export quality upgrade. These conclusions remained robust after using different measurement methods and replacing with other variables. Therefore, this paper suggests that governments should take industry heterogeneity into consideration and formulate differentiated hierarchical environmental policies.Besides, they should strengthen the enforcement of the current environmental regulation policies. By doing so, enterprises are forced to improve their technology and product quality so that they can better cope with rising compliance costs, eliminate backward industries, and resolve excess capacity. In this way, the economic structure would be transformed and upgraded from the supply side.

Positive Research on China’s Economic Growth Quality——Analyze the Fluctuating Situation of the Factor Input and Aggregative Productivity

To analyze China’s fluctuating situation of the factor input and aggregative productivity is not only the main method to seek the source of the economic growth but also the main way to weigh the level of economic growth quality.As to economic growth ofa country,the improvementofthe productivity is extremely important.The growth of the output can be realized through two kinds of ways: increasing the quantity of factor input of or improving the efficiency of the input and output.There fore, the level of economic growth quality does not mainly depend on the amount of invested factor,but the importance of improving the productivity since resources are rare. The relative improvement of efficiency in use of the invested factor marks the economic growing quality.So,in order to understand the economic growth quality of China to some extent, it must analyze Chinese factor input and aggregative productivity. This is the main topic that this text will be probed into.

Influence of Factor Input on Forestry Economic Growth of Jilin Province

Forestry is a fundamental industry of national economy. In social development of human beings,forestry plays an essential role in expanding employment,realizing rural prosperity and safeguarding ecological safety. This paper firstly introduced current development situations of forestry in Jilin Province. Then,it analyzed influence of factor input on forestry economic growth of Jilin Province by linear regression analysis method. Finally,it came up with pertinent recommendations.

Grey Correlation Between Agricultural Input Factors and Regional GDP Growth in Anhui Province

In order to analyze the relation between agricultural input factors and economic growth in Anhui Province,the evaluation index system of agricultural input is built from the perspectives of subject,object and tools based on grey system theory. The government investment in agricultural science and technology is selected as the index of labor subject,that is labor-related index(X1) ,the total sown area of crops is selected as the index of labor object(X2) ,the investment in rural water and electricity construction is chosen as the index of tools(X3) ,and the GDP of Anhui Province is denoted by X0. According to the relevant data,the improved model of grey correlation analysis is adopted to calculate the correlation among the investment in agricultural water and electricity construction,total sown area of crops,government investment in agricultural science and technology,and the GDP in Anhui Province during 2004-2008. Results show that investment in agricultural science and technology contribute the largest to GDP growth,the increase and change of the total sown area and the investment in rural water and electricity construction have a weak correlation with GDP,they are in a less consistent development trend. On this basis,the government of Anhui Province further proposes to increase the investment in agricultural science and technology,enhance the protection of arable lands,keep the total sown area of crops,and properly maintain the rural water and electricity construction.

Grey analysis of the relationship between grain output and major input factor in Guizhou Province:1983-2005

Because conditions for the grain production are not favorable and the input in the production factors ofmodern agriculture is not sufficient, the grain supply has been less than the demand for a long time. By means of greycorrelation analysis, this paper deals with the correlation situation among such input factors as the grain sown area, thetotal power of agricultural machinery, the fertilizer utilization volume, the actual irrigation area, the damage area, thenumber of farming labor force, in order to understand the major restricting and driving forces that have affected thegrain output in the recent 23 years. The analysis shows that the grain sown area and fertilizer utilization volume are thetwo most important leading factors that affect grain production in Guizhou Province, while the damage area and the totalpower of the farming-used machines are the following factors. Fertilizer utilization volume and the actual agriculturalmachinery and irrigation area are the two increasingly influential factors that affect grain production. The influence of thefarming labor force upon grain production became less strong. The main measures to increase grain production outputin Guizhou Province are to stabilize the arable land, increase the actual irrigation area, expedite the transfer of thefarming labor force and increase the input of modern agriculture.

Rice Growers' Behavior of Productive Capital Input and the Influencing Factors——A Case Study of the Jiamusi Area in Heilongjiang Province

This article conducts empirical analysis of rice growers' behavior of productive capital input and the influencing factors,using the input-output survey data concerning rice growing by 305 peasant households in 2009 in Huanan County and Huachuan County,Jiamusi City,Heilongjiang Province.I use Logit model to carry out econometric test of factors influencing the possibility of fixed productive investment.The test results show that family size,the proportion of non-agricultural employment,the average educational level of households,farmland area,household farming income,credit level,peasant households' expectation of the minimum purchase price of rice,have significant effect on whether to conduct fixed productive investment,whether there are disasters has no significant effect on the scale of peasant households' productive investment.Then I use Tobit model to carry out econometric test of factors influencing the scale of productive capital input.The results show that family size,the proportion of non-agricultural employment,the average educational level of households,farmland area,household farming income,credit level and family housing value,peasant households' expectation of the minimum purchase price of rice,whether there are disasters,have significant effect on the scale of peasant households' productive investment.On the basis of model test results,in order to promote the rice growers to increase fixed productive input and increase productive capital input,rational recommendations are put forward as follows:raising the minimum purchase price of rice,scaling up rice growing,making every effort to promote the educational level of rice growers,ensuring that the rice growers obtain productive capital input loans timely.

Farmers' Behaviors on Agricultural Technology Inputs and the Influencing Factors of Their Behaviors——Based on the Investigation of 276 Rural Households in Deyang City, Sichuan Province

On the basis of expounding farmers' behaviors on agricultural technology inputs studied by the foreign scholars; relying on the investigation data of 276 rural households in Deyang City, Sichuan Province and by using the Logistic Regression model, the farmers' behaviors on agricultural technology inputs and the influencing factors on their behaviors are analyzed. The results show the main factors that influence farmers; behaviors on agricultural inputs are whether they have the assistance of agricultural technology personnel; the choices of plantation; non-agricultural income; area of land management; the expectation on land ownership, whether it has township enterprises and the proportion of the non-agricultural labor forces and some other factors. The influencing degree of these factors descends from strong to weak. On the strength of the study results, the countermeasures on increasing local farmers' inputs on agricultural technology are put forward from the aspects of stabilizing rural land property, establishing scientific land transfer mechanism and intensifying the governmental functions of agro-technical station.

深度协同感知的因子分解机

因子分解机(Factorization Machines,FM)在不同的输入实例中对每个特征产生单一的固定表示,忽略了特征的多语义特性,限制了点击率(Click-through Rate,CTR)预估模型的表示和预测能力.针对这一问题,提出一种深度协同感知的因子分解机模型,引入多语义交互感知网络和三重输入感知网络,通过多语义的特征域交互并融合不同层级的特征交互信息学习不同样本的感知因子,从而获得更加准确的特征表示.通过模型对比实验和消融实验表明:该模型可以有效提升点击率预测的准确性.

技术融合与企业出口产品质量--来自中国工业企业的经验证据

技术融合是提高科技成果转化和产业化水平、实现经济高质量发展取得新突破的关键。推动中国迈向贸易强国的背景下,研究技术融合究竟如何影响中国企业出口产品质量的问题尤为重要。使用2000—2013年中国工业企业数据作为研究样本,构建固定效应模型,系统考察技术融合对企业出口产品质量的影响及作用机制。研究发现,技术融合的深化显著提升了企业出口产品质量。异质性分析表明,技术融合对企业出口产品质量的提升作用在非国有企业、非外资企业以及沿海企业中表现更为突出。机制检验发现,技术融合深化能够提升企业全要素生产率以及固定成本投入效率,最终实现企业出口产品质量升级;市场化程度以及政府支持力度会在技术融合提升企业出口产品质量过程中发挥正向调节作用。因此,应进一步深化技术融合,搭建高效的交流合作平台,加速优质要素资源流动,重点培育本土企业自主创新能力,实现出口产品质量升级。

Study on comparison between absolute and relative input energy spectra and effects of ductility factor

Based on 266 strong ground motion records, an attenuation relationship was developed for both absolute and relative input energy spectra. The comparison of the two kinds of input energy spectra constructed from the attenuation relationship was made in this paper. The results show that there is little difference between the absolute input energy spectra and relative input energy spectra at the periods of 0.5-1.0 s for elastic systems and at the period of 0.5 s for inelastic systems. The absolute input energy spectra are much larger than relative input energy spectra in very short period range but some less than relative input energy spectra in long period range. It is also found that the ductility factor has a significant effect on both absolute and relative input energy spectra. The absolute input energy spectra increase with the increasing of ductility factor in the period range of less than 0.3 s but decrease in the period range of larger than 0.3 s. The absolute input energy spectra for different ductility factor are almost equivalent at the period about 0.3 s, but for relative input energy spectra, the period is about 0.5 s. The effect of ductility on the relative input energy spectra in the short period range is much larger than that on the absolute input energy spectra, especially on the softer site class.

中国战略性新兴产业投入产出表编制及部门结构分析

编制2020年战略性新兴产业投入产出表对深入考察战略性新兴产业现状、合理配置行业资源、调整产业结构具有深远意义。编制过程中的主要难点在于分离系数的确定,为此文章创新性地将时间比例因子漂移法与传统就业人数法相结合,有效提升了数据的科学性,为常常受制于数据可获得性的分离系数提供了有效参考。基于时间比例因子漂移法的编制结果表明,战略性新兴产业部门大多存在乘数效应和溢出效应强的现象,相较而言,反馈效应占比则处于弱势;战略性新兴产业需求对劳动者报酬的拉动主要是由技术更新换代较快的产业,如新一代信息技术产业所引发;进一步地,由网络密度、凝聚子群、网络出入度从供需视角观测战略性新兴产业部门间经济技术联系程度并分辨产业链中的上下游部门。

一个包含数据要素的经济增长模型:生产率效应与数据要素化

数字经济时代,数据成为独立生产要素,是科技创新的新引擎和经济高质量发展的新动能。从纯数字资产与数据匹配性投入共同组成数据要素化投入的角度理解数据生产要素化,使用数据匹配性投入综合得分对中国数据要素化投入进行时空分析和生产率效应分析。结果表明,中国数据要素化投入存在明显的区域差异,基于数据要素化投入对经济产出的积极作用,其对区域经济协调发展具有重要作用;数据匹配性投入价格持续下降会影响生产要素间的交互作用,数据生产要素的使用带来生产方式的根本变革;数据生产要素化基于数据间的互联互通和经济融合,能够加快数据确权,促进生产要素合理配置,从而推动产业创新和经济高质量发展。

我国行业间尾部风险溢出的测度及时空驱动因素研究

基于经济金融的共生共荣关系,本文采用LASSO分位数回归构建我国金融与实体行业间的尾部风险网络,利用复杂网络分析法对行业间尾部风险溢出进行测度分析,并从时空两个维度探讨行业尾部风险溢出的驱动因素。研究结果显示,第一,我国经济金融系统中的31个行业形成了“牵一发而动全身”的尾部关联网络,金融行业间、实体行业间以及金融与实体行业之间均存在密切的尾部关联,而且在与实体行业的互动中,金融行业内部存在结构性不平衡。第二,经济金融系统中的风险传染源既可能来自金融行业,也有可能来自实体行业,银行、医药生物、计算机和建筑装饰是经济金融系统中重要的“风险驱动者”。第三,在空间维度上,行业间投入产出关联越密切,其尾部风险溢出水平越高,且相比前向关联,后向关联对行业间尾部风险溢出的解释力更强,即尾部风险主要沿产业链从下游向上游行业进行逆向传导;两两行业间的收益相关性和波动相关性越高,尾部风险溢出越强;行业自身风险水平越高,其接收其他行业的尾部风险溢出越强。在时间维度上,宏观经济环境和融资环境是行业尾部风险溢出动态变化的主要驱动因素。

社会保险缴费调整、企业资源配置效率与宏观经济效应

文章实证检验了社会保险缴费调整对企业资源配置效率的影响及其宏观经济效应。研究发现,社会保险费率上调挤出了企业资本要素投入,企业难以维系过度依赖人口红利的增长模式,企业整体资源配置效率显著下降;社会保险费率上调通过提高劳动成本,降低企业内部现金流和增加外部融资约束,从而对投资产生了挤出效应;社会保险费率上调通过增加实际缴费额,受融资约束的企业以降低参保程度的方式降低劳动投入。此外,养老金费率降到16%时,样本期间所有企业的总量生产率年均提升了4.24%,说明社会保险降费有助于从成本端提升企业的中长期竞争力。该研究对深入理解社会保险降费引致经济增长的微观企业传导路径具有重要意义。

广东省高校教师工作投入现状及影响因素研究

采用Rich等开发编制的工作投入量表,即18项JES量表,对广东省12所高校的600位教师发放问卷,回收有效问卷540份,采用SPSS20.0统计软件进行分析。调查结果表明:广东省高校教师工作投入处于较高水平,受年龄、学历、工作时间和月收入状况等因素的影响显著。据此,从广东高校教师个体特征角度,提出从认知重塑、关系重塑、合理宣泄情绪和提高能力素养,增强工作成就感等方面入手,来提高高校教师的工作投入水平。

企业数字化对关键核心技术创新的影响——基于1999~2021年集成电路产业专利数据的实证研究

关键核心技术是国之重器,要突破关键核心技术“卡脖子”难题,企业数字化是重要的赋能手段。本文以1999~2021年中国集成电路产业上市公司的专利数据为研究样本,对其技术核心指数进行测度,识别筛选关键核心技术,并实证检验企业数字化对关键核心技术创新的影响,揭示其异质性特征、作用机制与调节效应。研究发现:集成电路产业关键技术核心指数均值和关键核心技术数量整体呈波动上升趋势,但企业间分布不均衡;企业数字化程度的提升对关键核心技术创新有显著的促进作用,且这种作用存在规模层面和区域层面的异质性;企业数字化对关键核心技术创新的赋能作用通过影响研发要素投入实现,并受企业研发与运营经验的调节。

高速磁浮铁路项目经济评价中相关参数取值问题研究

高速磁浮铁路是我国科技发展的重要方向,对于推动相关行业发展具有重要的引领作用。近年来,国家和地方分别推出了系列推进高速磁浮铁路发展的规划纲要。经过多年的研究探索,我国高速磁浮铁路形成了常导电磁、超导电动、超导钉扎3种制式的综合研究平台和大量研究成果,尤其是速度600km/h的常导磁浮技术已具备工程化试验及示范线运营的技术条件。磁浮铁路建设项目的审批、规划及落地,均需要以经济效益分析为支撑来决策,为此基于磁浮铁路的技术特征,分别从高速磁浮铁路的建设成本、运营成本等投入因素,以及运价、运量等产出因素,展开经济评价参数取值方法研究,为磁浮铁路经济性评价的不断深化研究打下基础。

基于输入输出线性化的三电平Boost PFC控制策略

针对传统双闭环控制动态调节时间过长的问题,提出了一种基于输入输出线性化的三电平Boost PFC变换器控制策略。首先,分析了三电平Boost PFC变换器的工作模态,建立了状态空间方程;然后,推导出三电平Boost PFC变换器输入输出非线性模型,判断线性化的可行性,进而对系统进行线性化;最后,利用经典控制理论设计控制器,并增加电压平衡控制,保证变换器的中点电位平衡。仿真结果表明:负载恒定时,输入电流可跟随输入电压相位变化并保持正弦波形,电流波形更为平滑;负载跳变时,电压电流调节迅速,输出电压除纹波稍有变化外,电压平均值保持恒定。证明了所提控制策略具备良好的动、静态特性及强鲁棒性。

不同降水驱动的SWAT模型参数不确定性研究

以抚河流域与黑河流域为研究区,应用4种降水产品(CMORPH CMA、CMFD、CMADS、MSWEP)驱动SWAT模型模拟日流量,评估4种降水产品在湿润区与干旱区的适用性;使用自适应降维评估法选出流域的敏感参数,并进行一致性检验。结果表明:抚河流域4种降水产品的纳什效率系数(NSE)均在0.70以上,其中CMORPH CMA和CMADS的NSE均能达到0.82;黑河流域CMORPH CMA和CMADS的NSE大于等于0.76,而CMFD和MSWEP的NSE分别为0.72和0.74。抚河流域4种降水产品具有相同的敏感参数;黑河流域CMORPH CMA和CMADS有相同的6个敏感参数,而CMFD和MSWEP则分别有5个和8个敏感参数。4种降水产品在湿润流域和干旱流域都能得到较好的应用效果,但是CMORPH CMA和CMADS的模拟效果要优于CMFD和MSWEP。不同的降水输入也会对模型参数敏感性分析的结果产生影响,当降水表现越接近时,所筛选的敏感性参数也越相似。