The sol-gel process of citric acid chelating with metal cations for the synthesis of normal spinel LiMn 2O 4 and the reaction mechanism were investigated by means of XRD,IR,TG-DTA, and SEM.The results show that at t...The sol-gel process of citric acid chelating with metal cations for the synthesis of normal spinel LiMn 2O 4 and the reaction mechanism were investigated by means of XRD,IR,TG-DTA, and SEM.The results show that at the beginning lithium citrate and chelate compound of citric acid with manganese ions formed,and then with heating the esterification and condensation reactions occured between them and glycol.The products obtained are polymers in which metal cations are distributed homogeneously on atomic scale that ensure high reactivity to cations of Li + and Mn 2+.Firing the gel prepared by this process,the lattice diffusions of solid reactant ions caused by non-homogeneity of reactants are eliminated and avoided.At 400℃ phase-pure LiMn 2O 4 with nanometer scale crystallization having precise stoichiometry and perfect crystallization can be obtained.The model of chelate coordinate of double-molecule between citric acid and Mn 2+ in the gel network is proposed.It is important for explaining the dispersion state of Mn 2+ and the formation process of gel by this model.展开更多
基金theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .5 9972 0 2 7)theNaturalScienceFoundationofHubeiProvince (No .2 0 0 2AB0 74) )
文摘The sol-gel process of citric acid chelating with metal cations for the synthesis of normal spinel LiMn 2O 4 and the reaction mechanism were investigated by means of XRD,IR,TG-DTA, and SEM.The results show that at the beginning lithium citrate and chelate compound of citric acid with manganese ions formed,and then with heating the esterification and condensation reactions occured between them and glycol.The products obtained are polymers in which metal cations are distributed homogeneously on atomic scale that ensure high reactivity to cations of Li + and Mn 2+.Firing the gel prepared by this process,the lattice diffusions of solid reactant ions caused by non-homogeneity of reactants are eliminated and avoided.At 400℃ phase-pure LiMn 2O 4 with nanometer scale crystallization having precise stoichiometry and perfect crystallization can be obtained.The model of chelate coordinate of double-molecule between citric acid and Mn 2+ in the gel network is proposed.It is important for explaining the dispersion state of Mn 2+ and the formation process of gel by this model.