Introduction:Modern intensive rice production has brought a large amount of environmental pollution and do not guarantee the safety of rice quality.Thus,to improve the farmer's rice production model to reduce agro...Introduction:Modern intensive rice production has brought a large amount of environmental pollution and do not guarantee the safety of rice quality.Thus,to improve the farmer's rice production model to reduce agro-chemicals is of great importance to decrease pollution and to guarantee the security of food quality.Here,our experiments illustrated that nomadic rice-duck complex ecosystem(RD)could reduce energy input and increase both energy output and the values of the product safety index based on energy(PSI).Results:According to the results of our experiments,RD and rice monoculture production system(RM)were-0.6 and-0.78,respectively,which indicated that the safety potential of products in RD was higher than that of RM.Protein yield based on RD was significantly higher than that of RM.The output/input,gross income,and net income of RD were 15.26%,39.51%,and 44.80%,respectively,higher than that of RM;the data suggest that the economic benefits of RD were greater than that of RM.Conclusions:Consequently,as an intermediate-type technology,RD could become a feasible alternative that could reduce agro-chemical application rate without decreasing rice yield and increasing labor intensity.Furthermore,as an inheritance and development of the Chinese farming culture,RD is a classic Chinese farming technology withstanding more than 700 years of tests.展开更多
文摘Introduction:Modern intensive rice production has brought a large amount of environmental pollution and do not guarantee the safety of rice quality.Thus,to improve the farmer's rice production model to reduce agro-chemicals is of great importance to decrease pollution and to guarantee the security of food quality.Here,our experiments illustrated that nomadic rice-duck complex ecosystem(RD)could reduce energy input and increase both energy output and the values of the product safety index based on energy(PSI).Results:According to the results of our experiments,RD and rice monoculture production system(RM)were-0.6 and-0.78,respectively,which indicated that the safety potential of products in RD was higher than that of RM.Protein yield based on RD was significantly higher than that of RM.The output/input,gross income,and net income of RD were 15.26%,39.51%,and 44.80%,respectively,higher than that of RM;the data suggest that the economic benefits of RD were greater than that of RM.Conclusions:Consequently,as an intermediate-type technology,RD could become a feasible alternative that could reduce agro-chemical application rate without decreasing rice yield and increasing labor intensity.Furthermore,as an inheritance and development of the Chinese farming culture,RD is a classic Chinese farming technology withstanding more than 700 years of tests.
