Novel distribution pattern of fibrinolytic components in rabbit tissues extract: a preliminary study

Objective: The purpose of this work was to investigate the distribution pattern of fibrinolytic factors and their inhibitors in rabbit tissues. Methods: The components of the fibrinolytic system in extracts from a variety of rabbit tissues, including tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), plasminogen (Plg), plasmin (Pl) and α2 plasmin inhibitor (α2PI), were determined by colorimetric assay. Results: The tissue extracts in renal, small intestine, lung, brain and spleen demonstrated strong fibrinolytic function, in which high activity of tPA, Plg and Pl was manifested; whereas in skeletal muscle, tongue and stomach, higher activity of PAI-1 and α2PI showed obviously. Also excellent linear correlations were found between levels of tPA and PAI-1, Pl and α2PI, Plg and Pl. In related tissues, renal cortex and renal marrow showed distinctly higher activity of tPA and lower activity of PAI-1, with the levels of Plg and Pl in renal cortex being higher than those in renal marrow, where the α2PI level was higher than that in renal cortex. Similarly, the levels of tPA, Plg and Pl in small intestine were higher than those in large intestine, but with respect to PAI-1 and α2PI, the matter was reverse. In addition, the fibrinolytic activity in muscle tissue was lower, however, the levels of tPA, Plg, and Pl in cardiac muscle were obviously higher than those in skeletal muscles, and the levels of PAI-1 and α2PI were significantly lower than those in skeletal muscle. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that a remarkable difference of the fibrinolytic patterns exists in rabbit tissues, which has probable profound significance in understanding the relationship between the function of haemostasis or thrombosis and the physiologic function in tissues.

Assessment of traditional Chinese medicine pattern in a bleomycininduced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model: A pilot study

Objective:To initially explore traditional Chinese medicine patterns in a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model.Methods:Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were divided by the random number table method(with 12 rats per group)into three groups:a blank group,a model group,and a number 2 Feibi recipe(FBR-2)group.The pulmonary fibrosis mouse model was established by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin.The FBR-2 group was treated with FBR-2 for 4 weeks.Symptoms in the mice such as mental behavior,food/water intake,body weight,body temperature,respiratory rate,and tongue image were observed.The samples were collected on the 14th day and 28th day after modeling,and lung tissues were visually assessed and microscopically evaluated by staining with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson.The expression levels of hydroxyproline,interleukin(IL)-33,IL-37,tissue plasminogen activator,and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Mice in the model group were poor in spirit,less active,slow in response,showed reduced food/water intake,body temperature,and body weight,increased respiratory rate,and their tongue color had changed from light red to dark red.However,treatment with FBR-2 significantly improved these symptoms.Extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen fiber deposition were observed in the lung tissues of the model group.Compared with the blank group,the levels of hydroxyproline,IL-33,and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in the model group significantly increased(all P<.05),whereas that of tissue plasminogen activator significantly decreased on the 14th day and 28th day(P=.036 and P=.005,respectively).Moreover,FBR-2 improved lung inflammation and fibrinolysis imbalance and reduced collagen fiber deposition.Conclusion:To some extent,our bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model exhibited traditional Chinese medicine patterns of qi deficiency,blood stasis,and heat retention.