BACKGROUND In cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),favipiravir is commonly included to the therapy regimen.Drug interactions between favipiravir and other COVID-19 therapy drugs are frequently researched.Howeve...BACKGROUND In cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),favipiravir is commonly included to the therapy regimen.Drug interactions between favipiravir and other COVID-19 therapy drugs are frequently researched.However,no research on possible drug interactions between Favipiravir and radiocontrast agents,which have become almost crucial in diagnostic processes while not being part of the treatment,has been found.AIM To determine potential medication interactions between Favipiravir and radiocontrast agents.METHODS The study comprised patients who were taking Favipiravir for COVID-19 therapy and underwent a contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)test while taking the medicine.The computerized patient files of the cases included in the study,as well as the pharmacovigilance forms in the designated hospital,were evaluated for this purpose.RESULTS The study included the evaluation of data from 1046 patients.The study sample's mean age was 47.23±9.48 years.The mean age of cases with drug interactions was statistically significant greater than that of cases with no drug interactions(P=0.003).When evaluated with logistic regression analysis,a 1-year raises in age increases the risk of developing drug interactions by 1.63 times(P=0.023).There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of medication interactions between the sexes(P=0.090).Possible medication interactions were discovered in 42 cases(4%).CONCLUSION The findings of this study revealed that the most notable findings as a result of the combined use of contrast agents and favipiravir were increased creatinine and transaminase values,as well as an increase in the frequency of nausea and vomiting.The majority of drug interactions discovered were modest enough that they were not reflected in the clinic.Drug interactions become more common as people get older.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of confirmed infections worldwide.This pandemic has prompted researchers to produce medications or vaccines to reduce or stop the progressio...The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of confirmed infections worldwide.This pandemic has prompted researchers to produce medications or vaccines to reduce or stop the progression and spread of this disease.A variety of previously licensed and marketed medications are being tested for the treatment and recurrence of SARS-CoV2,including favipiravir(Avigan).Favipiravir was recognized as an influenza antiviral drug in Japan in 2014,and has been known to have a potential in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2,in addition to its broad therapeutic safety scope.Favipiravir was recently approved and officially used in many countries worldwide.Our review provides insights and up-to-date knowledge of the current role of favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 infection,focusing on preclinical and ongoing clinical trials,evidence of its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19,side effects,anti-viral mechanism,and the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug in the treatment of COVID-19.Due to its teratogenic effects,favipiravir cannot be offered to expectant or pregnant mothers.The practical efficacy of such an intervention regimen will depend on its dose,treatment duration,and cost as well as difficulties in application.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic stimulates research works to find a solution to this crisis from starting 2020 year up to now.With ending of the 2021-year,various advances in pharmacotherapy agai...BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic stimulates research works to find a solution to this crisis from starting 2020 year up to now.With ending of the 2021-year,various advances in pharmacotherapy against COVID-19 have emerged.Regarding antiviral therapy,casirivimab and imdevimab antibody combination is a type of new immunotherapy against COVID-19.Standard antiviral therapy against COVID-19 includes Remdesivir and Favipiravir.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of antibodies cocktail(casirivimab and imdevimab)compared to standard antiviral therapy in reducing the need for invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV).METHODS 265 COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction confirmed patients with indication for antiviral therapy were included in this study and were divided into 3 groups(1:2:2):Group A:REGN3048-3051 antibodies cocktail(casirivimab and imdevimab),group B:Remdesivir,group C:Favipiravir.The study design is a single-blind nonrandomized controlled trial Mansoura University Hospital owns the study’s drugs.The duration of the study was about 6 mo after ethical approval.RESULTS Casirivimab and imdevimab achieve less need for O2 therapy and IMV,with less duration of this need than remdesivir and favipiravir.CONCLUSION Group A(casirivimab and imdevimab)achieve better clinical outcomes than groups B(remdesivir)and C(favipiravir)intervention groups.展开更多
In late Dec.2019,a huge number of pneumonia cases caused by novel coronavirus were reported in China.2019-nCoV pandemic has influenced on millions of people's life across the world.This novel coronavirus was ident...In late Dec.2019,a huge number of pneumonia cases caused by novel coronavirus were reported in China.2019-nCoV pandemic has influenced on millions of people's life across the world.This novel coronavirus was identified to be similar with MERS and SARS.Therefore,researchers and academicians across the world still trying to find out vaccines,new drug molecules against SARS-CoV-2.The principle point of this review article is to explain the activity of favipiravir in preventing COVID-19.In view of constrained data available in the literature,we specify that favipiravir treatment,among all other anti-viral drugs,accompanied by oxygen inhalation therapy,maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance,and nutritional support may be helpful in fighting COVID-19.Researches were done on already approved existing anti-viral drugs for treating ebola virus,influenza virus infection and many such anti-viral agents like favipiravir,ritonavir,remdesivir,ribavirin,oseltamivir shows promising results in preventing COVID-19 infection and their clinical trials are currently undergoing in order to discover proper treatment of COVID-19.Among the aforementioned drug candidates,a broad-spectrum RNA polymerase inhibitor favipiravir,which demonstrated a promising tolerance profile and anti-viral efficacy in patients having COVID-19 manifestations.展开更多
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)has developed into an unprecedented global pandemic.Nucleoside analogs,such as Remdesivir and Favipiravir,can serve as the firstline broad-spec...The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)has developed into an unprecedented global pandemic.Nucleoside analogs,such as Remdesivir and Favipiravir,can serve as the firstline broad-spectrum antiviral drugs by targeting the viral polymerases.However,the underlying mechanisms for the antiviral efficacies of these drugs are far from well understood.Here,we reveal that Favipiravir,as a pyrazine derivative,could be incorporated into the viral RNA products by mimicking both adenine and guanine nucleotides.This drug thus inhibits viral replication mainly by inducing mutations in progeny RNAs,different from Remdesivir or other RNA-terminating nucleoside analogs that impair the elongation of RNA products.We further determined the cryo-EM structure of Favipiravir bound to the replicating polymerase complex of SARSCoV-2 in the pre-catalytic state.This structure provides a missing snapshot for visualizing the catalysis dynamics of coronavirus polymerase,and reveals an unexpected base-pairing pattern between Favipiravir and pyrimidine residues that may explain its capacity for mimicking both adenine and guanine nucleotides.These findings shed light on the mechanism of coronavirus polymerase catalysis and provide a rational basis for developing antiviral drugs to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.展开更多
Anti-influenza drugs are one of themost critical pathways for control of influenza virus infection.Drugs that have been developed or are developing may function via different mechanisms,and so far,inhibitors of influe...Anti-influenza drugs are one of themost critical pathways for control of influenza virus infection.Drugs that have been developed or are developing may function via different mechanisms,and so far,inhibitors of influenza virus polymerase are among the most promising types of drugs.Favipiravir and Baloxavir,also named T-705 and Xofluza respectively,have been approved for influenza treatment in Japan and the United States.Favipiravir effectively and selectively inhibits the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp)of RNA viruses while Baloxavir specifically targets the cap-dependent endonuclease PA of influenza viruses.These two drugs have been suggested as the first candidate drugs for influenza infection treatment,especially for strains resistant to other anti-influenza drugs.This review will focus on the pharmaceutical mechanisms and anti-influenza activity of these two drugs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a novel very contagious infection which was designated a pandemic in all countries of the world in April 2020.Its presentation varies from mild to severe infection,but t...BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a novel very contagious infection which was designated a pandemic in all countries of the world in April 2020.Its presentation varies from mild to severe infection,but the majority of infected patients have mild manifestations.Many therapeutic choices have been suggested to treat the infection,but none are fully effective.CASE SUMMARY Herein we present a 26-year-old woman with a twin pregnancy at 36 wk and one day gestation with confirmed COVID-19 who responded dramatically to convalescent plasma therapy(CPT)and Favipiravir.CONCLUSION Although this case report shows the efficacy of CPT in addition to usual medications used for COVID-19,there are many questions that need to be answered regarding dosage,para-clinical efficacy,side effects and combination therapy.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND In cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),favipiravir is commonly included to the therapy regimen.Drug interactions between favipiravir and other COVID-19 therapy drugs are frequently researched.However,no research on possible drug interactions between Favipiravir and radiocontrast agents,which have become almost crucial in diagnostic processes while not being part of the treatment,has been found.AIM To determine potential medication interactions between Favipiravir and radiocontrast agents.METHODS The study comprised patients who were taking Favipiravir for COVID-19 therapy and underwent a contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)test while taking the medicine.The computerized patient files of the cases included in the study,as well as the pharmacovigilance forms in the designated hospital,were evaluated for this purpose.RESULTS The study included the evaluation of data from 1046 patients.The study sample's mean age was 47.23±9.48 years.The mean age of cases with drug interactions was statistically significant greater than that of cases with no drug interactions(P=0.003).When evaluated with logistic regression analysis,a 1-year raises in age increases the risk of developing drug interactions by 1.63 times(P=0.023).There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of medication interactions between the sexes(P=0.090).Possible medication interactions were discovered in 42 cases(4%).CONCLUSION The findings of this study revealed that the most notable findings as a result of the combined use of contrast agents and favipiravir were increased creatinine and transaminase values,as well as an increase in the frequency of nausea and vomiting.The majority of drug interactions discovered were modest enough that they were not reflected in the clinic.Drug interactions become more common as people get older.
基金funded by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED)under Grant Asian clinical trial network construction project(Number JP20lk0201001j0001)
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of confirmed infections worldwide.This pandemic has prompted researchers to produce medications or vaccines to reduce or stop the progression and spread of this disease.A variety of previously licensed and marketed medications are being tested for the treatment and recurrence of SARS-CoV2,including favipiravir(Avigan).Favipiravir was recognized as an influenza antiviral drug in Japan in 2014,and has been known to have a potential in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2,in addition to its broad therapeutic safety scope.Favipiravir was recently approved and officially used in many countries worldwide.Our review provides insights and up-to-date knowledge of the current role of favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 infection,focusing on preclinical and ongoing clinical trials,evidence of its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19,side effects,anti-viral mechanism,and the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug in the treatment of COVID-19.Due to its teratogenic effects,favipiravir cannot be offered to expectant or pregnant mothers.The practical efficacy of such an intervention regimen will depend on its dose,treatment duration,and cost as well as difficulties in application.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic stimulates research works to find a solution to this crisis from starting 2020 year up to now.With ending of the 2021-year,various advances in pharmacotherapy against COVID-19 have emerged.Regarding antiviral therapy,casirivimab and imdevimab antibody combination is a type of new immunotherapy against COVID-19.Standard antiviral therapy against COVID-19 includes Remdesivir and Favipiravir.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of antibodies cocktail(casirivimab and imdevimab)compared to standard antiviral therapy in reducing the need for invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV).METHODS 265 COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction confirmed patients with indication for antiviral therapy were included in this study and were divided into 3 groups(1:2:2):Group A:REGN3048-3051 antibodies cocktail(casirivimab and imdevimab),group B:Remdesivir,group C:Favipiravir.The study design is a single-blind nonrandomized controlled trial Mansoura University Hospital owns the study’s drugs.The duration of the study was about 6 mo after ethical approval.RESULTS Casirivimab and imdevimab achieve less need for O2 therapy and IMV,with less duration of this need than remdesivir and favipiravir.CONCLUSION Group A(casirivimab and imdevimab)achieve better clinical outcomes than groups B(remdesivir)and C(favipiravir)intervention groups.
文摘In late Dec.2019,a huge number of pneumonia cases caused by novel coronavirus were reported in China.2019-nCoV pandemic has influenced on millions of people's life across the world.This novel coronavirus was identified to be similar with MERS and SARS.Therefore,researchers and academicians across the world still trying to find out vaccines,new drug molecules against SARS-CoV-2.The principle point of this review article is to explain the activity of favipiravir in preventing COVID-19.In view of constrained data available in the literature,we specify that favipiravir treatment,among all other anti-viral drugs,accompanied by oxygen inhalation therapy,maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance,and nutritional support may be helpful in fighting COVID-19.Researches were done on already approved existing anti-viral drugs for treating ebola virus,influenza virus infection and many such anti-viral agents like favipiravir,ritonavir,remdesivir,ribavirin,oseltamivir shows promising results in preventing COVID-19 infection and their clinical trials are currently undergoing in order to discover proper treatment of COVID-19.Among the aforementioned drug candidates,a broad-spectrum RNA polymerase inhibitor favipiravir,which demonstrated a promising tolerance profile and anti-viral efficacy in patients having COVID-19 manifestations.
基金We thank all staff members in the Center of Biological Imaging(CBI),the Institute of Biophysics(IBP),and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)for assistance with data collection.This study was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDB29010000)the National Science and Technology Major Project(2018ZX10101004)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC0845900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(82041016,81871658,and 81802010)a grant from the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation,and is partially supported by the Yanqi Lake Meeting organized by the Academic Divisions of CAS.M.W.is supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2018ZX09711003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(81802007).R.P.is supported by the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program(YESS)by the China Association for Science and Technology(CAST)(2018QNRC001).Y.S.is also supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS.
文摘The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)has developed into an unprecedented global pandemic.Nucleoside analogs,such as Remdesivir and Favipiravir,can serve as the firstline broad-spectrum antiviral drugs by targeting the viral polymerases.However,the underlying mechanisms for the antiviral efficacies of these drugs are far from well understood.Here,we reveal that Favipiravir,as a pyrazine derivative,could be incorporated into the viral RNA products by mimicking both adenine and guanine nucleotides.This drug thus inhibits viral replication mainly by inducing mutations in progeny RNAs,different from Remdesivir or other RNA-terminating nucleoside analogs that impair the elongation of RNA products.We further determined the cryo-EM structure of Favipiravir bound to the replicating polymerase complex of SARSCoV-2 in the pre-catalytic state.This structure provides a missing snapshot for visualizing the catalysis dynamics of coronavirus polymerase,and reveals an unexpected base-pairing pattern between Favipiravir and pyrimidine residues that may explain its capacity for mimicking both adenine and guanine nucleotides.These findings shed light on the mechanism of coronavirus polymerase catalysis and provide a rational basis for developing antiviral drugs to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFD0500208 to D.W.)Emergency Prevention and Control Project of Ministry of Science and Technology(No.10600100000015001206).
文摘Anti-influenza drugs are one of themost critical pathways for control of influenza virus infection.Drugs that have been developed or are developing may function via different mechanisms,and so far,inhibitors of influenza virus polymerase are among the most promising types of drugs.Favipiravir and Baloxavir,also named T-705 and Xofluza respectively,have been approved for influenza treatment in Japan and the United States.Favipiravir effectively and selectively inhibits the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp)of RNA viruses while Baloxavir specifically targets the cap-dependent endonuclease PA of influenza viruses.These two drugs have been suggested as the first candidate drugs for influenza infection treatment,especially for strains resistant to other anti-influenza drugs.This review will focus on the pharmaceutical mechanisms and anti-influenza activity of these two drugs.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a novel very contagious infection which was designated a pandemic in all countries of the world in April 2020.Its presentation varies from mild to severe infection,but the majority of infected patients have mild manifestations.Many therapeutic choices have been suggested to treat the infection,but none are fully effective.CASE SUMMARY Herein we present a 26-year-old woman with a twin pregnancy at 36 wk and one day gestation with confirmed COVID-19 who responded dramatically to convalescent plasma therapy(CPT)and Favipiravir.CONCLUSION Although this case report shows the efficacy of CPT in addition to usual medications used for COVID-19,there are many questions that need to be answered regarding dosage,para-clinical efficacy,side effects and combination therapy.
