Mendelian randomization provides evidence for a causal effect of serum insulin-like growth factor family concentration on risk of atrial fibrillation

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation(AF)is one of the most common persistent arrhythmias among adult cardiovascular diseases.It is important to identify potential risk factors for AF.Members of the insulin-like growth factor(IGF)family exert a variety of effects on various cell types in the context of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases,and previous population-based studies indicate associations between IGF family members and AF.However,the causal effects of IGF family members in AF have not been evaluated.assess genetic relationships between IGF family members and AF.METHODS MR was performed based on genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets,and concentration levels of 14 IGF family members were retrieved.An initial MR analysis was conducted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms potentially associated with IGF serum concentrations.A GWAS meta-analysis including 60620 AF cases and 970216 control participants of European ancestry was then conducted to identify AF causal effects.Two-sample MR packages were used to perform MR analysis in R.MR-Egger,weighted median(WM),and inverse va-riance weighted(IVW)methods were used.RESULTS Core Tip:Due to the high prevalence of atrial fibrillation(AF),and adverse outcomes related to it,it is important to identify risk factors associated with development of the condition.Insulin-like growth factor(IGF)family members exert a variety of effects on various cell types in the context of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases,and previous population-based studies indicate associations between IGF family members and AF.However,the causal effects of IGF family members in AF have not been evaluated.The results of the current study provide novel insights on the pathogenesis of AF,and implic-ations of serum IGF family member concentrations when assessing the risk of AF.The study generated evidence on the potential roles of developmental pathological effects in the pathogenesis of AF.Further observational and experimental studies are critically needed.

Effect of culture methods on individual variation in the growth of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus within a cohort and family

There is substantial individual variation in the growth rates of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus individuals. This necessitates additional work to grade the seed stock and lengthens the production period. We evaluated the infl uence of three culture methods(free-mixed, isolated-mixed, isolated-alone) on individual variation in growth and assessed the relationship between feeding, energy conversion efficiency, and individual growth variation in individually cultured sea cucumbers. Of the different culture methods, animals grew best when reared in the isolated-mixed treatment(i.e., size classes were held separately), though there was no difference in individual variation in growth between rearing treatment groups. The individual variation in growth was primarily attributed to genetic factors. The difference in food conversion efficiency caused by genetic differences among individuals was thought to be the origin of the variance. The level of individual growth variation may be altered by interactions among individuals and environmental heterogeneity. Our results suggest that, in addition to traditional seed grading, design of a new kind of substrate that changes the spatial distribution of sea cucumbers would effectively enhance growth and reduce individual variation in growth of sea cucumbers in culture.

Growth Index Measurement and Family Type Classification of Acacia mearnsii Plantation

Growth indexes of 47 7-year-old progeny forests of Acacia mearnsii in Huangmian forest farm were measured. A. mearnsii plantation was managed for producing both tannin and timber, and considering the tannin yield and timber volume growth index, the family types fall into superior family type(the superior type), to-be superior type(the medium type), and preliminarily eliminated type(the elimination type). Eight superior families can be used for production, namely No.169, No.114, No.177, No.32, No.3, No.145, No.158 and No.134.

Determination of Business Strategies Using SWOT Analysis;Planning and Managing the Organizational Resources to Enhance Growth and Profitability

A SWOT analysis is the method to evaluate the internal weaknesses and strengths of an organization as well as evaluating the threats and opportunities of its external environment.This is considered as an effective framework to plan and manage the organizational resources to achieve certain goals in a specific period of time.The purpose of implementing SWOT analysis in an organization is to formulate the strategy of a business based on existing internal and external factors.There may be several disadvantages associated with running a SWOT analysis;however,its efficiency in determining the future strategy of a business is more indeed.Although the origin of SWOT analysis is uncertain,there is a long historical background about its uses to facilitate the decision-making process in every complex environment.The final result of a SWOT analysis can be presented in a matrix which is a combination of the four factors and determines strengths and weaknesses that a company involves,with opportunities and threats that it may face.This article provides a study of SWOT analysis basics and provides several practical insights of steps to provide a SWOT matrix.

The Dynamic Model of Intellectual Capital Creation in Family Business:The Dynamic Capabilities Perspective

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of knowledge and learning as a dynamic capability that leads to competitive advantage in family firms.It further conceptually develops a model showing the relationship between intellectual capital,firm performance,and dynamic capabilities in family firms.This study highlights knowledge accumulation,knowledge integration,knowledge codification,and the preservation of socioemotional wealth(SEW)as a set of dynamic capabilities.Such capabilities allow a family firm to sense and seize business opportunities and gain competitive advantages.Findings from the case applications reveal that family businesses benefit from the accumulation of knowledge through expertise,skills,and employment of non-family members and having family involvement as important strategic assets that lead to increased value in family firms’performance.

Oerlikon Group Growth momentum continued in all businesses–guidance raised for full-year

"We are pleased to announce another quarter of profitable growth,"said Dr.Roland Fischer,CEO of Oerlikon Group."Our positive performance confirms that our strategy addresses attractive markets,our initiatives and activities are delivering positive results,and we are able to take advantage of the growth momentum and opportunities in our end markets.Consequently,we are in a position to increase our full-year expectations for the second time this year."

未来趙势:Business to Family

“物业行业已拥有10家上市公司和60家新三板挂牌企业之时,十年内,物业所拥有的上市公司数量,能做到房地产行业的一半,(物业交易量)也将远远超过房地产交易。”花样年集团董事局主席潘军在第四届中城联盟论坛上说。

13个柚木种源/家系生长表现研究

[目的]了解国内柚木种源/家系的遗传变异特征,选育更多适应性强的优良种质。[方法]对采集自海南尖峰岭等地的13个种源/家系进行造林试验,在5、10、37 a时测定树高、胸径,应用方差分析方法进行差异性分析和重复力估算,运用偏相关分析揭示生长因子与地理及气候因子的相关性,进而筛选优良种质。[结果](1)不同种源/家系间37 a生时保存率、树高、胸径、单株材积差异显著,其变化范围分别为68.81%~94.29%、11.72~16.03 m、11.33~17.92 cm、0.0844~0.3291 m^(3)。(2)树高、胸径、材积重复力分别为0.6077、0.5131、0.6344。(3)保存率、树高与地理坐标、气候因子相关不显著;胸径和单株材积与海拔(r=0.938^(**),r=0.868^(**))、年均温(r=0.914^(**),r=0.844^(**))显著正相关,与经度(r=-0.913^(**),r=-0.735^(*))、距离(r=-0.923^(**),r=-0.832^(**))显著负相关。(4)聚类分析结果表明,37 a生时,种源/家系7514的保存率、树高、胸径和单株材积表现最好,8440表现最差,其次是75129。[结论]不同种源/家系间保存率、树高、胸径、单株材积差异显著,树高、单株材积有较高的重复力。柚木引种宜选择年均气温相近且距离较近的种源/家系以获得较好的遗传表现,对于凭祥当地而言,种源/家系7514适宜广泛推广种植。

职业院校家庭经济困难学生成长支持研究——基于职业素养提升视角

进入新发展阶段,职业院校要把满足低收入家庭子女接受更好教育的新期待作为资助工作的出发点和落脚点,针对性实施职业素养教育,体系化支持家庭经济困难学生成长成才,推进资助育人从保障型向发展型延伸。从需求焦点、政策基点和实践落点等三方面厘清职业素养支撑职业院校帮困助学工作内涵建设的逻辑。我国应做好顶层设计,加强体制机制建设;研制教学内容,筑牢职业素养教育阵地;灵活运用各种教学方法、突出个人“全生活修炼”,提升困难学生综合竞争力,助力人力资源强国建设。

产业集群社会资本能够打破传承期家族企业创新约束吗?——基于战略参考点转移的研究

探究传承期家族企业的创新问题,对正面临代际传承和国家创新驱动发展战略双重挑战的家族企业具有重要的理论和现实意义。基于战略参考点理论,本文提出对于传承期的家族企业而言,产业集群社会资本是驱动其战略参考点转移以及缓解创新约束的关键因素。对产业集群家族企业调查数据进行统计分析的检验结果表明:处于传承期的家族企业以保持家族控制这一内部导向的战略参考点为主导,从而抑制其创新活动;随着产业集群社会资本的提升,传承期家族企业战略参考点会“由内转外”,具有更强的外部导向,因此能够缓解传承期对家族企业创新的抑制。拓展研究发现,产业集群社会资本通过提升传承期家族企业风险承担能力促进其创新行为。无论是以创新投入还是以新产品创新作为家族企业创新行为的反映,以上结论均得到支持。研究揭示了产业集群社会资本对传承期家族企业战略参考点变化的重要作用,有助于引导和鼓励家族企业提高传承期的创新投入,最终实现“基业长青”。

一种基于FP-Growth数据挖掘算法和正则表达式进行车驾管系统智能监管的实现方式

本文基于公安交通管理综合应用平台车驾管业务登记事项内容和基于传统表结构的车驾管数据库后台,通过FP-Growth数据挖掘算法和正则表达式,对前台窗口输入数据和数据库已有数据进行自动模式匹配,自动过滤错误数据或进行数据业务信息预警,实现对车驾管业务进行事中和事后监督,从而提高数据质量,完成业务监管。本文先介绍FP-Growth的概念及运行机制,自动挖掘数据中的规律的方法,再介绍正则表达式对系统前端数据的初步过滤方法,最后给出整套的数据监管流程。本文主要在理论层面讲述监管的运行原理和小规模实验结论,因实验环境设备所限,不涉及大量数据库真实数据的操作。最后对该算法的优化方向进行了讨论。

滇西南29年生柚木种源/家系多性状综合选择

[目的]通过对滇西南柚木种源/家系试验林早期与29年生的适应性、生长和形质性状进行综合评价,旨在为当地选出适应性强、速生、形质优良的柚木种源/家系。[方法]从国内外收集了34个柚木种源和家系,采用完全随机区组设计,(2×2)株小区,8次重复,调查、分析和比较试验林早期2~8年生与29年生的保存率和生长差异,对29年生种源/家系的保存率和优势木生长与形质性状采用主分量分析,综合评价出优良种源/家系。[结果]早期2~8年生柚木种源/家系间的保存率差异均不显著,而29年生保存率种源/家系间差异呈极显著;但2~8年生和29年生种源/家系间生长和形质性状的差异均达到极显著,2~8年生最好种源/家系的平均树高、平均胸径和平均单株材积分别是生长最差的1.38~1.91倍、1.63~2.18倍和3.82~5.17倍,而29年生最好种源优势木的平均树高、平均胸径、平均单株材积、树干通直度和主干材高分别是最差种源的1.81倍、1.87倍、4.84倍、2.18倍和12.89倍,通过优良种源/家系选择可获得较大的增产效益。29年生种源/家系的保存率和优势木生长性状与4~8年生优势木的生长性状均呈显著至极显著相关;29年生种源/家系的优势木树干通直度与优势木各生长性状、优势木主干材高与优势木的平均树高和单株材积生长相关显著至极显著。29年生种源/家系保存率、生长和形质性状主成分分析的前三个主分量累积贡献率达97.63%,根据种源/家系在前三个主分量的综合得分,按20%的入选率评选出7个优良种源/家系:种源8410、8603、8407、8602、85131、1007和家系7564#。[结论]29年生入选的7个种源/家系的优势木树高、胸径、单株材积、树干通直度和主干材高的遗传增益分别为7.92%、9.39%、14.74%、7.06%和12.29%,其中来自云南陇川林场种源8410和海南尖峰岭种源8603更适宜当地生长。

我国家庭农场的研究进展——基于CiteSacep的可视化分析

为梳理家庭农场相关研究脉络并预测其发展方向,运用CiteSpace软件对CNKI数据库2005—2021年“家庭农场”研究主题的文献进行可视化分析。研究表明该领域发文数量总体呈上升趋势,共经历低水平浮动阶段、快速上升阶段和大幅波动阶段,并在2015年达到发文数量顶峰135篇。通过对作者和机构的文献共被引分析,发现该领域较为稳定的核心作者共15位,以杜志雄、郭熙保和高强分别为首的研究团队具有较强的影响力;就研究机构而言,网络密度为0.0026,科研机构间合作强度较弱、科研水平相差较大,且发文量高的科研机构多集中于农林类高校院系;在家庭农场主题的研究热点上,“家庭农场”“农业社会化服务”“粮食安全”等聚类组合研究倍受研究者的青睐;凸显词探测显示“乡村振兴”凸显强度最高为12.9055,“小农户”“规模经营”“农地流转”“人力资本”等关键词凸显强度紧随其后,这也标志着家庭农场未来的研究方向可能继续由此展开。

企业社会责任、高管团队多元化与企业成长性

企业社会责任是一种有价值的企业战略管理方式,是引领家族企业继续前进和发展的重要驱动力。选取2016—2021年中国上市家族企业为研究样本,基于社会情感财富理论,探究企业社会责任与企业成长性的关系,并在此基础上进一步探究高管团队多元化对其关系的调节作用。研究表明:企业履行社会责任对企业成长性具有显著正向影响;股权高度集中的家族企业不利于企业成长发展;高管团队多元化对企业社会责任与企业成长性的正向关系具有促进作用;相较于小型家族企业,企业规模较大的家族企业其社会责任对企业成长性的促进作用更为显著。因此,家族企业应建立和完善相应的社会责任管理体系;重视人才发展和培养,优化高管团队结构;巩固社会网络关系,积极参与社区建设,以此促进企业成长性发展。

商业关联和政治关联对科技型中小企业成长的影响

企业社会关联可能是影响科技型中小企业成长的一个关键因素。而已有关于商业关联、政治关联与企业成长之间关系的研究在对新创企业以外其他不同类型企业情境下的实证研究相对匮乏,也缺乏对环境动态性这一重要情景变量在企业网络关系与企业成长中的作用研究,此外考虑商业关联和政治关联之间的互动关系及其对企业成长影响的研究也不足。因此,以开放式创新理论与资源依赖观为基础,探讨商业关联和政治关联对科技型中小企业成长的影响机制,以及环境动态性在其中的调节效应。通过对282份来自中国科技型中小企业的有效调查问卷数据进行回归分析,结果显示:商业关联显著正向影响科技型中小企业成长,但不具有倒“U”型关系,认为主要原因是商业关联为科技型中小企业所带来的资源效益仍然高于建立与维系商业关联的投入成本和互惠陷阱;而政治关联对科技型中小企业成长产生倒“U”型影响,适度的政治关联有助于促进科技型中小企业成长,而当政治关联的强度超过一定临界值后,科技型中小企业的资源可能会更多地被投入到发展其他能力等方面,从而对企业成长产生消极作用;商业关联与政治关联的交互作用负向影响科技型中小企业成长;环境动态性负向调节商业关联对科技型中小企业成长的正向影响,即环境动态性越高,商业关联对科技型中小企业成长的促进作用越弱。为此,科技型中小企业必须谨慎使用政治关联,平衡商业关联与政治关联的强度,有效整合两种外部社会关联所带来的资源。

股权再融资能促进“专精特新”企业发展吗?

构建现代化产业体系,推动经济高质量发展,需要高质量企业发挥领军作用。作为细分领域的领导者,“专精特新”企业具备领先的技术水平和产品质量,在制造业中起到了支柱作用,单项冠军企业是“专精特新”企业群体的代表。以2010—2021年上市单项冠军企业为研究样本,实证检验了股权再融资对“专精特新”企业主营业务增长率的影响。结果显示:股权再融资能够促进“专精特新”企业的主营业务收入增长率的增长,且这一结论具有稳健性;提高创新投入、提高生产能力在这一过程中起到了中介作用;异质性分析发现,在数字化转型程度高、管理层薪酬水平高的“专精特新”企业中,股权再融资才能有效发挥对主营业务收入的积极作用;进一步研究发现,股权再融资在“专精特新”企业的培育体系中发挥着重要作用,能够显著促进一般的“专精特新”企业成长为单项冠军企业,同时也证明了单项冠军企业作为“专精特新”企业中的排头兵,对当地其他“专精特新”企业主营业务发展起到了显著的带动作用。研究为论证股权再融资的积极影响提供了经验证据,并且对于如何有效发挥金融对实体经济的支持作用,以金融赋能“专精特新”企业发展提供了启示。

儒家文化词典的构建及运用——基于家族企业的实证检验

通过科学的构建体现儒家文化的词典及指标,进一步研究儒家文化这只无形的手对家族企业行为的影响。基于此,尝试通过自然语言处理技术,构建能够测量企业儒家文化的词典及指标,并提出儒家文化三环模型。研究发现:(1)儒家文化内涵以伦理观为核心,随着个体关系的延伸而动态发展,边界模糊且呈差序格局,大致分为三个维度。(2)儒家文化影响家族企业的慈善捐赠行为,即受儒家文化影响程度越深,其慈善捐赠越多。(3)高管海外背景对儒家文化与慈善捐赠的关系起正向调节作用。在进一步分析中发现,企业规模越大的家族企业,儒家文化对慈善捐赠的积极影响越明显。